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ma 115: integumentary systerm > pathology > Flashcards

pathology Flashcards

1
Q

dermatology

A

study of skin; branch of medicine involving diagnosis and treatment of conditions and diseases of the integumentary system

physician is dermatologist

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2
Q

plastic surgery

A

surgical specialty involved in repair, reconstruction, or improvement of body structures such as damaged or misshapen skin

physician is plastic surgeon

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3
Q

abrasion

A

a scraping-away of skin surface by friction

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4
Q

anhidrosis

A

abnormal condition of being without (having no) sweat

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5
Q

comedo

A

collection of hardened sebum in hair follicle; blackhead

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6
Q

contusion

A

injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising; skin is NOT broken

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7
Q

cyst

A

fluid-filled sac under skin

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8
Q

depigmentation

A

without normal skin color or pigment

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9
Q

diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

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10
Q

ecchymosis

A

abnormal condition of skin discoloration caused by blood collecting under the skin following blunt trauma to skin; commonly called a bruise

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11
Q

erythema

A

redness or flushing of skin

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12
Q

erythroderma

A

condition of having reddened or flushed skin

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13
Q

eschar

A

thick layer of dead tissue and tissue fluid that develops over deep bum area

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14
Q

fissure

A

cracklike lesion or groove on skin

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15
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive hair growth over body

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16
Q

hyperemia

A

blood condition resulting in redness of skin due to increased (excessive) blood flow

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17
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

abnormal condition of excessive sweat

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18
Q

hyperpigmentation

A

abnormal, excessive amount of pigmentation in skin

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19
Q

lesion

A

general term for wound, injury, or abnormality

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20
Q

leukoderma

A

skin condition that appears white because normal skin pigment is absent; may be all of the skin or just in some areas

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21
Q

lipoma

A

fatty mass

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22
Q

macule

A

flat, small, discolored flush with skin surface
example: freckle or birthmark

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23
Q

necrosis

A

abnormal condition of death

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24
Q

nevus

A

pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole; usually benign but may become cancerous

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25
Q

nodule

A

small, firm, solid mass of cells in skin larger than 0.5 cm in diameter

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26
Q

onychomalacia

A

abnormal softening of nails

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27
Q

pallor

A

abnormal paleness of skin

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28
Q

papule

A

small, solid, circular raised spot on surface of skin less than 0.5 cm in diameter

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29
Q

petechiae

A

pinpoint purple or red spots from minute hemorrhages under skin; singular is petechia

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30
Q

photosensitivity

A

condition in which skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light, such as UV rays of the sun

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31
Q

pruritus

A

severe itching

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32
Q

purpura

A

hemorrhages into skin due to fragile blood vessels that appear dark brown/purplish; commonly seen in older adults

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33
Q

purulent

A

containing pus or infection that is producing pus; pus consists of dead bacteria, white blood cells, and tissue debris

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34
Q

pustule

A

small, raised spot on skin containing pus

35
Q

pyoderma

A

condition of presence of pus on or in layers of skin; sign of bacterial infection

36
Q

scleroderma

A

condition in which skin has lost its elasticity and become hardened

37
Q

seborrhea

A

oily discharge

38
Q

suppurative

A

containing or producing pus

39
Q

ulcer

A

open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane

40
Q

urticaria

A

skin condition with eruptions that are pale reddish wheals with severe itching; usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions; also called hives

41
Q

vesicle

A

small fluid-filled sac on skin; commonly called a blister

42
Q

wheal

A

small, round, swollen area on skin; typically seen in allergic skin reactions such as hives and usually accompanied by urticaria

43
Q

xeroderma

A

condition in which skin is abnormally dry

44
Q

abscess

A

collection of pus in skin

45
Q

acne rosacea

A

chronic form of acne seen in adults involving redness, tiny pimples, and broken blood vessels, primarily on nose and cheeks

46
Q

acne vulgaris

A

common form of acne seen in teenagers; characterized by comedos, papules, and pustules

47
Q

actinic keratosis

A

abnormal condition of hard, horny, wartlike lesion that develops on sun-damaged skin; may become cancerous

48
Q

albinism

A

genetic condition in which body is unable to make melanin; characterized by white hair and skin and red pupils due to lack of pigment

49
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of basal call layer of epidermis; frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metasizes or spreads( these cancers can arise on sun-exposed skin

50
Q

burn

A

damage to skin that can result from exposure to open fire, electricity, UV light from the sun, or caustic chemicals; seriousness depends on amount of body surface involved and depth of burn as determined by amount of damage to each layer; skin and burns are categorized as first degree (also called superficial) second degree (also called partial thickness) or third degree (full thickness); extent of burn is estimated using Rule of Nines

51
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute infection and inflammation of connective tissue found in skin

52
Q

cicatrix

A

a scar

53
Q

decubitus ulcer

A

open sore caused by pressure over bony prominences cutting off blood flow overlying skin; can appear in bedridden patients who lie in one position too long and can be difficult to heal; also called bedsore or pressure sore

54
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin

55
Q

dermatosis

A

general term indicating presence of abnormal skin condition

56
Q

dry gangrene

A

late stages of gangrene characterized by affected area becoming dried, blackened, and shriveled; referred to as mummified

57
Q

eczema

A

superficial dermatitis of unknown cause accompanied by redness, vesicles, itching, and crusting

58
Q

gangrene

A

tissue necrosis usually due to deficient blood supply

59
Q

ichthyosis

A

abnormal condition in which skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized

60
Q

impetigo

A

highly infectious bacterial infection of skin with pustules that rupture and become crusted over

61
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

a cancerous tumor of the connective tissue (flesh) of skin; frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients; consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from skin and metastasize to internal organs

62
Q

keloid

A

formation of raised and thickened hypertrophic scar after injury or surgery

63
Q

keratosis

A

term for any abnormal skin condition involving hard, horny, overgrowth and thickening of epidermis layer

64
Q

laceration

A

torn of jagged wound; incorrectly used to describe a cut

65
Q

malignant melanoma

A

dangerous form of skin cancer caused by uncontrolled growth of melanocytes; may quickly metastasize or spread to internal organs; the tumor had the characteristic dark brown to black color of melanin

66
Q

monkeypox

A

contagious viral infection that causes flu-like symptoms and a rash with pustules or blisters

67
Q

pediculosis

A

abnormal condition of infestation with lice; eggs laid by lice are called nits and cling tightly to hair

68
Q

pediculosis

A

abnormal condition of infestation with lice; eggs laid by lice are called nits and cling tightly to hair

69
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic inflammatory condition consisting of papules forming “silvery scales” patches with circular borders

70
Q

rubella

A

contagious viral skin infection; commonly called German measles

71
Q

scabies

A

contagious skin disease caused by egg-laying mite that burrows through skin and causes redness and intense itching; often seen in children

72
Q

sebaceous cyst

A

sac under skin filled with sebum or oil from sebaceous gland; can grow to large size and may need to be excised

73
Q

seborrheic keratosis

A

benign hard, wartlike skin growth; often appears waxy, which originally led to thinking they involved sebaceous glands, but they do not

74
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

cancerous tumor of epidermis layer of skin that may invade deeper tissue and metastasize; often begins as sore that does not heal

75
Q

strawberry hemangioma

A

congenital collection (or mass) of dilated blood vessels causing red birthmark that fades a few months after birth

76
Q

systemic lupus erythematosus

A

chronic disease of connective tissue that injures skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membrane; autoimmune condition meaning that’s body’s own immune system attacks normal tissue of body; may produce characteristic red, scaly butterfly rash across cheeks and nose

77
Q

tinea

A

fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions, commonly called ringworm due to its tendency to form raised circular lesions

78
Q

tinea capitis

A

fungal infection of scalp

79
Q

tinea pedis

A

fungal infection of foot; commonly called athlete’s foot

80
Q

varicella

A

contagious viral skin infection; commonly called chickenpox

81
Q

verruca

A

benign growth caused by virus; has rough surface; removed by chemicals and/or laser therapy; commonly called warts

82
Q

vitiligo

A

disappearance of pigment from skin in patches, causing milk-white appearance; also called leukoderma

83
Q

wet gangrene

A

area of gangrene that becomes secondarily infected by pus-producing bacteria

ma 115: integumentary systerm (7 decks)

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