PATH Vasculitis Flashcards
Most common symptom in Temporal Arteritis.
Headache
Who gets GCA?
Elderly white females of Northern European ancestry
Half of patients with GCA have what disesae?
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
What are the three components of polymyalgia rheumatica?
(1) proximal muscle aches and stiffness
(2) elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
(3) rapid resolution of symptoms with
low-dose corticosteroid therapy
What words describe the inflammation of temporal (giant cell) arteritis?
(1) Segmental
(2) Transmural
(3) Granulomatous with multinucleated giant cell centering on internal elastic lamina (destroying it)
If you biopsy an artery to test for GCA, what do you do if it is negative?
Don’t rule it out! Segmental so false negatives are common
Why is the fact that GCA is transmural important?
causes lumen narrowing (the big danger)
How do you treat GCA?
High dose steroids (prednisone)
GCA is pathologically similar to what disease?
Takayasu Arteritis
What are the fatal components of Kawasaki disease?
aneurysms and thrombosis
Who gets Kawasaki disease?
Asian children less than 4
Describe the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity angiitis.
Neutrophils are the initial infiltrate that break down and cause leukocytoclasia (dispersing nuclear dust)
What vessels are affected by hypersensitivity angiitis?
capillaries and post-capillary venules
What is a characteristic finding of hypersensitivity angiitis?
all in the same phase!
What are the characteristics of polyarteritis nodosa pathology?
Nodular feature in pathology + fibrinoid nicrosis
Where in the medium sized vessels does polyarteritis nodosa occur?
artery branchpoints
Why are the lesions in polyarteritis nodosa all at different stages?
they do NOT present early, they present once the disease has been progressing longer (because early lesions have started to heal and later lesions have just begun_
Who gets takayasu arteritis?
young (<40), Asian females
What arteries are affected by takayasu arteritis?
aorta or major branches
WILL NOT GO BELOW THE CHEST
What vessels are affected mosly by Buerger disease?
radial and tibial (medium and small sized aretery)
Who gets Buerger disease?
SMOKERS around 35 years old, south Asia
True or false: Wegener’s also involves veins.
TRUE!
What ANCA is associated with Wegener’s?
PR3 (C-ANCA)
What disease has increased ACE and also has Lupus-like qualities?
Sarcoidosis
