Pathology Flashcards
Schaumann bodies and Asteroid bodies
Laminated dystrophic calcification in sarcoidosis (Schaumann bodies)
Stellate giant cell cytoplasmic inclusions (Asteroid bodies)
Mikulicz syndrome
Involvement of the uvea and parotid in Sarcoidosis
ACE in Sarcoidosis
Synthesized by endothelial cell’s and macrophages. Elevated in sarcoidosis
Honeycomb Fibrosis
In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Refers to dilated cystic spaces lined with Type II pneumocytes, consistent with end stage lung
Ferruginous bodies
Asbestos bodies that have become coated with iron in asbestosis
Asbestosis exposition
Shipyard work, insulation and construction industries, brake lining manufactures
Asbestos types
Serpentine asbestos = curved flexible fibers. Chrysotile the most common
Amphibole asbestos = straight, brittle fibers. Crocidolite, tremolote and amosite the most common. Associated with mesothelioma
Pleura involvement in asbestosis
Parietal pleural plaques in a symmetrical distribution (acellular Type I collagen deposition) involving the domes of the diaphragm and posterolateral chest walls on chest x Ray. Plaques on the anterior chest wall may be seen in CT
Malignant mesothelioma pathology
Microscopic exam exhibits carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements (biphasic pattern)
Electron microscopy shows long, thin microvilli on some tumor cells
Silicosis exposure
Exposure to silicon dioxide (silica)
Sandblaster, metal grinders, miners
Dense modular fibrosis of the upper lobes which may progress to massive fibrosis. Birefringent silica particles can be seen with polarized light
X Ray shows fibrotic nodules in the upper zones of the lungs. Increased risk of TB
Berylliosis exposure
Is an allergic granulomatous reaction in the nuclear, electronics and aerospace industries
Type IV hypersensitivity reaction resulting in granulomatous formation (noncaseating granulomas and fibrosis + hiliar lymph node granomas + systemic granulomas in chronic exposure)
Acute exposure causes acute pneumonitis
Dietary drugs associated with primary pulmonary hypertension
Fenfluramine and phentermine
Genetic mutations in lung cancer
Oncogene MYCL (Small cell carcinoma) Oncogene KRAS (Adenocarcinoma) Tumor suppressor genes TP53 and RB1
Carney complex
Autosomal dominant (myxomas with endocrine abnormalities and lentigines ir pigmented nevi
Carney triad
Pulmonary chondroma (hamartoma with a predominantly cartilaginous component) + extra adrenal paraganglioma + gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor