PAthology

Question 1

Neurofibromatosis type 1

Answer 1

plexiform neurofibroma
In children this attracts extra blood circulation, which can accelerate growth of the affected limb.
Schwannoma,
> 6 Cafe au lait spots, axillary freckling, Lisch nodules, Optic glioma. Meningiomas, Glioma, or Schwannoma.

Question 2

Neurofibromatosis type 2

Answer 2

Bilateral vestibular scwannomas
Hearing and balance

Question 3

WHat is mondors disease of breast

Answer 3

narrow cord
thrombophlebitis of vein

Question 4

Hydatid cyst

Answer 4

Echinococcus infection
Typically an intense fibrotic reaction - calcification
The cyst has no epithelial lining
Cysts are commonly unilocular
Typically presents with malaise and right upper quadrant pain.
LFT Derrangement
eosinophilia
Ultrasound may show septa and hyatid sand or daughter cysts.

Question 5

Haemangioma

Answer 5

hyperechoic

Question 6

Liver cell adenoma

Answer 6

They are usually sharply demarcated from normal liver although they usually lack a fibrous capsule
On ultrasound the appearances are of mixed echoity and heterogeneous texture.

Question 7

Amoebic

Answer 7

Ultrasonography will usually show a fluid filled structure with poorly defined boundaries

Question 8

When is fracture callus visible

Answer 8

3 weeks

Question 9

side effects of FFP

Answer 9

Uritcaria