Pathologic Terms Flashcards by Raisa Reyes

A disease that increases the normal density of a tissue and requires increase in the exposure technique (e.g. pleural effusion)

Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘E’
Two words: Starts ‘S’ Ends ‘E’

ADDITIVE / SCLEROTIC DISEASE

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Absence of tumor cell differentiation; loss of cellular organization

Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘A’

ANAPLASIA

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Disease process that do not produce symptoms

Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘C’

ASYMPTOMATIC

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A generalised decrease in cell size

Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘Y’

ATROPHY

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An antibody produced by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individual’s own proteins

Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘Y’

AUTO ANTIBODY

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A disease in which the body produces antibodies that attack its own tissue

Hint:
Two Words: Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘E’

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE

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BENIGN or MALIGNANT NEOPLASM?

A localised tumor of well differentiated cell that does not invade surrounding tissue or metastasize to distant areas within the body

BENIGN NEOPLASM

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A malignant growth composed of epithelial cells that tends to invade surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases

Hint:
Starts ‘C’ Ends ‘A’

CARCINOMA

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ACUTE or CHRONIC disease?

Manifest slowly and last for a very long time (e.g. Multiple sclerosis)

CHRONIC DISEASE

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ACUTE or CHRONIC disease?

A quick onset and last for a short period of time(e.g. Pneumonia)

ACUTE DISEASE

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The study of disease that can cause abnormalities in the structure or function of various organ systems

Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘Y’

PATHOLOGY

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Means lack of ease
The pattern of response of the body to some form of injury

Hint:
Starts ‘D’ Ends ‘E’

DISEASE

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Types of Diseases:

H
T
I
V
M

Hereditary
Traumatic
Infectious
Vascular
Metabolic

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It refers to sequence of events producing cellular changes, leads to observable changes (manifestation)

Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘S’

PATHOGENESIS

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SIGNS or SYMPTOMS:

Patient’s perception of a disease
Subjective manifestation
Only patient can identify

SYMPTOMS

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SIGNS or SYMPTOMS:

Detected by the physician during examination
Objective Manifestation

SIGNS

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Group of Signs and Symptoms

Hint:
Starts ‘S’ Ends ‘E’

SYNDROME

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The study of cause of a diseas

Hint:
Starts ‘E’ Ends ‘Y’

ETIOLOGY

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Common agents of disease:

B
T
C
H
P

Bacteria
Trauma
Chemical Agents
Heat
Poor nutrition

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Disease acquired from the environment (hospital)

Hint:
Two words: Starts ‘N’ Ends ‘E’

NOSOCOMIAL DISEASE

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Adverse response to medical Treatment itself

Hint:
Two Words’ Starts ‘I’ Ends ‘N’

IATROGENIC REACTION

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An Acute illness followed by lasting effects (e.g. Stroke)

SEQUELAE

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ASYMPTOMATIC vs. IDIOPATHIC:

Disease processes that do not produce symptoms

ASYMPTOMATIC

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ASYMPTOMATIC vs. IDIOPATHIC:

A disease processes with no cuasive factor can be identified

IDIOPATHIC

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DIAGNOSIS or PROGNOSIS: The identification of a disease

DIAGNOSIS

DIAGNOSIS or PROGNOSIS: The predicted course and outcome of a disease

PROGNOSIS

The study of structure of cells or tissue Hint: Starts 'M' Ends 'Y'

MORPHOLOGY

The investigation of disease in large groups Caused by: Environmental Social Biologic Hint: Starts 'E' Ends 'Y'

EPIDEMIOLOGY

PREVALENCE or INCIDENCE: It refers to the total number of cases found in a given population.

PREVALENCE

PREVALENCE or INCIDENCE: It refers to the number of new cases found in a given period

INCIDENCE

EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC: High prevalence of a disease in an area where causative organism is commonly found

ENDEMIC

EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC: High prevalence of disease over a large area

PANDEMIC

EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC: A sudden, widespread occurrence of a disease

EPIDEMIC

NOSOCOMIAL or COMMUNITY ACQUIRED: Disease acquired in health care facilities

NOSOCOMIAL

NOSOCOMIAL or COMMUNITY ACQUIRED: Disease acquired outside the health care facilities

COMMUNITY ACQUIRED

Initial response of body tissues to local injuries Hint: Two Words: Starts 'A' Ends 'N'

ACUTE INFLAMMATION

Acute Inflammation Five Clinical Signs: ``` R C T D L ```

``` Rubor (Redness) Calor (Heat) Tumor (Swelling) Dolor (Pain) Loss of function ```

Produces heat and redness Hint: Starts 'H' Ends 'A'

HYPEREMIA

A process wherein WBC engulf and enzymatic ally digest infecting organisms and cellular debris Hint: Starts 'P' Ends 'S'

PHAGOCYTOSIS

A combination of young, budding capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts which produce collagen Hint: Two Words: Starts 'G' Ends 'E

GRANULATION TISSUE

A connective tissue fiber Hint: Starts 'C' Ends 'N'

COLLAGEN

A protruding, tumor like scar caused by the accumulation of excessive amount of collagen Hint: Starts 'K' Ends 'D'

KELOID

- A thickyellow fluid - Contacts dead WBC, inflammatory exudate and bacteria Hint: Starts 'P' Ends 'S'

PUS

An inflammation associated with pus formation Hint: Starts 'S' Ends 'E'

SUPPARATIVE

A localised collection of pus Hint: Starts 'A' Ends 'S'

ABSCESS

A distinct pattern seen in relatively few diseases (e.g. TB, Syphilis & Sarcoidosis) Hint: Two Words: Starts 'G' Ends 'N'

GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION

A localised area of chronic inflammation often with central necrosis Hint: Starts 'G' Ends 'A'

GRANULOMA

EXUDATE or TRANSUDATE: - Protein-rich fluid - Not clear (water, pus, blood) - High cell count

EXUDATE

EXUDATE or TRANSUDATE: - Low-protein fluid - Clear (water) - Low Cell Count

TRANSUDATE

The accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intracellular tissue spaces or body cavity Hint: Starts 'E' Ends 'A'

EDEMA

Generalised accumulation of fluid with pronounce Swelling of subcutaneous tissues throughout the body Hint: Starts 'A' Ends 'A'

ANASARCA

ISCHEMIA or INFARCTION: Refers to the interference with the blood supply to the organ or part of an organ that deprives cells or tissues of oxygen and nutrients

ISCHEMIA

ISCHEMIA or INFARCTION: A localised area of ischemic necrosis (death) within tissue or organ produced by occlusion of its arterial supply or its venous drainage

INFARCTION

Rupture of a blood vessel (artery or vein) Hint: Starts 'H' Ends 'E'

HEMORRHAGE

Accumulation of blood within the body tissues or body cavity Hint: Starts 'H' Ends 'A'

HEMATOMA

Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity: Accumulation of blood in the thoracic cavity

HEMOTHORAX

Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity: Accumulation of blood in the thoracic cavity

HEMOTHORAX

Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity: Accumulation of blood in the precardial cavity

HEMOPERICARDOUM

Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity: Accumulation of blood in the: peritoneal cavity

HEMIPERITONEUM

Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity: Accumulation of blood in the joint space

HEMARTHROSIS

Hemorrhages in the Skin: Minimal Hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membrane or serosal surface

PETECHIAE

Hemorrhages in the Skin: Slightly larger Hemorrhages

PURPURA

Hemorrhages in the Skin: A large (greater than 1-2 cm) subcutaneous hematoma or bruise

ECCHYMOSIS