Pathologies for exam 1

Question 1

A cerebellopontine angle lesion is unilateral for which CN?

Answer 1

V, VII, VIII

Question 2

A cavernous sinus lesion is unilateral for which CN?

Answer 2

III, IV, V, and VI

Question 3

Jugular foramen syndrome is combined unilateral for which CN?

Answer 3

IX, X, XI

Question 4

Combined bilateral lesions of which CN would cause bulbar palsy (if LMN)?

Answer 4

X, XI, and XII

Question 5

Combined bilateral lesions of which CN would cause pseudobulbar palsy (if UMN)?

Answer 5

X, XI, XII

Question 6

What is the most common cause of intrinsic brain stem lesion in a younger patient?

Answer 6

MS

Question 7

What is the most common cause of intrinsic brain stem lesion in an older patient?

Answer 7

vascular disease

Question 8

This pathology may be due to tabes dorsalis, MS, or hereditary

Answer 8

primary (simple) optic atrophy

Question 9

This pathology may be due to neuritis, glaucoma, or increased intracranial pressure

Answer 9

secondary optic atrophy

Question 10

This pathology may be caused by tumors at the base of the frontal lobe and is characterized by ipsilateral blindness and anosmia and contralateral papilledema

Answer 10

Foster Kennedy Syndrome

Question 11

This pathology has cerebromacular degeneration with severe mental deficiency occurring in Jewish families and is associated with blinds, optic atrophy, and a dark cherry red spot in place of the macula lutea

Answer 11

Amaurotic familial idiocy (AKA Tay-Sachs disease)

Question 12

This pathology reacts only to accommodation. It has neither a direct or indirect reaction to light. It was once considered pathognomonic of tabes dorsalis (neurosyphilis), but it has now been found to occur as a diabetic complication.

Answer 12

Argyll Robertson pupil

Question 13

this is characterized by a tonic pupillary reaction and the absence of one or more tendon reflexes. the pupil is said to myotonic with a very slow, almost imperceptible contraction to light and in near vision, a slower dilation upon removal of stimuli. People with this syndrome have an abnormal sensitivity to weak solution instilled into the conjunctival sac is demonstrable in affected eyes. tonic pupils will contract, whereas pupils of normal eyes remain unaffected (alder-Scheie test)

Answer 13

Holmes-Adie syndrome

Question 14

An idiopathic syndrome or recurrent, usually sharp, painful facial sensation in the clear distribution of the opthalmic, maxillary, or mandibular divisions of CN V.

Answer 14

trigeminal neuralgia

Question 15

The corneal reflex may be absent in early stages of what pathology?

Answer 15

MS

Question 16

Which part of the face would be spared in unilateral corticobulbar pathway lesions?

Answer 16

forehead musculature (because it is controlled in a bilateral symmetry)