Pathology Flashcards
What is pathology?
This is the study of a disease which includes the structural and functional changes associated with the disease, the study of cause that leads to these diseases, the sequence of events that leads from structural and functional abnormalities to clinical manifestations.
What is etiology???
The study of causes or cause of disease
Explain the disease paradigm simplified
From pathogen—host—environment
What are the sub-divisions of pathology
Experimental pathologist
Anatomical pathologist
Clinical pathologist
Explain the sub-divisions of pathology
Experimental pathologist are scientist that spend most of their time in research
Anatomic pathologist perform autopsies and examine all tissue removed from live patients and examine cell preparation to look for cancer cells
Clinical pathologist analyse various specimen removed from patients such as blood, urine, spinal fluid etc.
What are the 4 manifestations of diseases???
Symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, diagnosis
Explain the 4 manifestations of diseases
Symptoms are evidence of disease perceived by the patients
Signs are physical examinations made by person who examines the patient
Laboratory findings are observations made by tests or special procedures
Diagnosis are assimilation of information from patient’s history, physical examinations and laboratory findings to identify the condition causing the disease.
What is a structural disease?
They are also called organic diseases characterised by the structural changes in the body called legions.
Categories of structural diseases
Genetic diseases
Degenerative and inflammatory diseases
Hyperplastic or neoplastic diseases
What are genetic diseases???
They are caused abnormalities in the genetic makeup at the chromosal or genetic level.
What are Degenerative or inflammatory diseases?
They are caused by force or agent, that destroy cells or intercellular substance, in tissues or cells or may cause body to injure itself by means of inflammatory process.
Causes of injury are???
External agents of injury: chemical substances and microbes
Internal mechanism of injury: vascular insufficiency, immunological reaction, metabolic disturbances
