Pathology Of Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

Atheroma

Answer 1

Swelling on inner wall of artery made up of fatty material and connective tissue

Question 2

Atherosclerosis

Answer 2

Potentially serious condition in which atheromas clog the arteries

Question 3

Cardiovascular disease

Answer 3

Diseases affecting the heart and circulation

Question 4

Cholesterol

Answer 4

Lipid molecule needed for cell membranes and in synthesising steroid hormones

Question 5

Deep vein thrombosis

Answer 5

Blood clot in a deep vein, often in the leg

Question 6

Embolus

Answer 6

Any detached mass of material carried by the circulation

Question 7

Familial hypercholsterolaemia (FH)

Answer 7

Inherited condition in which LDLs are at a higher than normal level in the blood

Question 8

Fibrin

Answer 8

Protein that helps form a blood clot

Question 9

Fribrinogen

Answer 9

Blood protein hat is converted to fibrin during the blood clotting process

Question 10

Heart attack

Answer 10

Serious medical emergency in which blood supply to the heart muscle is blocked

Question 11

High density lipoprotein (HDL)

Answer 11

Carries excess cholesterol away from the body cells and artery surfaces to the liver for elimination

Question 12

LDL receptor

Answer 12

Receptor that recognises LDLs and encourages their uptake

Question 13

Lipoprotein

Answer 13

Assembly of protein with lipid that enables movement of lipid in water and through membranes

Question 14

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)

Answer 14

Carries cholesterol to body cells; if body cells have enough cholesterol LDL may deposit cholesterol leading to atheroma in arteries

Question 15

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Answer 15

Medical term for a heart attack in which blood flow to the heart is reduced

Question 16

Peripheral vascular disorder

Answer 16

Condition caused by blockage to arteries other than coronary arteries, the aorta or those in the brain

Question 17

Prothrombin

Answer 17

Blood component important in clotting; it is converted to thrombin during clotting

Question 18

Pulmonary embolism

Answer 18

An embolism (blood clot) in the pulmonary circulation

Question 19

Statin

Answer 19

A medicine that helps lower LDLs in the blood

Question 20

Thrombin

Answer 20

Produced from prothrombin during blood clotting

Question 21

Thrombosis

Answer 21

Blood clot within a blood vessel

Question 22

Angina

Answer 22

Chest pain occurring when blood supply to heart muscle is restricted