Pathology

Question 1

Which clotting factors does heparin influence?

Answer 1

2
9
10
11

Question 2

Which clotting factors does warfarin influence?

Answer 2

2
7
9
10

Question 3

Clotting results in haemophilia

Answer 3

Increased APTT

Question 4

Clotting results in VWD

Answer 4

Increased APTT and bleeding time

Question 5

Clotting results in vitamin K deficiency

Answer 5

Increased APTT and PT

Question 6

Name a disease characterised by multiple lipomas

Answer 6

Dercums disease

Question 7

What test is used to detect carcinoid syndrome?

Answer 7

5-HIAA 24 hour urine collection

Question 8

What hormone do carcinoid tumours secrete?

Answer 8

Serotonin

Question 9

Name the parasite that causes hydatid cysts

Answer 9

Echinococcus granulosus

Question 10

Where are hydatid cysts commonly found?

Answer 10

Liver and lung

Question 11

Which clotting disease causes haemarthrosis without trauma?

Answer 11

Haemophilia

Question 12

Which cancers are associated with Li-Fraumeni Syndrome?

Answer 12

Sarcomas
Leukaemias

Question 13

What is the risk of developing breast cancer with BRCA genes?

Answer 13

60%

Question 14

Which cancers are associated with Lynch syndrome?

Answer 14

Colon
Endometrial
Gastric

Question 15

What is a tumour of the parafollocular cells in the thyroid called?

Answer 15

Medullary carcinoma

Question 16

Which vitamin is important in collagen synthesis?

Answer 16

Vitamin C

Question 17

Which cells make collagen?

Answer 17

Fibroblasts

Question 18

Name a type of tumour that arises from aponeuroses

Answer 18

Desmoid tumours

Question 19

When are Howell Jolly bodies seen?

Answer 19

Asplenics

Question 20

Which coagulation factors are initially consumed in DIC?

Answer 20

V and VIII

Question 21

Describe the blood film changes post splenectomy

Answer 21

Granulocytosis
Reticulocytosis
Lymphocytosis
Thrombocytosis
Howell-Jolly bodies
Pappenheimer bodies
Heinz bodies

Question 22

Histology of papillary thyroid cancer

Answer 22

Papillary projections
Pale empty nuclei
Not encapsulated

Question 23

What are psammona bodies?

Answer 23

Clusters of microcalcification seen in papillary thyroid cancer

Question 24

What cell type is found in desmoid tumours?

Answer 24

Myofibroblasts

Question 25

Which genetic disorder is associated with desmoid tumours?

Answer 25

Familial adenomatous polyposis

Question 26

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is graft vs host diease?

Answer 26

4

Question 27

What is wallerian degeneration?

Answer 27

Process that occurs when peripheral nerve is damaged. Occurs when axon separated from neurons nucleus

Question 28

What causes hydatid cysts?

Answer 28

Tapeworn Echinococcus granulosus

Question 29

What are the features of hydatid cysts?

Answer 29

Urticarial rash Biliary dysfunction Lung symptoms

Question 30

Which pathway is prothombin time measuring?

Answer 30

Extrinsic

Question 31

Which pathway is APTT measuring?

Answer 31

Intrinsic

Question 32

What is the most common brain tumour in children?

Answer 32

Astrocytoma

Question 33

What is the most common primary brain tumour?

Answer 33

Glioma

Question 34

Where are Hassall's corpuscles found?

Answer 34

Thymus

Question 35

Which liver tumours are related to the OCP?

Answer 35

Adenoma

Question 36

What is the most common cause of diaphragm disease?

Answer 36

NSAIDS

Question 37

Which virus is associated with kaposi sarcoma?

Answer 37

HHV 8 HIV

Question 38

What causes osteopetrosis?

Answer 38

Defective osteoclast function

Question 39

What condition are stipple cells found in?

Answer 39

Lead poisoning Haemoglobinopathies

Question 40

What protein is defective in Marfans?

Answer 40

Fibrillin

Question 41

Which type of vasculitis causes upper limb claudication?

Answer 41

Takyasu's

Question 42

What type of colonic lesions are seen in Peutz Jergers syndrome?

Answer 42

Harmartomas

Question 43

What is a Ghon complex seen in?

Answer 43

TB