Pathological Conditions - Neuro Flashcards
What is Aphasia?
Language disability caused by a brain injury
What does aphasia cause?
Difficulty speaking, difficulty understanding, difficulty reading and difficulty writing
What is the difference between aphasia and dysphasia?
They are the same thing!
In most cases, what side of the brain is Broca’s area?
Left
What is Broca’s area responsible for?
Speech production
What is Wernicke’s area responsible for?
Word recognition
What are the 6 types of aphasia/dysphasia?
Global
Expressive/Broca’s
Fluent/receptive/Wernicke’s
Mixed/non-fluent
Anomic
Primary Progressive (PPA)
What is global aphasia?
Most severe form
Indicated damage to multiple areas of the brain (injury, tumour etc) Cognitive function preserved but significant loss of language and comprehension
Can, however, communicate and/or recognise communication
What is expressive/Broca’s aphasia?
Severely reduced language
Sentences of 3-4 words
Can usually understand what is being spoken
*Brain tumour patients often present with
What is fluent/receptive/Wernicke’s aphasia?
Loss of language comprehensibility
Can form sentences but will often not make sense (patient thinks they are making sense)
What is fluent/receptive/Wernicke’s aphasia?
Similar to Broca’s but comprehension is impacted
What is anomic aphasia?
Inability to find words person wants to say, often significant verbs or nouns
What is primary progressive aphasia (PPA)?
A progressive and gradual deterioration of language and comprehension (degenerative brain disease – dementia or Alzheimer’s)
What does TIA stand for?
Transient Ischaemic Attack
What is a Transient Ischaemic Attack?
‘mini stroke’ - temporary blockage
What does CVA stand for?
Cerebral Vascular Accident
What is a Cerebral Vascular Accident?
‘major stroke’