Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chest > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Most common benign chest wall tumour

A

Lipoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most common pleural neoplasm

A

Mets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Metastasis of pleura most commonly which subtype

A

Adenocarcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Most common cause of pleural effusion over 50

A

1- cardiac

2- mets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Most common primary adult tumour of anterior mediastinum

A

Thymoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most common extragonadal site for GCT

A

Anterior mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Most common cause of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy

A

Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most common posterior mediastinal mass in adults

A

Peripheral nerve sheath tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Neuroblastoma most common extraabdominal location

A

Posterior mediastinum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Most common primary pericardial malignancy

A

Mesothelioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tracheobronchomalacia associations

A

Tracheobronchomegaly, COPD, relapsing polychondirtitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most common cause of emphysema

A

Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Centrilobular emphysema cause

A

Smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Panlobular emphysema cause

A

A antitripsin definciency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Whole lung collapse appearance on lateral X-ray

A

Accentuation of retrosternal space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Benign lesion timeline

A

Less than 1 month more than 18 months

17
Q

Benign lesion HU

A

Less than 15 post IV

18
Q

Optimal modality for superior sulcus tumour

A

MRI

19
Q

Major factors for malignancy

A

Attenuation above 15 HU post IV and interval growth

20
Q

Criteria for respectability of tumour

A

< 3 cm of contact with the mediastinum
<90 degree contact with the aorta
Visible fat between mass and any vital structure

21
Q

Commonest tumour to cavitate

A

Squamous

22
Q

Military Mets

A

Thyroid and Renal

23
Q

LIP associations

A

Sjogrens
Bone marrow transplant
HIV
Castlemans

24
Q

Causes of eggshell nodal calcification

A 
Sarcoidosis 
Silicosis
Hisoptoplasmosis
Lymphoma
Blastomycosis
Amyloidosis
25
Q

Sarcoidosis diagnosis

A

Transbronchial biopsy

26
Q

Stages of sarcoidosis

A 
0 normal
1 lymphadenopathy
2 lymphadenopathy and parenchyma opacification
3 only opacification of parenchyma
4 fibrosis
27
Q

Sjogren most common lung entity

A

Nsip

28
Q

Polymo/dermatomyositis most common presentation

A

Aspiration pneumonia

29
Q

Causes of bilateral upper lobe fibrosis

A 
Sarcoidosis 
Ankylosing spondylitis 
Tb 
ABPA
Histoplasmosis
30
Q

ARDS early manifestations

A

Dense Consolidation
GG consolidation
Bronchial dilatation
Cysts

31
Q

Most common cancer type in pancoast

A

Adenocarcinoma

32
Q

Endobronchial Metastasis

A

Breast, rcc

,thyroid, rectal

33
Q

Signs of active tb

A 
Consolidation
Thick wall cavity
Pleural effusion 
Rim enhancing lymph node
Centrilobular nodules
Clustred nodules
Miliary nodules
34
Q

Bilateral upper lobe fibrosis

A 
A TEA SHOP
A: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
T: tuberculosis
E: extrinsic allergic alveolitis
A: ankylosing spondylitis
S: sarcoidosis
H: histiocytosis
O: occupational (silicosis, berylliosis)
P: pneumoconiosis (coal workers
35
Q

Cavitary lesions causes

A

Mnemonic
C: cancer
lung cancer: most frequently squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
cavitary pulmonary metastasis(es): most frequently SCC
A: autoimmune; granulomas from
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
rheumatoid arthritis (rheumatoid nodules)
V: vascular (both bland and septic pulmonary emboli)
I: infection (bacterial/fungal)
pulmonary abscess
pulmonary tuberculosis
T: trauma - pneumatoceles
Y: youth
CPAM (congenital pulmonary airway malformation)
pulmonary sequestration
bronchogenic cyst

36
Q

Most common cause of SVC obstruction

A

Small cell lung cancer

37
Q

Pulmonary avm associations

A

hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) frequently have PAVMs 1;
hepatic cirrhosis (as part of the hepatopulmonary syndrome)
schistosomiasis
mitral stenosis
trauma
previous cardiac surgery (e.g. Glenn and Fontan procedures for cyanotic congenital heart disease) 7
actinomycosis: thoracic actinomycosis infection
Fanconi syndrome
metastatic thyroid carcinoma
tuberculosis 13,14 (Rasmussen aneurysm)

38
Q

Causes of pulmonary eosinophelia

A

Drugs

antibiotics
nitrofurantoin (which may progress to pulmonary fibrosis)
penicillin
tetracycline
toxins
eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome from contaminated L-tryptophan
toxic oil syndrome
See also: drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS).

Infection
fungal
Aspergillus fumigatus (asthmatic pulmonary eosinophilia)
parasitic
schistosomiasis (50% have pulmonary involvement)
ascaris
Toxocara canis
microfilariasis (tropical eosinophilia)
strongyloidiasis - pulmonary strongyloidiasis

39
Q

Rib notching causes

A

Superior rib notching

abnormal osteoblastic activity
osteogenesis imperfecta
connective tissue diseases
rheumatoid arthritis
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Marfan syndrome
Sjogren syndrome
scleroderma 3
local pressure
abnormal osteoclastic activity
hyperparathyroidism
miscellaneous
neurofibromatosis type 1
restrictive lung disease
poliomyelitis
progeria
abnormal muscle pull

Inferior rib notching
enlarged collateral vessels
coarctation of the aorta (Roesler sign)
interrupted aortic arch
subclavian artery obstruction
Takayasu disease
Blalock-Taussig shunt: involves only upper two rib spaces
arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the chest wall
superior vena cava obstruction with enlarged venous collaterals
pulmonary AVM
tetralogy of Fallot 4
neurogenic tumors
schwannoma (usually single)
neurofibromatosis type 1 (rarely can be superior if neurofibroma is very large)

Superior and inferior rib notching
hyperparathyroidism
neurofibromatosis type 1

Chest (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions