PATHO TEST 2 Flashcards
General swelling of the body due to tissue fluid retention
Anasarca
Failure of the kidneys to produce urine
Anuria
Azotemia
Presence of uremia and other excess nitrogen in the blood
Calculi
Hard mineral/salt deposits in the kidneys
A treatment that helps your body remove extra fluid and waste products from your blood when the kidneys are not able to
Dialysis
An electrolyte solution used in dialysis to remove waste products from the blood
Dialystate
Sensation of pain or itching of the urethra or urethral meatus associated with urination
Dysuria
excessive urination more than usual
Polyuria
Glucose in urine
Glucosuria
Blood in urine
Hematuria
The action of urinating
Micturition
A condition that causes you to wake up during the night to urinate
Nocturia
Decreased urine production
Oliguria
A bone disease that occurs in adults and children with chronic kidney disease
Osteodystrophy
Proteins in urine
Proteinuria
Pus in urine
Pyuria
Type of pain caused by urinary stones or UTI
Renal Colic
Situated behind the peritoneum
Retroperitoneally
A smooth triangular region of the internal urinary bladder formed by the two ureteric orifices and the internal urethral meatus
Trigone
Occurs at the barrier between blood and the filtrate in the glomerular capsule (Bowman’s capsule) in the kidneys
Ultrafiltration
Sudden urgency / sensation to pee
Urgency
secreted by the posterior putuitary gland and controls the reabsorption of water by altering the permeability of the distal convuluted tubule and collecting duct
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Secreted by the adrenal cortex and controls sodium and water reabsorption
Aldosterone
Hormone released by the heart that reduces the absorption of sodium and fluid in the kidneys
Atrial Natriuretic Hormone (ANH)
Small and local adjustments in the diameter of the vessel that is made in response to changes in blood flow to the kidneys
Autoregulation
Increases vasoconstriction in both arterioles when stimulated.
Sympathetic Nervous system
Secreted when blood flown in the afferent arteriole is reduced
Renin
Loss of voluntary control of the bladder
Incotinence
Involuntary urination by a child after the age of 4-5 years (mostly nocturnal)
Enuresis
Incontinence that results from an incompetence bladder sphincter.
Overflow Incontinence
Dialysis that is provided in a hospital or a centre -> Blood moves from an implanted shunt into a machine where the exchange of wastes, fluid, and electrolytes takes place
Hemodialysis
At-home dialysis treatment through the peritoneal cavity
(potential complication of peritonitis)
Peritoneal Dialysis
Infection, most commonly caused by E.Coli of the urinary tract.
UTI
Infection/inflammation of 1 or more kidney
Pyelonephritis
