Pathogen Profiles

Question 1

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Answer 1

rod shaped, gram neg, causes UTI, respiratory disease in CF patients and GI infections

very diverse, gene mutations cause resistance

ubiquitous

Question 2

Yersinia Pestis

Answer 2

gram neg

replicates in macrophages and causes them to lyse and lymph nodes to explode

use fleas as vectors of infection

evades by removing 2 acyl chains that avoid TLR 4

temperature virulent at 37 C

only bac with FI pilus expressed at 37 C

YadA and invasin used for adhesion

injects yops into cell via injectosome

Question 3

Listeria Monocytogenes

Answer 3

gram +, in soft cheeses and raw milk

reproduces inside host cell, possess LPS even though its pos

can manipulate host actin cytoskeleton

NAG turned into glucosamine by PgdA (enzyme)

evades by modification of NAG, glycosylation , + surface charge

Inl A and Inl B bind to receptors E-cadherin and Met

mice are immune cuz single aa change in E-cadherin

Question 4

Heliobacter Pylori

Answer 4

evades by dephosphorylation, removal of neg phosphate charge, 2 fewer lipid A tails

Question 5

Vibrio Cholera

Answer 5

evasion: addition of diglycine decrease AMP sens

Type 4 pili. AB5 toxin using type 2

1. colonizes small intestine at GM1 receptor
2. toxin follows retrograde (Endo to GA to ER) KDEL sequence act as ER retention
3. A subunit leaves by sec61 transport
   ADP ribosylation of stimG overstimulates cAMP, overaction of pKa, massive Cl efflux causes diarrhea

Question 6

Campylobacter Jejuni

Answer 6

uses molecular mimicry causing autoimmune disorders

Question 7

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

Answer 7

use type 4 pili and twitching motility

heavily glycosylated to evade

Question 8

Neisseria Meningitidis

Answer 8

binds to DNA via ComP

leads to horizontal gene transfer

Question 9

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Answer 9

sore throat fever

encodes 6 sortase genes (catalyze pili covalent linkage)

1. binds to liver cells
2. RME
3. AB subunit cleaved, B released
4. A goes to cytoplasm
5. binds to EF2, halts translation and kills cell

Question 10

Borrelia Burgdorferi

Answer 10

lives w/o Fe (has eliminated genes), uses Mn instead

Question 11

UPEC

Answer 11

1. fimbrae link to epilethial cells
2. RHO dependent GTPase promotes pahgocytosis
   3a. replication in phagosome and exocytosis
   3b. vesicle lysed, oxin released (alphahemolysin) get Fe
   3c. encased in actin, viable for months
3. (only from 3b) release of pathogens once access to nutrients is gained

T1SS, secretes alpha hemolysin allowing further colonization of UT

Question 12

Bordetella petussis

Answer 12

whooping cough, type 4 sec sys, ADP ribosylating AB5

inhibitory Gi is inhibited which inhibits cAMP, supress cytokine release and increase insulin release

Question 13

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Answer 13

T7SS
phagocytosed by macrophages and replicate in them, then enter lymph nodes
inhibits phagosome maturation, prevents inflammation

Question 14

T1SS

Answer 14

ABC to MFP to OM in 1 step, unfolded proteins, UPEC

Question 15

T2SS

Answer 15

2 step, proteins, aka Sec dependent, goes through Sec through periplasm, only in Gram - , pusedomonas

Question 16

T3SS

Answer 16

the injectosome, goes through 3 membranes, CM,OM, and target, Yops yersisnia, exoT and exoS of Pseudomonas

Question 17

T5SS

Answer 17

sec or tat through IM then through beta barrel in OM, YadA yersinia, VacA h.pylori, VpaG of UPEC

Question 18

T6SS

Answer 18

phage like syringe through 3 membranes v.cholera, p.aerugenosa

Question 19

T7SS

Answer 19

we dont know virulence link, in Mycobacterium tuberculosis