Pathology Flashcards
Unregulated growth and differentiation of WBCs in bone marrow leading to marrow failure which presents as anemia, recurrent infections and hemorrhage
Leukemia
Leukemia that most frequently occurs in children which presents as markedly increased lymphoblasts on peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy.
TdT+ and CD10+ are its markers.
It is most responsive to therapy
Associated witn t(12;21)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Most common adult leukemia. Smudge cells are seen in peripheral blood smear.
CD20+, CD23+, CD5+ B-cell neoplasm
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
CLL with lymph node involvement
Small lymphocytic lymphoma
CLL/SLL transformation into an aggressive lymphoma, most commonky diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Richter transformation
Mature B-cell tumor , commonly in males, which appears as filamentous cells with hair-like projections in light microscope. Patient would usually present with massicve splenomegaly and pancytopenia. Upon BM aspiration, a dry tap is observed due to marrow fibrosis. TRAP(+)
Hairy cell leukemia
Treatment for Hairy cell leukemia
Cladribine, pentostatin
Type of leukemia with myeloperoxidase (+) cytoplasmic inclusions (auer rods) and markedly elevated circulatinv myeloblast on peripheral smear. Associated with t(15;17).
Acute myelogenous leukemia
Treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia that induces differentiation of promyelocytes
All-trans retinoic acid
Leukemia defined by the Philadelphia chromosome (t[9;22], BCR-ABL) and myeloid stem cell proliferation. Presents with dysregukated production of mature ans maturing granulocytes, and splenomegaly
Very low LAP
Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Treatment for CML
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib)
t(8;14)
Burkitt lymphoma
t(9;22) Philadelphia chromosome
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (BCR-ABL)
t(11;14)
Mantle Cell Lymphoma (cyclin D1 activation)
t(14;18)
Follicular lymphoma (BCL-2 activation)
