Pathological Terminology

Question 1

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

Question 2

Interstitial nephritis

Answer 2

Inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

Question 3

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 3

Kidney stones

Question 4

Nephrotic Syndrome

Answer 4

Group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

Question 5

Polycystic kidney disease

Answer 5

Multiple fluid-filled sacs within and on the kidney

Question 6

Pyelonephritis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

Question 7

Renal cell carcinoma

Answer 7

Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood

Question 8

Renal failure

Answer 8

Decrease in exertion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

Question 9

Renal Hypertension

Answer 9

High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Question 10

Wilms Tumor

Answer 10

Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

Question 11

Bladder cancer

Answer 11

Malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

Question 12

Diabetes Insipidus

Answer 12

Antidiuretic hormone is not secreted or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

Question 13

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 13

Insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its efforts

Question 14

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Answer 14

Measurement of urea levels in blood

Question 15

Creatinine Clearance

Answer 15

Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney

Question 16

CT Urography

Answer 16

X-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney

Question 17

Kidneys, Ureters and bladder

Answer 17

X-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys ureters and bladder

Question 18

Renal Angiography

Answer 18

X-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney

Question 19

Retrograde Pyelogram

Answer 19

X-ray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

Question 20

Voiding Cystourethrogram

Answer 20

X-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

Question 21

Ultrasonography

Answer 21

Imagining of urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves

Question 22

Radioisotope Scan

Answer 22

Image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

Question 23

MRI urography

Answer 23

Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body

Question 24

Cystoscopy

Answer 24

Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope

Question 25

Dialysis

Answer 25

Process of separating nitrogenous waste material from the blood

Question 26

Lithotripsy

Answer 26

Urinary tract stones are crushed

Question 27

Renal Angioplasty

Answer 27

Dilation of narrowed areas in the renal arteries

Question 28

Renal Biopsy

Answer 28

Removal kidney tissue for microscopic examination

Question 29

Renal Transplantation

Answer 29

Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

Question 30

Urinary Catheterization

Answer 30

Passage of a flexible tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder