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Pathology - ADULTS Flashcards

1
Q

CYANOTIC (14)

A
  1. GB
  2. PE
  3. Emphysema/ CB
  4. Bronchiectasis
  5. ARDS
  6. PNA
  7. CF
  8. Chest trauma/Flail chest
  9. Pneumothorax
  10. Hemothorax
  11. Smoke/CO
  12. MI
  13. Shock
  14. Hypothermia
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2
Q

ALOC (5)

A
  1. Drug Overdose
  2. Head trauma/ sx
  3. Neck trauma
  4. Hypothermia ‘confused’
  5. Drowning ‘confused’
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3
Q

Pleural Friction Rub(2)

A
  1. Pulmonary HPTN
  2. PE
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4
Q

Barrel Chest (3)

A
  1. Emphysema/ CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. CF
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5
Q

Productive Cough (3)

A
  1. Emphysema / CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. PNA
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6
Q

Peripheral Edema (6)

A
  1. CHF/ Pulm. Edema
  2. Pulm. HPTN
  3. Cor Pulmonale
  4. Late-stage CO
  5. CF
  6. Diabetes (Pedal)
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7
Q

Tachypnea (15)

A
  1. Bronchiectasis
  2. CF
  3. Chest trauma/flail chest
  4. Pneumothorax
  5. Hemothorax
  6. Smoke/ CO
  7. CHF/ Pulm. edema
  8. Pulm HPTN
  9. MI
  10. ARDS
  11. PNA
  12. Shock
  13. Thoracic s/x
  14. Drowning
  15. PE
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8
Q

PERCUSSION
Hyperresonnant / tympanic ‘air’ (6)

A
  1. Chest trauma/ flail chest
  2. Pneumothorax (affected side)
  3. Emphysema / CB
  4. Asthma
  5. Bronchiectasis
  6. CF
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9
Q

PERCUSSION
Flat / Dull “fluid” (8)

A
  1. CHF / Pulm. Edema
  2. PNA
  3. ARDS
  4. Pneumothorax (affected side)
  5. Hemothorax (affected side)
  6. Bronchiectasis (only flat)
  7. Asthma (only flat)
  8. CF (only flat)
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10
Q

Increased AP (3)

A
  1. Cor Pulmonale
  2. Emphysema/CB
  3. Asthma
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11
Q

Increased Accessory Muscle Usage (4)

A
  1. Emphysema/ CB
  2. Asthma
  3. Bronchiectasis
  4. CF (on insp. & exp.)
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12
Q

Dyspnea (5)

A
  1. Emphysema / CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. CF (on exertion)
  4. Pulm. HPTN
  5. Cor Pulmonale
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13
Q

Tachycardia (5)

A
  1. Asthma
  2. Pneumothorax
  3. ARDS
  4. PNA
  5. Drowning
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14
Q

Cheynes Stokes Respiration (2)

A
  1. Stroke/CVA/CI
  2. Head trauma, sx
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15
Q

Shallow Breathing (4)

A
  1. MG
  2. GB
  3. Sleep Apnea (Hypopnea)
  4. Chest trauma/flail chest
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16
Q

Dyspnea (5)

A
  1. Emphysema / CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. CF (on exertion)
  4. Pulm. HPTN
  5. Cor Pulmonale
17
Q

Pursed Lip Breathing (4)

A
  1. Emphysema / CB
  2. Asthma
  3. Bronchiectasis
  4. CF
18
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus (2)

A
  1. Asthma
  2. Pneumothorax
19
Q

CXR
Translucent ‘dark lung field’ (2)

20
Q

ABG
Hypoxemia (2)

21
Q

Increased Tactile/ Vocal Fremitus (2)

A
  1. PNA
  2. CHF / Pulm. Edema
22
Q

Clubbing (3)

A
  1. Emphysema / CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. CF
23
Q

CXR
Hyperlucency (3)

A
  1. Emphysema/ CB
  2. Bronchiectasis
  3. Pneumothorax
24
Q

BS
Crackles “fluid” (10)

A
  1. CF (x2)
  2. CHF/ Pulm Edema (x2)
  3. Pulm. HPTN (x2)
  4. MI
  5. PE (x2)
  6. MG (diminished - cant clear secretions)
  7. GB (diminished - cant clear secretions)
  8. ARDS (+ bronchial)
  9. PNA (+ bronchial, + whispered pectoriloquy)
  10. Drowning (+ rhonchi)
25
BS Wheeze "air" (similar list to hyperresonnant) (7)
1. Emphysema / CB 2. Bronchiectasis 3. CF (x2) 4. Asthma 5. CHF/ Pulm. Edema (x2) 6. Pulm. HPTN (x2) 7. PE (x2)
26
ABG Respiratory Acidosis 'low resp. drive' (7)
1. Emphysema/CB 2. MG 3. GB 4. Muscular Dystrophy 5. Hypothermia 6. Drowning 7. Sleep Apnea
27
ABG Respiratory Alkosis 'more fluid problems' (3)
1. CHF / Pulm. Edema 2. Pulm. HPTN 3. PE
28
ABG Acute Hyperventilation 'more accident/or infection related' (8)
1. Asthma 2. Bronchiectasis 3. CF 4. Chest trauma/flail chest 5. Pneumothorax 6. Hemothorax 7. Smoke/CO 8. PNA
29
PFT Low flow 'FEV1, FEV1/FVC' (5)
1. Emphysema / CB 2. Asthma 3. Bronchiectasis 4. CF 5. Smoke / CO
30
PFT Low volumes 'TLC, FRC, VC' (7)
1. Sleep Apnea 2. Chest trauma/flail chest 3. Smoke / CO 4. CHF/ Pulm. Edema 5. MG 6. GB 7. ARDS
31
TX Oxygen therapy (23)
1. Emphysema / CB (low flow - target 88-92) 2. Asthma 3. Bronchiectasis 4. CF 5. Sleep Apnea (CPAP- OSA, NPPV - CSA) 6. Chest trauma/flail chest 7. Pneumothorax 8. Hemothorax 9. Smoke / CO (at 100%) 10. CHF / pulm edema (High flow: HFNC or NRB) 11. Arrythmias: PVC 12. Pulm HPTN 13. MI (100% O2) 14. PE (O2 for PaO2 > 80 torr) 15. Cor Pulmonale 16. MG 17. GB 18. ARDS 19. PNA 20. Head trauma / sx 21. Neck / spinal sx 22. Hypothermia 23. Drowning (100% O2)
32
TX Aerosolized bronchodilator (SABA, LABA, LAMA, anticholinergic) (5)
1. Emphysema / CB 2. Asthma 3. Bronchiectasis (SABA, anticholinergic) 4. CF (bronchodilator + mucolytic + corticosteroid) 5. Smoke / CO (bronchodilator + mucolytic + corticosteroid)
33
TX Antibiotics (5)
1. Emphysema / CB 2. Bronchiectasis 3. Cystic Fibrosis (tobi, colistin, amikacin) 4. Septic shock 5. Pneumonia
34
TX Diuretics (4)
1. CHF / Pulm. Edema 2. Pulm. HPTN 3. Cor Pulmonale 4. Drowning
35
TX Positive Inotropic Agents (6)
1. CHF/ Pulm. Edema 'digitalis, digoxin, dobutamine, dopamine' 2. Pulm. HPTN 'digitalis' 3. PE 'digitalis, digoxin' 4. Cor Pulmonale 'digitalis' 5. Drowning 6. Cardiogenic Shock 'digitalis, digoxin'
36
TX Corticosteroid (4)
1. Emphysema/ CB (inhaled) 2. Asthma (oral OR IV) 3. CF (Advair, Flovent, Pulmicort) 4. Smoke/CO
37
TX Bronchial Hygiene (8)
1. Emphysema / CB 2. Bronchiectasis 3. Chest trauma/flail chest 4. Smoke/CO 5. MG 6. GB 7. PNA 8. CF
38
TX Hyperinflation Therapy 'IS/IPPB/SMI' (11)
1. Chest trauma/flail chest 2. Pneumothorax 3. Hemothorax 4. Smoke/CO 5. CHF / Pulm. Edema 6. MG 7. GB 8. ARDS 9. PNA 10. Abdominal sx (or pre/post all sx) 11. Thoracic sx (pre/post)
39
CHRONIC PATHOLOGIES '1. Emphysema/ CB 2. Bronchiectasis 3.CF)
1. Cyanosis 2. Barrel Chest 3. Hyperresonnant 4. Increased Accessory Muscle Usage 5. Dyspnea 6. Clubbing 7. Pursed Lip Breathing 8. Wheeze 9. PFT (low flows) 10. Bronchial Hygiene 11. O2 therapy 12. Bronchodilators

CSE (2 decks)

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