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Dental Nurse > Pathology And Microbiology > Flashcards

Pathology And Microbiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Early enamel demineralisation - presentation of this area?

A

White spot lesion

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2
Q

Dentine is the calcified tissue that forms the bulk of the tooth structure and composed of what?

A

Hollow tubes (containing the nerve fibrils of the pulp tissue)

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3
Q

What is the ideal concentration of flouride artificially added to a water supply?

A

1 part per million (1ppm)

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4
Q

Fungal infection that occurs in denture weares

A

Denture stomatitis (candida albicans)

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5
Q

Normal pH level of the oral cavity

A

pH 7.0

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6
Q

Criticial pH level of the oral cavity

A

pH 5.5

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7
Q

Medication that causes dry mouth (xerostomia)?

A

Diuretics ‘water tablets’

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8
Q

Patient suffers severe oral pain, halitosis and ulcerated gingivae (signs and symptoms of acute necrotising ulcerative gingitivis) An oral infection by which microorganisms is involved?

A

Borrelia vincenti

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9
Q

Scaler instrument for subgingival calculus

A

Curette and Hoe

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10
Q

Instrument used to clean off interdental calculus

A

Cushing scaler

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11
Q

Hand instrument to clean off supragingival calculus

A

Sickle scaler
Jaquette scaler
Push scaler

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12
Q

An infection not caused by a microorganism? (It is caused by specialised protein called a ‘prion’)

A

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease “mad cow disease”

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13
Q

Incisal edge and occlusal surface wear, habitual grinding their teeth (bruxism)

A

Attrition

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14
Q

Cervical margin wear, result of vigorous toothbrushing

A

Abrasion

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15
Q

Palatal and labial surface loss due to acid attack

A

Erosion

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16
Q

Surface loss due to tooth fracture usual affects the cervical areas of heavily loaded teeth

A

Abfraction

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17
Q

Oral cancer, a condition that has been linked to tobacco use and high alcohol intake. Where it is most likely to manifest?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma (especially sides of the tongue, and floor of the mouth)

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18
Q

Shallow break in the tissue surface, often painful, bleeds when touched

A

Ulcer

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19
Q

Abnormal overgrowth of tissue cells

A

Tumours

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20
Q

Abnormal fluid-filled sacs within the tissues

A

Cysts

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21
Q

Invasion of the tissues by microorganisms

A

Infection

22
Q

Virus causes ‘cold sore’?

A

Herpes simplex

23
Q

Virus causes glandular fever

A

Epstein-barr

24
Q

Virus causes chickenpox and shingles

A

Herpes varicella and zoster

25
Q

Virus causes mumps

A

Paramyxovirus

26
Q

Which microorganism that has been linked to acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (acute periodontal condition)?

A

Bacillus fusiformis and Borrelia vincenti

27
Q

One of the bacteria associated with chronic periodontitis

A

Porphyromonas gingivalis

28
Q

Initial microorganism that causes caries

A

Streptococcus mutans

29
Q

Which analgesics should be avoided in asthmatic patients?

A

Ibuprofen

30
Q

Signs of periodontitis

A

Furcation lesions
Subgingival calculus
Tooth mobility
True pockets

31
Q

One of the sign of chronic gingivitis

A

Gingival hyperplasia (causes gums to overgrow)

32
Q

Drug to treat denture stomatitis?

A

Nystatin

33
Q

Slow-growing abnormal sac of fluid within the tissues

A

Cyst

34
Q

Term describes when pus manages to spread into the surrounding tissues

A

Cellulitis

35
Q

Medical term for white blood cells?

A

Leucocytes

36
Q

Medical term for red blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

37
Q

Medical term for platelets

A

Thrombocytes

38
Q

Leucocytes (white blood cells) are made and released from?

A

Bone marrow

39
Q

Cell that transport oxygen around the body

A

Erythrocytes (red blood cell)

40
Q

Blood cells that form platelets for blood clotting

A

Thrombocytes (platelets)

41
Q

Bacteria that thrive in areas of low oxygen availability

A

Anaerobic bacteria

42
Q

Bacteria that thrive in areas of high oxygen availability

A

Aerobic bacteria

43
Q

Specific antibiotic used for many perio conditions

A

Metronidazole

44
Q

Bacteria that is shaped like round-ended rods?

A

Lactobacilli

45
Q

Pointed rod-shaped bacteria

A

Bacilli

46
Q

Circular shape arranged in chain

A

Streptococcus

47
Q

Circular shape arranged in grape-like cluster

A

Staphylococcus

48
Q

Spiral-shaped bacteria

A

Spirochaetes

49
Q

Patient are more at risk to develop perio disease because of prescribed drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia (which making plaque control difficult)

A

Nifedipine (medication for angina or hypertension)

50
Q

When a sound tooth undergoes carious attack, which most likely point of the tooth the patient will begin to feel sensation?

A

At the amelodentinal junction

51
Q

Microorganisms possesses “hyphae”

A

Fungi

52
Q

Bacteria linked to periodontal disease

A 
Actinomyces
Bacillus
Porphyromonas
Treponema
Prevotella intermedia

Dental Nurse (7 decks)

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