Pathologies (Practical #2) Flashcards
What is the possible diagnosis?
Henry, a 17-year-old student, complains of upper back and neck discomfort, especially after long hours of studying. He exhibits excessive thoracic kyphosis and poor postural control. On examination, he has reduced thoracic extension and weakness in the scapular stabilizers.
Postural Syndrome
What is the possible diagnosis?
Grace, a 30-year-old yoga instructor, complains of intermittent anterior chest pain that is tender to touch. She notes the pain worsens with certain movements and deep breathing. On examination, you find hypermobility of the involved ribs, particularly around ribs 8-10, and hypomobility of adjacent segments.
Costochondritis and Slipping Rib
What is the possible diagnosis?
James, a 75-year-old retiree, presents with sudden onset of intense back pain after lifting a heavy object. He finds it painful to lie flat. He has a history of osteoporosis. On examination, you observe a stooped posture, positive closed-fist percussion sign, and a positive supine sign.
Thoracic Compression Fracture
What is the possible diagnosis?
Ella, a 14-year-old student, comes in with complaints of back discomfort and uneven shoulders noticed by her parents. She has no significant pain but is concerned about her appearance. On examination, she has a positive Adam’s forward bend test, asymmetrical ROM, and a rib hump
Scoliosis
What is the possible diagnosis?
Liam, a 35-year-old chef, reports jaw pain, headaches, and difficulty opening his mouth fully. He also has a history of stress and anxiety. On observation, you notice an early deviation of his jaw during opening. Examination reveals clicking with jaw movement and tenderness on posterolateral palpation.
Temporomandibular Disorder
What is the possible diagnosis?
Sophia, a 50-year-old homemaker, has been dealing with chronic neck and back pain for years. She describes her pain as all-encompassing and feels hopeless about recovery. She has a history of trauma and high stress. During the exam, she demonstrates hyperalgesia and guarded posturing, with pain-limited testing.
Chronic Pain
What is the possible diagnosis?
Oliver, a 40-year-old painter, complains of non-dynatomal arm pain and tingling, particularly after long hours of overhead painting. He also notes swelling in the thoracic outlet area. On examination, you find a positive Roos test, hypermobility of the involved ribs, and weakness in the affected arm.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
What is the possible diagnosis?
Emma, a 68-year-old retiree, reports a gradual onset of bilateral hand numbness and difficulty walking. She also mentions occasional electric shock sensations down her back. During the exam, you observe altered gait, bilateral upper extremity weakness, and a positive Hoffmann reflex.
Myelopathy
What is the possible diagnosis?
Peter, a 30-year-old construction worker, complains of a heavy feeling in his head and dizziness. He has a history of a recent fall. On observation, he is reluctant to move his head and often supports it with his hands. During the exam, the alar ligament test and modified Sharp-Purser test are positive.
Upper Cervical Spine Instability
What is the possible diagnosis?
Nancy, a 52-year-old yoga instructor, presents with a sudden onset of unilateral neck pain and dizziness after a yoga session. She describes the pain as throbbing and unfamiliar. During the exam, she reports dizziness with prolonged neck rotation. She has no history of trauma or infection.
Cervical Artery Dysfunction
What is the possible diagnosis?
Mark, a 55-year-old truck driver, was involved in a rear-end collision two weeks ago and now experiences neck pain and dizziness. He reports feeling anxious about his recovery. On examination, you notice guarded posturing, decreased ROM, and hyperalgesia.
Whiplash Associated Disorder
What is the possible diagnosis?
Alice, a 40-year-old administrative assistant, reports unilateral headaches starting at the base of her skull and worsening with neck movement. She has a history of neck pain and poor posture. During the physical exam, she has restricted ROM in her cervical spine, a positive C1-2 flexion/rotation test, and poor postural control.
Cervicogenic Headache
What is the possible diagnosis?
Linda, a 65-year-old gardener, experiences neck pain with radiation into her left arm, especially after prolonged gardening. She mentions the pain is worse at night. On examination, she exhibits a forward head posture, positive Wainner’s CPR, and weakness in her left arm. Compression tests provoke her symptoms, and she shows decreased sensation in the left arm.
Foraminal Stenosis
What is the possible diagnosis?
David, a 60-year-old retired teacher, complains of persistent neck pain that is worse in the evening. He has a history of degenerative disc disease. On examination, he has a forward head posture, pain late in 3D ROM, and hypomobility with a concordant pain response during segmental testing.
Facet Chondropathy/Synovitis
What is the possible diagnosis?
Linda, a 65-year-old gardener, experiences neck pain with radiation into her left arm, especially after prolonged gardening. She mentions the pain is worse at night. On examination, she exhibits a forward head posture, positive Wainner’s CPR, and weakness in her left arm. Compression tests provoke her symptoms, and she shows decreased sensation in the left arm.
Foraminal Stenosis
