Pater Patriae Flashcards
Horace Ode 3.6 links Rome’s recent failures to the Gods anger w Romans’ (two reasons)
I) “your fathers sins”
II) neglect of religious duties and inchastity of Roman citizens ➡️ chaste women needed for rituals (gods hate infidelity)
~ our age fertile in its wickedness
~ defiled the marriage bed
~ disaster’s stream has polluted the ppl and the fatherland
Architectural commemoration of victory over alpine tribes
The alpine trophy
7-6BC
Horace Odes 4.4 (5 pnts)
1 - celebrates achievements of Tiberius and Drusus (conquest of alps 15-14BC)
2 - lion-club simile
3 - Augustus’ role in T&D education
4 - victory of Gaius Claudius Nero (207BC)
5 - excessive flattery of Hannibal’s speech
Legend Iuliae
1 - moral laws passed in 18BC encouraged marriage and kids
2 - voluntarily unmarried excluded from some celebrations
3 - Adultery ➡️ crime (harsh punishments for ALL parties)
The title ‘Pater Patriae’
1 - awarded in 2BC
2 - due to feeling of moral decline (encouraged ppl to see Aug as father figure to state - parallel authority to that of Pater Familias)⤵️
Presided over state rituals instead of fam
Suetonius suggests problematic aspects of moral reforms
34: Revision of the Laws
Augustus “unable to bring about … marriage and procreation” causing “open rebellion” forced to remove or “soften” many clauses
Though he did combat loopholes in marriage laws: shorted legal period between engagement and marriage and limited divorces per person
3 awards Aug given (1st Settlement)
27BC
1) name ‘Augustus’ (new religion role)
2) civic crown (2nd highest military award for ‘saving citizens’)
3) shield of virtue (virtue, clementia, justitia, pietas)
Augustus marries Livia & her role
~ 38BC
~ matrona
~ spinning, weaving (even Aug’s clothes)
Lucia’s traditionalism depicted
- bust of Livia (38BC?)
- simple traditional hair
Augustus’ modest lifestyle (3pnts)
~ modest house on the palatine
~ no luxury clothes in public
~ basic diet (fasted)
Augustus parenting (girls acc to Suet)
~ strictly brought up
~ tough spinning and weaving
~ could only say what could he recorded
~ prevented from meeting strangers “you were intemperate in coming from Baiae to see my daughter
Augustus parenting (boys acc to Suet)
~ personally tutored then ~ swimming ~ reading ~ model his handwriting ~ traveller with them ~ wouldn’t dine without them
Evaluate Suetonius’ stance on Augustus’ parenting
Though anecdotal, attests to the success of the public image
Horace 3.14 : written to commemorate Augustus’ return from Gaul
~ traditional Augustan themes (peace and war, religion, prosperity for Romans)
~ women of imperial family ➡️ especially prominent (Livia and Octavia) “dressed in holy ribbons”
~ “the mothers of virgins and youths now safe”
~ “sacrificed to true gods”
~ Livia now trusted to maintain household affairs and religious commitments in Aug’s absence
Julia accuses of adultery (3pnts)
1) 2BC
2) exiled (leges iuliae)
3) lovers exiled / suicide
