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Pathology Boxes > Pathology Boxes > Flashcards

Pathology Boxes Flashcards

1
Q

Membrane bound organelle that undergoes apoptosis after completing their function?

A

Lysosomes

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2
Q

Lipofuscin accumulates in the colon following prolonged use anthraquinone-containing laxatives. What is the clinical condition called?

A

Melanosisn Coli

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3
Q

Extreme accumulation of iron characterized by cirrhosis, DM and skin pigmentation.

A

Hemochromatosis

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4
Q

What is the most frequent cause of hemochromatosis?

A

Repeated blood transfusions

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5
Q

Treatment for hemochromatosis?

A

Phlebotomy, Chelation(Deferoxamine, Deferasirox)

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6
Q

Conditions with psammoma bodies?

A

Prolqctinoma, Papillary Thyroid Ca, Serous cystadeno Ca of the ovaries, Meningioma, Mesothelioma

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7
Q

Which type of lung cancer causes paraneoplastic hypercalcemia?

A

SCCa

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8
Q

Paraneoplastic SIADH and Cushing syndrome?

A

Small Cell Lung Cancer

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9
Q

Biochemical disorder in heme synthesis that presents with skin blisters due to photosensitivity?

A

Porphyria

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10
Q

Most common variant of porphyria?

A

Porphyria cutanea tarda due to URO decarboxylase deficiency

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11
Q

Fever, pleuritic chest pain and pericardial effusion post-MI?

A

Dressler’s syndrome

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12
Q

Most common common complications of peptic ulcer disease?

A

Bleeding (MC), perforation, obstruction

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13
Q

Which blood vessels would be injured in the perforation of a gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer respectively?

A

Left gastric and Gastroduodenal (MC) arteries

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14
Q

Antibiotic regarded as the most common cause of Pseudomembranous colitis?

A

Clindamycon

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15
Q

DMARD drug that may cause reactivation of patent tuberculosis infection?

A

Infliximab (a-tnf inhibitor) - do pod before administering

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16
Q

Electrolyte abnormality seen in acute pancreatitis due to saponification?

A

Hypocalcemia

17
Q

Drug for cerebral edema? MOA?

A

Mannitol (osmotic diuretic); increased blood osm (draws H2O from tissues)

18
Q

Most common cause of native valve endocarditis?

A

Streptococcus viridans

19
Q

What is the most common cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis?

A

Staph epidermidis

20
Q

Which bacteria is implicated in Marantic endocarditis

A

Strep bovis (seen in colorectal Ca )

21
Q

Most common ecg findingnof pulmonary embolism?

A

Sinus tachycardia

22
Q

What do you call a DVT that presents as a pale, painful leg with a diminished arterial pulse due to vasospasm?

A

Phlegmasia alba dolens

23
Q

What do you call a DVT that presents as a cyanotic, painful leg due to extebsive thrombotic occlusion?

A

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens

24
Q

Usually leads to septic embolism in the lung? Most common microbial cause and setting?

A

Tricuspid valve endocarditis
Staph aureus
Endocarditis in an IV drug user

25
Q

Most severe form of meningococcemia? Pathology?

A

Waterhouse-Frideeichsen Syndrome

Due to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage leading to adrenal insufficiency

26
Q

What does the PCWP measure?

A

It indirectly measure the L atrial pressure

27
Q

Which parasitic infection can lead to megaloblastic anemia? Treatment?

A

Diphtlobotrium latum (fish tapeworm); tx: praziquantel

28
Q

Which parasitic infection can lead to microcytic hypochromic anemia? Treatment?

A

Hookworms (Necator, Ancylostoma); Albendazole

29
Q

Which antibiotic commonly causes idiosyncratic aplastic anemia?

A

Chloramphenicol

30
Q

Which occupational chemical exposure invariably causes aplastic anemia?

A

Benzene

31
Q

How do you differentiate myelodysplastic syndrome from (MDS) from aplastic anemia?

A

MDS: BM is hypercellular

Aplastic Anemia: BM is hypocellular

32
Q

Mets to supraclavicular LN from a gastric primary?

A

Virchow node

33
Q

Mets to periumbilical region from a gastric primary?

A

Sister Mary Joseph Nodule

34
Q

Mets to bilateral ovaries from a gastric primary?

A

Krukenberg tumor

35
Q

Mets to pelvic cul-de-sac from a gastric primary forming palpable nodules?

A

Blumer’s shelf

36
Q

What is the most appropriate treatment for acute pancreatitis?

A

Bowel rest

37
Q

What is the most appropriate analgesic for patients with acute pancreatitis?

A

Meperidine. Others will cause more spasm at the sphincter of oddi

38
Q

What is the most appropriate treatment for acute pancreatitis?

A

Bowel rest

39
Q

What is the most appropriate analgesic for patients with acute pancreatitis?

A

Meperidine. Others will cause more spasm at the sphincter of oddi

Pathology Boxes (1 decks)

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