Pathology Flashcards
Describe the structure of hepatocytes
Polygonal in shape - 5/6 sides
Central rounded nucleus
Near to sinusoids
What is the function of sinusoids
Provide hepatocytes with a good blood supply
They have constant circulation
What is the space of disse
the space between the hepatocytes and the sinusoids
What is found in a portal triad
Artery
Vein
Bile duct
What type of cells line a bile duct
columnar epithelial cells
How many functional segments does the liver have
8
How will fatty liver conditions appear under a microscope
Show up as large white blobs in the cells
Hepatocytes become blown up by fat so may see nucleus in centre
In hepatitis conditions (NASH) you can see inflammatory cells
Which LFT’s will be raised in alcoholic liver disease
AST and ALT
GGT - indicates alcohol use
Low albumin due to lower liver function
Name 4 liver storage disorders
Wilson’s disease - copper
Haemochromatosis - iron
a1-antitrypsin
glycogen storage disease
Describe Wilson’s disease
Copper builds up in the body Presents in kids and young adults Keiser-Fleischer rings in eyes Neurological symtpoms: dizziness, slurring and psychotic behaviour Bronzed diabetes
Describe haemochromatosis
Iron storage disorder
Quite common
LFT’s will be off
May manifest after drinking
What type of cells lay down fibrosis
Hepatic stellate cells
What type of cells normally line the oesophagus
stratified squamous epithelium
What cell type may the oesophageal lining change to if there is reflux
Changes to intestinal type epithelium which is columnar
How can alcohol cause Barrett’s
alcohol acts as a CNS depressant and relaxes the sphincter
this allows reflux
