Pathologic Terms Flashcards
A disease that increases the normal density of a tissue and requires increase in the exposure technique (e.g. pleural effusion)
Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘E’
Two words: Starts ‘S’ Ends ‘E’
ADDITIVE / SCLEROTIC DISEASE
Absence of tumor cell differentiation; loss of cellular organization
Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘A’
ANAPLASIA
Disease process that do not produce symptoms
Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘C’
ASYMPTOMATIC
A generalised decrease in cell size
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Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘Y’
ATROPHY
An antibody produced by the immune system that is directed against one or more of the individual’s own proteins
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Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘Y’
AUTO ANTIBODY
A disease in which the body produces antibodies that attack its own tissue
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Two Words: Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘E’
AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
BENIGN or MALIGNANT NEOPLASM?
A localised tumor of well differentiated cell that does not invade surrounding tissue or metastasize to distant areas within the body
BENIGN NEOPLASM
A malignant growth composed of epithelial cells that tends to invade surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases
Hint:
Starts ‘C’ Ends ‘A’
CARCINOMA
ACUTE or CHRONIC disease?
Manifest slowly and last for a very long time (e.g. Multiple sclerosis)
CHRONIC DISEASE
ACUTE or CHRONIC disease?
A quick onset and last for a short period of time(e.g. Pneumonia)
ACUTE DISEASE
The study of disease that can cause abnormalities in the structure or function of various organ systems
Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘Y’
PATHOLOGY
Means lack of ease
The pattern of response of the body to some form of injury
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Starts ‘D’ Ends ‘E’
DISEASE
Types of Diseases:
H T I V M
Hereditary Traumatic Infectious Vascular Metabolic
It refers to sequence of events producing cellular changes, leads to observable changes (manifestation)
Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘S’
PATHOGENESIS
SIGNS or SYMPTOMS:
- Patient’s perception of a disease
- Subjective manifestation
- Only patient can identify
SYMPTOMS
SIGNS or SYMPTOMS:
- Detected by the physician during examination
- Objective Manifestation
SIGNS
Group of Signs and Symptoms
Hint:
Starts ‘S’ Ends ‘E’
SYNDROME
The study of cause of a diseas
Hint:
Starts ‘E’ Ends ‘Y’
ETIOLOGY
Common agents of disease:
B T C H P
Bacteria Trauma Chemical Agents Heat Poor nutrition
Disease acquired from the environment (hospital)
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Two words: Starts ‘N’ Ends ‘E’
NOSOCOMIAL DISEASE
Adverse response to medical Treatment itself
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Two Words’ Starts ‘I’ Ends ‘N’
IATROGENIC REACTION
An Acute illness followed by lasting effects (e.g. Stroke)
SEQUELAE
ASYMPTOMATIC vs. IDIOPATHIC:
Disease processes that do not produce symptoms
ASYMPTOMATIC
ASYMPTOMATIC vs. IDIOPATHIC:
A disease processes with no cuasive factor can be identified
IDIOPATHIC
DIAGNOSIS or PROGNOSIS:
The identification of a disease
DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSIS or PROGNOSIS:
The predicted course and outcome of a disease
PROGNOSIS
The study of structure of cells or tissue
Hint:
Starts ‘M’ Ends ‘Y’
MORPHOLOGY
The investigation of disease in large groups
Caused by:
Environmental
Social
Biologic
Hint:
Starts ‘E’ Ends ‘Y’
EPIDEMIOLOGY
PREVALENCE or INCIDENCE:
It refers to the total number of cases found in a given population.
PREVALENCE
PREVALENCE or INCIDENCE:
It refers to the number of new cases found in a given period
INCIDENCE
EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC:
High prevalence of a disease in an area where causative organism is commonly found
ENDEMIC
EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC:
High prevalence of disease over a large area
PANDEMIC
EPIDEMIC or PANDEMIC or ENDEMIC:
A sudden, widespread occurrence of a disease
EPIDEMIC
NOSOCOMIAL or COMMUNITY ACQUIRED:
Disease acquired in health care facilities
NOSOCOMIAL
NOSOCOMIAL or COMMUNITY ACQUIRED:
Disease acquired outside the health care facilities
COMMUNITY ACQUIRED
Initial response of body tissues to local injuries
Hint:
Two Words: Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘N’
ACUTE INFLAMMATION
Acute Inflammation Five Clinical Signs:
R C T D L
Rubor (Redness) Calor (Heat) Tumor (Swelling) Dolor (Pain) Loss of function
Produces heat and redness
Hint:
Starts ‘H’ Ends ‘A’
HYPEREMIA
A process wherein WBC engulf and enzymatic ally digest infecting organisms and cellular debris
Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘S’
PHAGOCYTOSIS
A combination of young, budding capillaries and actively proliferating fibroblasts which produce collagen
Hint:
Two Words: Starts ‘G’ Ends ‘E
GRANULATION TISSUE
A connective tissue fiber
Hint:
Starts ‘C’ Ends ‘N’
COLLAGEN
A protruding, tumor like scar caused by the accumulation of excessive amount of collagen
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Starts ‘K’ Ends ‘D’
KELOID
- A thickyellow fluid
- Contacts dead WBC, inflammatory exudate and bacteria
Hint:
Starts ‘P’ Ends ‘S’
PUS
An inflammation associated with pus formation
Hint:
Starts ‘S’ Ends ‘E’
SUPPARATIVE
A localised collection of pus
Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘S’
ABSCESS
A distinct pattern seen in relatively few diseases (e.g. TB, Syphilis & Sarcoidosis)
Hint:
Two Words: Starts ‘G’ Ends ‘N’
GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION
A localised area of chronic inflammation often with central necrosis
Hint:
Starts ‘G’ Ends ‘A’
GRANULOMA
EXUDATE or TRANSUDATE:
- Protein-rich fluid
- Not clear (water, pus, blood)
- High cell count
EXUDATE
EXUDATE or TRANSUDATE:
- Low-protein fluid
- Clear (water)
- Low Cell Count
TRANSUDATE
The accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid in the intracellular tissue spaces or body cavity
Hint:
Starts ‘E’ Ends ‘A’
EDEMA
Generalised accumulation of fluid with pronounce Swelling of subcutaneous tissues throughout the body
Hint:
Starts ‘A’ Ends ‘A’
ANASARCA
ISCHEMIA or INFARCTION:
Refers to the interference with the blood supply to the organ or part of an organ that deprives cells or tissues of oxygen and nutrients
ISCHEMIA
ISCHEMIA or INFARCTION:
A localised area of ischemic necrosis (death) within tissue or organ produced by occlusion of its arterial supply or its venous drainage
INFARCTION
Rupture of a blood vessel (artery or vein)
Hint:
Starts ‘H’ Ends ‘E’
HEMORRHAGE
Accumulation of blood within the body tissues or body cavity
Hint:
Starts ‘H’ Ends ‘A’
HEMATOMA
Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity:
Accumulation of blood in the thoracic cavity
HEMOTHORAX
Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity:
Accumulation of blood in the thoracic cavity
HEMOTHORAX
Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity:
Accumulation of blood in the precardial cavity
HEMOPERICARDOUM
Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity:
Accumulation of blood in the: peritoneal cavity
HEMIPERITONEUM
Type of Hemorrhage in the Body Cavity:
Accumulation of blood in the joint space
HEMARTHROSIS
Hemorrhages in the Skin:
Minimal Hemorrhages into the skin, mucous membrane or serosal surface
PETECHIAE
Hemorrhages in the Skin:
Slightly larger Hemorrhages
PURPURA
Hemorrhages in the Skin:
A large (greater than 1-2 cm) subcutaneous hematoma or bruise
ECCHYMOSIS