pathogens and transmission

Question 1

what is a pathogen and what are the four types

how do they cause disease

Answer 1

pathogen is a microorganism that causes disease and live in/on a host
-Bacteria
-Virus
-Protoctista
-fungi

Cause disease by damaging cells or producing toxins

Question 2

What are examples of bacterial communicable diseases in plants and animals?

Answer 2

tuberculosis (animals, humans)

Ringrot (potatoes, tomatoes)
meningitis

Question 3

What are examples of viral communicable diseases in plants and animals?

Answer 3

HIV aids (human)

Influenza (animals)

Tobacco mosaic virus (plants)

Question 4

what are some examples of proticista communicable disease

Answer 4

Malaria

Potato, tomato, late blight

Question 5

What are some examples of fungal communicable diseases?

Answer 5

Black sigatoka (bananas)
ring worm
Athletes foot ( human)

Question 6

what are the causative organism of tuberculosis, ringrot, influenza, potato blight, black sigatoka, athletes foot and malaria?

Answer 6

tuberculosis - mycobacterium tuberculosis

ringrot- clavibacter michiganensis

influenza- orthomyxoviridae

potato blight- phytophthora infestans

black sigatoka- mycosphaerella fijiensis

athletes foot- tinia pedia

malaria -plasmodium falciparum

Question 7

What are ways that communicable diseases, transmitted and examples?

Answer 7

Direct
-Direct physical contact, e.g. athletes foot
-faecal oral e.g. cholera
-inoculation(animal bites) and ingestion
-Spores, e.g. tetanus

Indirect
-Vector, e.g. malaria from female, anopheles mosquito
-Droplet infection, e.g. tuberculosis
-fomites (dirty bedding, objects

Question 8

what are the modes of transport for plants?

Answer 8

direct:
-direct contact e.g ringrot, TMV, blights and black sigatoka

indirect:
-contaminated soil
-vectors e.g wind water animals

Question 9

What is social factors affect transmission of communicable diseases?

Answer 9

climate
Overcrowding
Homelessness
Poor ventilation
Poor hygiene and health