Path Soc Microbiology

Question 1

What is a Ghon focus?

Answer 1

Caseating Granuloma, usually located in the upper/middle zones of the lung in latent Tb

Question 2

What are risk factors for development of MNon-tuberculous mycobacteria?

Answer 2

> 65

Question 3

What two tyoes of lepropsy does Mycobacteriao leprae cause?

Answer 3

1. Paucibacillary tuberculoid
3. Multibacillary lepromatous

Question 4

What does Mycobacteria ulceranus cause? How is it transmitted?

Answer 4

• slow growing
• insect transmission/ bite
• Usually insect bite –> nodule –> ulcer

Question 5

Which non-tuberculous mycobacteria are fast growing?

Answer 5

• Mycobacterium abscessus
• Mycobacterium chelonae
• mycobacterium fortutium

Question 6

What investigations are done for TB?

Answer 6

CXR and CT

Diagnostic
1. x3 sputum cultures (long time)
2. NAAT: for drug resistance
3. Microbiology: Ziehl-Neelson/auramine stain –> acid facst bacilli
4. Culture: Lowenstein - Jensen medium for 6weeks is gold standard –> gram +ve non-motile rod-shaped bacilli

Question 7

What are the main side effects for each of the TB drugs?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the gold standart test for testing of latent TB?

Answer 8

IGRA

Question 9

What is the treatment for bacterial meningitis in children?

Answer 9

For meningococcla meningitis
<3 months: cefatexime
>3months: ceftriaxone

Due to risk of biliary sludging in children under 3 months

Question 10

What is the most common organism causing prosthetic joint infection?

Answer 10

Coagulase +ve staph
staph aureus and others

Question 11

What is the management of prosthetic joint replacement?

Answer 11

IV ABx
remove prosthesis and revise placement

Question 12

What is the most common cause of