Pathologies Flashcards
subdural hematoma, definition and cause
bleeding between the dura and the arachnoid arachnoid layer; usually from tears in veins in the subdural space
subarachnoid hematoma, definition and cause
bleeding in the major veins and arteries between the pia and arachnoid (an actual space) often from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm
hemorrhage
active, ongoing, bleeding
hematoma
collection of blood in the body’s tissue; management important- clear blood collection
arteriovenous malformation
congenital condition; tangled dilated arteries become connected in a local area; can become large and susceptible to hemorrhage with age
watershed infarct
when cerebral blood supply is weak from multiple cerebral artery systems, then the areas partially supplied by both systems are at risk of ischemia and infarction
watershed infarct associated aphasia
transcortical`
Left MCA superior division
right face and arm weakness, broca’s aphasia, right face and arm sensory loss possible
Left MCA inferior division
wernicke’s aphasia, right visual field deficit, possible right face and arm sensory loss, initial confusion, some right side weakness but no motor deficits
Left MCA deep territory
right pure motor hemiparesis, cortical deficits like aphasia in larger infarcts
Right MCA superior division
left face and arm weakness, left hemineglect of variable extent, possible left face and arm sensory loss
Right MCA inferior division
profound left hemineglect, left visual field and somatosensory deficits, motor neglect with decreased voluntary/ spontaneous initiation of movements on left side, usually normal strength, but some left side weakness may be present, right gaze preference
Right MCA deep territory
left pure motor hemiparesis, cortical deficits like left hemineglect possible in larger infarcts
Right MCA stem
combination of other rights, with left hemiplegia, profound left hemineglect, and other symptomrs, right gaze preference
Left ACA
right leg weakness, right leg sensory loss, grasp reflect, frontal lobe behavioral abnormalities, transcortical aphasia possible, right hemiplegia in larger infarcts possible
Right ACA
left leg weakness, left leg sensory loss, grasp reflex, frontal lobe behavioral abnormalities, left hemineglect possible, left hemiplegia in larger infarcts
Left PCA
right homonymous hemianopia, alexia without agraphic, aphasia, right hemisensory loss, right hemiparesis
right PCA
left homonymous hemianopia, left hemisensory loss and hemiparesis if thalamus and internal capusl included
