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Renal II > Path buzz words > Flashcards

Path buzz words Flashcards

1
Q

Lumpy bumpy/humps

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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2
Q

+ serum antistreptolysin (ASO) titers and streptozyme test

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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3
Q

What strains are seen in Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

A

Beta hemolytic: types 12, 4, or 1

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4
Q

IF shows IgM, IgG, and C3

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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5
Q
  1. Glomerular hypercellularity

2. Leukocyte infiltration

A

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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6
Q
  1. Capillary basement membrane thickening
  2. Diffuse Mesangial sclerosis
  3. Nodular glomerulosclerosis
A

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis/nephropathy

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7
Q

Malignant nephrosclerosis

A

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis/nephropathy

Renal disease associated with malignant or accelerated hypertension

Will have fibrinoid necrosis in the afferent arteriole
and hyperplastic arteriolitis “onion-skin” lesion

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8
Q

early findings of microalbuminuria and elevated GFR

A

Diabetic glomerulosclerosis/nephropathy

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9
Q

Fatty casts

A

Minimal Change disease

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10
Q

Anti-phospholipase A2 receptor Abs

A

membranous glomerulonephropathy

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11
Q

Spikes

A

membranous glomerulonephropathy

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12
Q
  1. Effaced foot processes
  2. Thickening of the basement membrane
  3. Accumulation of immunoglobulin deposits
A

membranous glomerulonephropathy

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13
Q

HIV positive pts

A

Collapsing glomerulosclerosis, a type of FSGS

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14
Q

large cysts surrounded by mesenchyme

A

Cystic renal dysplasia

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15
Q

Medullary cysts concentrated to the corticomedullary junction

A

Nephronophthisis- medullary cystic disease complex

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16
Q

Types of RPGN

A

Type I: Anti-GBM. Linear
Type II- Immune complex. Granular.
Type III- pauci immune. None

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17
Q

EM- wrinkled and ruptured BM

A

RPGN

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18
Q

nephritic nephrotic syndrome

A

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

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19
Q

Tram track

A

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

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20
Q

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis types

A

Type I: immune complex IgG + C3. Subendothelial. Occurs with hepatitis C with cryoglobulinemia

Type II: C3 nephritic factor. Intramembranous.
35% of pts develop acute nephritic syndrome

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21
Q

Effectively treated my corticosteroids

A

minimal change disease

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22
Q

Alternating thickening and thinning

A

Alports

23
Q

Urea-splitting bacteria

A

Struvite stones made of magnesium phosphate

24
Q

VHL gene

A

Renal cell carcinoma

25
Q

Thyroidization

A

chronic pyelonephritis

26
Q

Inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells, and no neutrophils

A

chronic cystitis

27
Q

Shistocytes

A

HUS

28
Q

40% of this is associated with step pneumo

A

atypical HUS

29
Q

ADAMTS

A

TTP

30
Q

factor H

A

atypical HUS

31
Q

Fibrocystin

A

autosomal recessive polycystic disease

32
Q

mesangial proliferation

A

MPGN

33
Q

granulomatous vasculitis

A

RPGN Type III

34
Q

Chronic immune complex deposition disease

A

Membranous glomerulonephropathy

35
Q

nephrin

A

FSGN

36
Q

papillary necrosis

A

analgesic nephropathy

37
Q

leukemia

A

uric acid stone

38
Q

Stage 3 GFR

A

30-59

39
Q

Signs of chronic renal disease

A
  1. HTN, edema, CHF
  2. Bone disease
  3. Anemia
  4. Isosthenuria and broad waxy casts
  5. Acidosis
  6. Hyperkalemia
  7. Progressive azotemia over months to years
    a. End stage: fatigue, weakness, malaise, nausea, vomiting
  8. Paresthesias
  9. B/l small kidneys
40
Q

ventriculoperitoneal shunt

A

post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

41
Q

What do the humps contain?

A

IgG and C3. Deposited on subepithelial side

42
Q

Diseases that IgA deposits can also be seen in

A

hepatic cirrhosis
HIV
CMV
Celiac disease

43
Q

Hepatitis C is associated with…

A
  1. Immune complex mediated MPGN (nephritic, type I)
  2. Mixed Cryoglobulinemic GN (nephritic)
  3. Membranous Nephropathy (nephrotic)
44
Q

Low C3

A

MPGN

45
Q

Dense ribbon-like deposits

A

MPGN

46
Q

Treatment for nephritic diseases

A
  1. Treat hypertension and proteinuria with ACE inhibitor
  2. Add methylprednisolone for proteinuria > 1gm/d and GFR > 70 mL/min
  3. Add cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil for GFR
47
Q

APOL1 gene

A

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

48
Q

Kimmelstiel-Wilson

A

Diabetic nephropathy

49
Q

Chronic tubulointerstitial disease characterized by

A 
o	Isosthenuria with polyuria
o	Moderate proteinuria
o	Very few cells
o	Type I, II, or IV RTA
o	Broad waxy casts
o	Small kidneys
50
Q

Causes of tubulointerstitial disease

A 
o	Prostate (obstructive uropathy)
o	Analgesics (NSAIDs)
o	VU reflux
o	Lead (heavy metals)
o	Gout
o	Myeloma
51
Q

Renal disease of myeloma

A 
Myeloma kidney
Hypercalcemia
Hyperuricemia
Amyloidosis
B cell infiltration
Hyperviscosity
52
Q

Tests for renovascular hypertension

A
  1. Captopril test
  2. DSA
  3. MRI-angiography
  4. Arteriography
  5. Renal vein renin ratio >1.5
53
Q

2 main causes of renovascular hypertension

A
  1. Atherosclerosis-males

2. Fibromuscular dysplasia- females

Renal II (2 decks)

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