Pathology Flashcards
*group of lung disease in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed
* making it difficult to breath out
* most often caused by long term smoking
* sixth leading cause of death in the US
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- disease in which the airways become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant
Chronic Bronchitis
*progressive, long-term loss of lung function
* decrease in the total number of alveoli or the enlargement of the remaining alveoli
Emphysema
*chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes
* Often triggered by an allergic reaction
Asthma
Upper Respiratory Diseases
_______
*acute respiratory infection in children and infants
* characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords
_______
*also known as a whooping cough
* Contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract
Coup
Pertussis
Upper Respiratory Diseases
________
*also known as a runny nose
________
* inflammation of the larynx
* used to describe voice loss
Rhinorrhea
Laryngitis
Upper Respiratory Diseases
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* collection of blood in the pleural cavity
_______
* accumulation of air in the pleural space
*results in pressure imbalance that causes the lung to partially or fully collapse
Hemothorax
Pneumothorax
- accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue, especially the alveoli
- often a symptom of heart failure
Pulmonary edema
- infection disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- usually attacks the lungs
- occurs most often in individuals whose immune systems are weekend
tuberculosis
- serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids
- Most commonly caused by an infection and often follows other illnesses
Pneumonia
Breathing Disorders
*shallow or slow respiration
Hypopnea
Breathing Disorders
*abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration usually associated with anxiety
* decreases levels of CO2 in the blood, causing dizziness
Hyperventilation
Breathing Disorders
* breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep
* long enough to cause measurable decrease in blood oxygen
Sleep Apnea
Breathing Disorders
*deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs
Hypoxia
Breathing Disorders
* loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to
* can be caused by choking, drowning, or inhaling gases
Asphyxia
Breathing Disorders
* bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes caused by lack of oxygen
Cyanosis
