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Life Cycles Unit 1 > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q
  1. ) Vulva: a.) Bartholin cyst: Inflammation where?
    b. ) Condyloma: HPV what? Type of cellular change? Nucleus looks like? (2) Like papillae?
    c. ) Lichen Sclerosis: Thinning of? Fibrosis of? Description? Common in who? Increased risk ok?
    d. ) Lichen Simplex Chronicus: Hyperplasia of? Due to? NO increased risk of?
    e. ) Vulva carcinoma type? 2 pathways?
    f. ) Extramamm padget: Malignant? Distinguish from? How? Type of cells? Red crust?
A

a. ) Lower vestibule
b. ) 6, 11; koilocytic; Rasin/ghost; yes
c. ) Epidermis; dermis; parchment like; post meno; SCC
d. ) Squamus epi; irritation/scratching; SCC
e. ) SCC; 1.) High risk HPV (VIN) related; Inflammatory/non-HPV related from lichen sclerosis
f. ) Yes carcinoma in situ; melenoma; perculating; hyperkeratosis; Paget = PAS +, Keratin +, s100 -

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2
Q
  1. ) Vagina: a.) Adenosis? Increased risk via?
    b. ) Clear cell carcinoma: Malignant prolif of? Associated with? Type of lesion?
    c. ) Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: Prolif of?
    d. ) Vaginal sarcoma: SCC via?
    e. ) Molluscum contagiosum: Appearance? Kids? Adults?
    f. ) Thichomas: Protozoa? Cervix? Sputum?
    g. ) Actinomyces due to? “Sulfur granule”?
A

a. ) Persistance of columnar epi in upper 1/3; DES expo.
b. ) Glands; DES/Adenosis; kissing
c. ) Immature SM
d. ) HPV 16,18, 31, 33
e. ) Flesh color; towell; STD
f. ) Flagellated; Strawberry; Green frothy
g. ) IUD; Sulfur granule

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3
Q
  1. ) Cervix: Exo? Endo?
    a. ) Cervical cancer: Due to? 2 other risk factors? 2 types? Pap difference?
    b. ) Endocervical polyp: Cured by?
A
  • Squamos epi; columnar epi
    a. ) High risk HPV; smoking immuno defic; SCC/ Adeno; pap doesn’t help with adeno
    b. ) C&T
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4
Q
  1. ) Endo/myometrium:
    a. ) Asherman: Ammenorrhea due to? How?
    b. ) Annovulatory cycle: No what? Who?
    c. ) Acute endometritis: Due to? (2)
    d. ) Chronic: Must have? Common cause of?
    e. ) Polyp: Hyperplastic what? Assoc. with?
    f. ) Endometriosus: What outside uterus? Involve myo?
    g. ) Endometrial hyperplasia: Hyperplasia of? Due to? Often in who? Based on? What predicts prognosis?
A

a. ) Loss of basalis; D&T
b. ) Progesterone; menopause/menarche
c. ) Bacteria/ products of conception
d. ) Plasma cells; infertility
e. ) Endometrium; Tamoxifen
f. ) Endo glands/storma; adenomyosis
g. ) glands; unopposed estrogen; postmeno; architecturel cellular atypia

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5
Q
  1. ) Endo/myometrium:
    h. ) Endometrial adenocarcinoma: Malignant prolif of?
  2. ) Hyperplastic: Unopposed what? Called? In who? Mut?
  3. ) Sporadic: Atrophic? Called? Bodies? In who? Mut?
    i. ) Leiomyoma: In who? Prolif of? Due to? Multiple? Looks like? Lead to sarcoma?
    j. ) Leimyosarcoma: Malignant? Arises how? In who? Lesion? Metastasis where?
A

h. ) Glands
1. ) Estrogen; Endometroid; post meno; PTEN; KRAS; Beta Katenin
2. ) Yes; Papillary serous; elderly; p53
i. ) premeno; SM; estrogen; white whorrled; no
j. ) yes; de novo; post meno; single; lung

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6
Q
  1. ) Normal uterus:
    a. ) Prolif phase: High what? Tubular?
    b. ) Secretory phase: Tubules?
    c. ) Menstruation: Inflamm? Stromal breakdown?
    d. ) Pregnancy rxn?
    a. ) PCOD: LH: FSH ratio? Leads to? (2) IR? High E1?
A

a. ) E2; Straight
b. ) S shaped
c. ) Yes; yes
d. ) Arias Stella
a. ) 3:1; Hirstuisism/ infertility; yes; endometrial cancer risk

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7
Q
  1. ) Surface Epithelium Tumors:
    a. ) Cystadenoma: Types? 3 options? Benign? Single cyst? Common in who?
    b. ) Cystadenocarcinoma: Types? Complex cyst with what type lining? Common in who?
    - Serous: Cell type? “Straw like”? Papillary? Branching?
    - Mucinous: Size? Abundant what? Types? (2)
    - Increase risk serous with? Marker to track?
    c. ) Endometroid: Like what? Assoc with? Must also check? Can also lead to? Type of cells?
    d. ) Brenner: Type of epithelium?
A

a. ) Serous/mucinous; Benign, malignant, borderline; yes; yes; premeno
b. ) Serous/mucinous; shaggy; post meno
- cuboidal; yes; yes psamomma bodies; heirchal
- Huge; blue mucin; intestinal/fallopian tube
- BRCA 1; CA125
c. ) Endometrium; endometriosus; endometrium; clear cell; hobnail
d. ) Urothelium

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8
Q
  1. ) Germ Cell Tumors: Common in who?
    a. ) Cystic Teratoma: Type of tissue? Common? Layers? Benign but check for? (2) Hyperthyroid? Risk of? Prog?
    b. ) Dysgerminoma: Large cells with? Responds to? Marker? Nuclei?
    c. ) Endometrial Sinus Tumor: Type? Common in who? Marker? Cell? (2)
    d. ) Choriocarcinoma: Type of cells? (2) Quick spread? Hemorrhagic? Marker? Response to chemo?
    e. ) Embryonal: Cell type? Agressive?
A
  • 15-30 yo
    a. ) Fetal; most; 3 embryonal; immature/somatic; struma ovarii; NMDAr enceph; Immature neural
    b. ) Clear cytoplasm; radiotherapy; LDH; squared off
    c. ) Yolk sac; children; AFP; Schiller Duval; Glomeruloid
    d. ) Tropho/syncico; Yes; Yes; poor
    e. ) Primitive; yes
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9
Q

5.) Sex Cord Stroma:
a.) Gran-Theca: Often produce what? Check what? Lead to? (2) Assoc with? Call exner bodies?
b.) Sertoli Leydig: Sertoli does what? Leydig does what? See what? Can lead to?
c.) Fibroma: Benign but can lead to?
Metastatic:
a.) Kruckenberg: Mucinous? Often from? Cells?
b.) Pseudo Peritoni: Mucin? Looks like? Often from?

A

a. ) Estrogen; inhibin; precocious pubery/heavy bleeding; endometrial neoplasm; yes
b. ) Form tubules; androgen; Reinke; hurstuism/viril.
c. ) Pleural effusion/ acites
a. ) Yes; diffue gastric; Signet ring
b. ) Lots; jelly belly; appendix

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10
Q
  1. ) Penis:
    a. ) Condyloma Acuminatum: Due to? Change?
    b. ) SCC due to? (2)
    c. ) 3 precursor lesions? Which are?
    d. ) Verrucus carcinoma: Invade?
A

a. ) Low risk HPV; koilocytic
b. ) High risk HPV; lack of circumcision
c. ) Bowen white plaque on shaft; erythroplasia of Quaret; Bowenoid papulosis; carcinoma in situ
d. ) Locally

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11
Q
  1. ) Testicle: 3 stages?
    a. ) Siminoma: Cells look like? Good prognosis?
    b. ) Embryonal: Cells? Glands? Hemorrhage? Necrose? Marker? Chemo used? Why?
    c. ) Yolk sac: Most common in? Marker? Cells? (2)
    d. ) Choriocarcinoma: Spread via? Marker? Can lead to? (2)
    e. ) Teratoma: Malignant?
    f. ) Sex-cord stromal: Feature? Can lead to? (2)
    g. ) Lymphoma: Common in who?
A
  • 1 only teste; 2 retroperotineal; 3 above diaphragm
    a. ) Fried eggs; yes
    b. ) Primitive; yes; yes; yes; PLAP; no; can differentiate
    c. ) Kids; AFP; Schiller Duval/ glomeruloid
    d. ) Blood; bHCG; hyperthyroid/ gynecomastia
    e. ) In males
    f. ) Reinke/ tubules; percocious/ gynocomastia
    g. ) Older men
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12
Q
  1. ) Prostate:
    a. ) Acute prostatis on exam?
    b. ) Chronic: WBC’s? Cultures?
    c. ) BPH: T to DHT via? PSA?
    d. ) Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: Prolif of? RF? (3) PSA? Gleeson score based on? Often spreads where?
A
  • Boggy
  • Yes; no
  • 5 aromotase; 4-10
  • Glands; Race, age, saturated fats; >10; architecture; osteoblast/ bone
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Life Cycles Unit 1 (3 decks)

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