Patente Nautica QUIZ Flashcards
What is the maximum length of the vessel, i.e. that measured between the
fore and aft ends?
overall length.
The hull of a sailing vessel is the immersed part of the keel.
FALSE
What is meant by the longitudinal axis of a ship?
the axis passing through the bow and stern, parallel to the keel.
The hull of a sailing vessel is its floating and load-bearing structure.
TRUE
What function does a ship’s bilge perform?
contain dirty water and liquid residues.
The presence of the ballasted bulb in a sailing vessel has the function of providing the
itself greater stability to counter external actions (wind).
TRUE
The walls are:
the outer and lateral portion of the hull (dead work) extending between the bow and the
stern.
The presence of the ballasted bulb in a sailing vessel has the function of giving it greater penetration at the bow, enabling it to reach higher speeds
high.
FALSE
What is the deck?
the bridge extending longitudinally and transversely, in a continuous manner,
enclosing the hull entirely.
The sail is oriented in relation to the flow of the wind.
TRUE
What is meant by the prow of the unit?
the front portion at the end of the unit.
By gait is meant the direction in which it proceeds in relation to the direction
of wind origin.
TRUE
What is meant by the stern of a unit?
the rear portion at the end of the hull.
The gait is defined as the speed regained by the sailing vessel in relation to the
wind direction
FALSE
What is meant by a unit’s transom?
the outer and upper portion of the stern.
When the sailing unit moves into the wind, the apparent wind is equivalent to the
difference between the actual wind and the speed of the vessel itself.
TRUE
What is a machine room or engine room of a unit?
the on-board environment where the main engines and most of the systems are located
auxiliaries.
When the sailing unit moves into the wind, the apparent wind, corresponding to the
sum of real wind and unit speed wind
FALSE
With reference to the figure, which portion of the hull is indicated by the transverse lines?
living work.
When the sailing unit is moving upwind, the apparent wind corresponds to the sum
between the actual wind and the ship’s speed.
TRUE
With reference to the drawing shown in the figure, which portion of the hull is
indicated by the cross lines?
dead work.
When the sailing unit is moving upwind, the apparent wind is equal to the wind of
speed of the ship itself.
FALSE
When sailing a sailing vessel, the apparent wind is always directed more to
ahead of the actual wind.
TRUE
What does the form stability torque of a vessel depend on?
by the shape of the hull.
When sailing a sailing vessel, the apparent wind is always oriented
orthogonally to the true wind.
FALSE
The elements that divide the hull in a transverse direction are:
the bulkheads.
During sailing, the apparent wind has a greater intensity the more
the more the ship proceeds towards the direction from which the wind is coming.
TRUE
The transom is:
the part of the stern above the foredeck.
When sailing a sailing ship, the apparent wind has such an intensity
The greater the distance the vessel moves away from the direction the wind is coming from.
FALSE
The emerged part of the unit is named:
dead work.
An ‘upwind’ course is when a sailing vessel proceeds with a direction
of course forming an angle of approximately 135° to the true wind direction.
FALSE
The submerged part of the unit is called:
living work.
A ‘traverse’ gait is when a sailing unit proceeds with a
course direction forming a 45° angle to the true wind direction.
FALSE
The ‘cleat’ is:
a handhold to anchor and/or vault the mooring line or a shipboard rope
(such as halyards/sheets).
A slackening gait is when a sailing unit proceeds with a direction of
course forming an angle of approximately 45° to the true wind direction.
FALSE
The bollard is:
low and robust column, generally with a mushroom head, placed on the
docks and on the decks of ships to tie chains or mooring ropes;
A stern drive is when a sailing unit proceeds with a direction of
course forming a 90° angle to the true wind direction.
FALSE
The locker of a pleasure boat is:
the fore and aft storage compartment.
Proceeding upwind, the perceived speed of the sailing unit seems high because
the perceived wind intensity is higher than the actual wind intensity.
TRUE
The arrow towards the unit shown in the adjacent figure indicates the:
left jaw.
Proceeding upwind, the perceived speed of the sailing unit seems high because
the perceived wind intensity is lower than the actual wind intensity.
FALSE
The arrow towards the unit shown in the adjacent figure indicates the:
starboard jaw.
Proceeding aft, the speed felt by the sailing unit seems lower because
the perceived wind intensity is lower than the actual wind intensity.
TRUE
The draught of a vessel is:
the vertical distance between the waterline and the extreme lower point of the
hull.
Proceeding astern, the perceived speed of the sailing vessel seems lower
because the perceived wind intensity is higher than the actual wind intensity.
FALSE
The tidy master is that one:
which corresponds to the main section of the unit’s hull.
The ‘tacking sector’, or ‘dead angle’, refers to that upwind sector within which a sailing vessel cannot steer its bow due to lack of lift of the
sails.
TRUE
The arrow towards the unit shown in the adjacent figure indicates the:
starboard garden.
A “tack sector”, or “blind spot”, is defined as that sector within which a
sailing units can sail in order to increase speed to reach a certain destination.
FALSE
The arrow towards the unit shown in the adjacent figure indicates the:
left garden.
A temporary increase in real wind intensity (gust) leads to a
favourable change in apparent wind direction to assume a better upwind angle.
TRUE
The scupper is:
a small opening for draining water on deck or in the cockpit
A temporary attenuation of the actual wind intensity results in a favourable change in apparent wind direction to assume a better upwind angle.
FALSE
The bilge of a unit is the space between:
the bottom inside the hull and the dunnage.
The angle of incidence is the angle formed between the wind direction
apparent and that towards which the sail is oriented.
TRUE
The line separating the living work from the dead work is called:
waterline.
The sail centre is the point of application of the apparent wind force
on the sails and on the dead work.
FALSE
What is the interior floor of a pleasure boat called?
dunnage.
The centre of drift is the geometric centre of the drift surface placed
under the keel of the sailing unit.
FALSE
The battlement is:
a kind of side railing to help the passage between stern and bow.
The sail centre and centre of drift influence each other, generating effects that are
identifiable and predictable for each sailing unit.
TRUE
Which of the following statements is correct?
the set of draperies and stanchions forms the battlement protecting the
walkway between stern and bow.
In centre rudder conditions, when the sail centre is aligned with the centre of
drift, the sailing unit is defined as ‘neutral’ (neither pontoon nor gilt).
TRUE
The hull of a pleasure craft is the:
structure that forms the shell of the unit.
In centre rudder conditions, when the sail centre is aligned with the centre of
drift, the sailing unit approaches the direction of the wind (gyre).
FALSE
The ‘shady’ is:
an opening in the stern through which the rudder shaft passes.
The position of the sail centre in sailing vessels depends on the area and shape of the sails, the reciprocal influence between the sails tacked and the tuning
of the equipment.
TRUE
Pitching is the oscillation of the unit around its axis:
transversal.
The term ‘glide’ refers to the state in which the sailing unit is in dynamic equilibrium on the crest of a wave generated by its own
advancement.
TRUE
The structural part of the stern, to which the rudder, if external, hinges, is:
the stern.
The ‘setting’ of the sails is generated by the apparent wind while sailing.
TRUE
The vertical structures, which subdivide the hull internally, are:
the bulkheads.
The pressure exerted by the wind on the sails depends on the angle of incidence.
TRUE
The hull is:
the living work.
The pressure exerted by the wind on the sails depends solely on the value of the
heading assumed by the unit.
FALSE
A superstructure is that part of the ship that rises above the:
deck in the case of single-deck units.
The drift force is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sailing unit.
TRUE
The deckhouse is:
the habitable superstructure raised above a bridge.
The propulsion force is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sail unit.
FALSE
The line is:
a rope of small diameter
the mast of a sailing unit inclined towards the stern makes it tend to
orziera.
TRUE
What is meant by a small garden?
the end portion of the outer part of the hull, located near the stern
(starboard and left), with an angular or rounded profile.
The mast of a sailing unit inclined towards the bow makes it tend to
headrest.
TRUE
What is the hatch?
the opening in the deck for the passage of persons or things inside.
The function of the battens on the mainsail is to preserve the shape
of sailing in all weather conditions.
TRUE
What is the function of zincs?
avoid galvanic corrosion.
The function of the battens on the mainsail is to ensure optimum indication
of the wind direction on the sail?
FALSE
The flying bridge, also known as the fly, is:
the upper deck of a motorised unit, where the second wheelhouse is located.
With regard to sailing theory, the multihull has greater stability.
TRUE
What is the maximum beam:
the maximum width of the hull.
The ballasted bulb of a sailing unit provides more stability to counteract the action
external wind.
TRUE
The dunnage of a pleasure boat is:
a removable, walkable deck below deck.
The stability of a sailing boat is ensured by the ballasted bulb.
TRUE
The vertical distance between the deck and the waterline is:
the freeboard.
The sail tends, by its nature, to assume a neutral position of 45° with respect to the
wind flow and receive a push in that direction.
FALSE
What is the hull cross-section?
the central cross-section, which normally has a greater width
A gait is defined as the direction in which a sailing unit is proceeding in relation to the
wind direction.
FALSE
In a pleasure boat, the deckhouse is:
the elevated superstructure on the deck, which does not extend across the entire width
of the unit.
Upwind’ is the gait in which the sailing unit proceeds with a course direction that
forms an angle of approximately 45° to the true wind direction.
TRUE
The candlesticks are:
vertical elements of the rails.
A ‘slack’ is the gait in which the sailing unit proceeds with a course direction that
forms an angle of approximately 135° to the true wind direction.
TRUE
The lowest floor of a recreational craft is called:
dunnage.
A ‘traverse’ is the gait in which the sailing unit proceeds with a course direction
which forms an angle of 90° to the true wind direction.
TRUE
The hull is called displacement if it is of the type:
round.
A ‘slack’ is the gait in which the sailing unit proceeds with a course direction that
forms an angle of approximately 90° to the true wind direction.
FALSE
The waterline:
is the line dividing the hull into opera viva and opera morta.
A catamaran:
has two hulls.
A ‘stern’ or ‘wheelspin’ is the gait in which the sailing unit proceeds with a
course direction forming an angle of 180° to the true wind direction.
TRUE
The rudder is compensated when:
part of the blade is forward of the axle.
Proceeding upwind, the perceived wind intensity on board is greater than that
real.
TRUE
What is the name of the rudder surface on which the water pressure acts?
shovel.
Moving aft, the perceived speed of the sailing unit seems high because
the perceived wind intensity is higher than the actual wind intensity.
FALSE
The rudder is compensated if:
part of the blade is forward of the axle.
The tacking area is the area of the hull of a sailing vessel that contributes to providing sail thrust and thus increasing its speed as a function of
wind direction.
FALSE
The arrow towards the unit shown in the adjacent figure indicates the:
traverse.
The leeward side is defined as the upwind surface of the sail that is subjected to
a depression.
FALSE
The arrows in the figure indicate:
the left broadside.
The sail centre is the point of application of the resultant of the forces due to the action
of the wind on the sails.
TRUE
The arrows in the figure indicate:
the starboard broadside.
The sail centre is the point of application of the hydrodynamic force on the hull due to
to the drift.
FALSE
The tubulars are:
the external parts of an inflatable boat, which guarantee part of its reserve
buoyancy.
The centre of drift is the centre of the small sail hull.
FALSE
RIB (or RHIB) means:
inflatable boats with a rigid keel.
The centre of drift is the point of application of the lateral resistance opposing the
hydrodynamic forces exerted on the living work.
TRUE
It is called a sourpuss:
the hardware located at the extreme bow, generally consisting of a single block,
which includes the anchor chain loop.
The sail centre and centre of drift are used to determine the ship’s point under sail.
FALSE
The pass-through is:
the threaded part that passes through the thickness of the hull and connects to the sea inlet
in the pipes carrying water to or from the various utilities.
In neutral (centre) rudder conditions, when the sail centre is set forward
of the centre of drift, the sailing vessel moves away from the direction of the wind (it is resting).
TRUE
The cockpit is:
the external part of a boat where the rigging and the
helm, designed to accommodate guests in safety.
In neutral (centre) rudder conditions, when the sail centre is aligned with the
centre of drift, the sailing vessel is defined as balanced (neither headland nor gyre).
TRUE
The pulpit is:
fall protection located at the extreme bow and stern, usually in tube
of steel, to which the guardrail is anchored.
The position of the sail centre for sailing vessels depends on the shape of the sail,
by the reciprocal influence of the sails being tacked and the fine-tuning of the equipment.
TRUE
They say taken overboard:
the valves, placed in connection with the through-hulls, which allow you to close
the entry of water into the boat.
The position of the centre of drift of sailing vessels depends on the shape of the sails.
FALSE
Based on the nautical performance of the main hull types, it can be stated that:
the deep ‘V’ hull copes better with very formed swell.
Upwind means the side of the unit located below the point of application
of the apparent wind.
FALSE
Rolling is the oscillation of the unit around its axis:
longitudinal.
Downwind is defined as the side of the unit opposite that on which the
wind.
TRUE
The hull is said to be displacement if:
is either round or deep V-shaped.
The term ‘starboard/left tack’ indicates the forward part of the hull on the
which the waves break.
FALSE
The hull is called displacement if it is of the type:
does not glide and navigates the water to the right and left.
Sail fat is defined as the part of the sail closest to the tension of the
halyard.
FALSE
By trim is meant:
the hydraulic piston that acts on the position of the outboard motor, modifying
the angle between the transom and the stem of the engine itself.
The sail plan is the organisation of the sails of a unit as designed and is
essentially characterised by the number of masts and the type of sails available.
TRUE
The flaps are:
submerged appendages, mounted on the transom, to affect the trim of the
hull.
Lift is defined as the total weight of all sailing equipment loaded on
a sailing unit.
FALSE
The flaps:
are mounted on the transom, there are always two, one on the starboard end and
the other on the left end.
The twisting of the sail depends on the actual wind speed, which increases in
function of the height from which it blows in relation to the sea surface.
TRUE
Flaps control is usually:
realised through the monitoring of a display, normally placed on the dashboard,
analogue or digital, indicating their height.
Straining’ refers to the sudden change of heading towards the direction of origin
wind, caused by a gust or a particularly strong wave.
TRUE
Between a fixed-pitch propeller, one with retractable blades and one with steerable blades, the propeller that has
the lowest efficiency in reverse gear is a:
folding shovels.
Overhanging’ means the sudden deviation of the bow from the direction of the wind
such as to cause a jibe.
TRUE
In reverse with a single right-hand propeller:
the stern turns more easily to the left.
A ‘gust’ is a particular type of wind, of significant intensity, which
predominantly from the east or west.
FALSE
Motorised pleasure craft with starboard propeller; can be reasonably assumed to be
than the one on the left:
is left-handed.
A ‘drift’ is defined as the lateral movement of the sailing unit due to the wind
exerted on the hull during navigation.
TRUE
In reverse with a single left-handed propeller:
the stern turns more easily to starboard.
A sailing unit capsizes when capsizing, submerging the mast even up to 180°.
from the initial position.
TRUE
On a unit equipped with two engines, the propellers are generally:
left-handed on the left and right-handed on the starboard side.
Thinning’ the sail is understood to mean varying the sail’s load-bearing surface area
by reducing its concavity.
TRUE
In motor navigation, where the axis of rotation is located in relation to the centre of the ship
around which the unit approaches?
towards the bow.
Tightening the wind’ is defined as leading the sailing unit by leaving as much as possible the
sails, moving the bow away from the direction from which the wind is coming.
FALSE
A propeller is right-handed if, looking at the stern from the outside, the blades:
turn clockwise in forward gear.
Leaning’ is defined as leading the unit under sail by leaving the sails as far as possible,
moving the bow away from the direction from which the wind is coming.
TRUE
What, apart from the thrust exerted by individual blades, influences the evolutionary effect
of the propeller?
the flow of water pushed against the rudder blade or the hull.
The propulsion force is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sailing vessel.
TRUE
The compensated rudder serves to:
reduce the resistance of the blade to rotation and thus the hardness of the bar/wheel.
The drift force and the propulsion force originate from the resultant force
generated by the wind on the sail surface.
TRUE
A compensated rudder is that rudder:
which has part of the blade forward of the axle.
The ‘chord’ of the sail is the line ideally drawn to join the two ends
of the sail profile.
TRUE
How is the difference between the theoretical and actual distance travelled by
a propeller in one complete revolution?
recourse.
The concavity of the sail serves the function of decreasing drag
of the unit.
FALSE
The evolutionary effect of a right-handed propeller rotating backwards (reverse) rotates:
the stern to port, then the bow to starboard.
Shifting the weight of the crew on board while sailing can
serve to counteract the heeling action generated by the wind on the sail surface.
TRUE
What is the angle of rotation of the rudder (around its axis) to achieve maximum
government effect?
between 30 degrees and 40 degrees.
In order to counteract the leaning tendency of the sail unit, it is useful to shift the weights towards the bow.
TRUE
In forward gear, turning the rudder wheel to the left, how does the stern behave
of the unit?
pull over to starboard.
To counteract the gyre tendency of the sail unit, it is useful to shift the weights towards
the tree.
FALSE
A propeller is defined as left-handed when, looking at the stern from the outside, the blades
turn in the direction:
anti-clockwise in forward gear.
It is best to avoid setting a unit too heavily because such a setting
greatly limits the action of the rudder.
TRUE
The theoretical distance a propeller would travel in one complete revolution if the water were
solid is called:
theoretical step.
A unit under sail with an upwind gait, if excessively heeled
downwind, it suffers an increase in speed and a better performance of the sails tacked.
FALSE
A propeller with a long pitch and small diameter, compared to one, which, on the contrary, has pitch
small and larger diameter:
produces greater speed.
It is better to prefer a slightly northeastern setting of a sailboat because such a
setting favours performance and safety on board.
TRUE
In general, in addition to pulling over, the use of the paddle rudder produces the following effects:
speed reduction, lateral displacement on the opposite side of the blade, slight
procurement.
The inclination towards the bow of the mast of a sailing vessel makes the same
tends to lean.
TRUE
The evolution curve:
is the trajectory described by the unit pulling to starboard or left.
The inclination towards the stern of the mast of a sailing unit makes the same
tends to lean.
FALSE
Regarding tiller steering, we have that:
if in reverse motion, with tiller to starboard the stern pulls to the left.
Leaving the halyard and mainsail base increases sail concave (fat) and makes them
assume a configuration suitable for wheelspin.
TRUE
To make a correct stern mooring at the quay:
with a left-handed propeller, it backs up perpendicularly to the quay presenting the
starboard side of the quay.
The angle of incidence is that formed between the apparent wind direction and the
towards which the sail is oriented, in practice the angle at which the profile slices through the air.
TRUE
I perform a sideways (English) mooring with a right-handed propeller:
with the quay to the left, you back up with the left jaw to the
dock, approaching the stern and stopping the buoyancy.
The mainsail’s thrust is mainly gaff, that of the genoa or jib
tended to rest.
TRUE
The evolutionary effect of the propeller is greater with a unit:
without buoyancy and with the gear engaged.
As the wind grows, the cunningham (or mainsail halyard), the tesabase, the halyard
genoa.
TRUE
Cavitation occurs when the propeller:
over the rev limit and you no longer have the propulsive thrust.
As the wind increases, it is useful to move the genoa carriage towards the bow.
FALSE
With left-handed propeller, if I manoeuvre in reverse:
with the rudder in the middle, the stern pulls to starboard.
In fractional rigging, flying rigging serves to support the mast,
counterbalancing the strain transmitted from the sails to the forestay.
TRUE
If a bi-propeller pleasure craft has a left-handed propeller, it can
reasonably assume that the starboard one:
is right-handed.
In fractional rigs with spreaders quartered towards the stern and backstay, the
Flying rigging can give support to the mast but is not structural.
TRUE
The rudder is compensated when:
part of the blade is forward of the axle.
A split-rigged unit is one in which the forestay is not
‘hooded’ in the masthead.
TRUE
With a right-hand propeller, I manoeuvre in reverse:
With the rudder on the starboard side, I limit the stern turn to the left.
A split-rigged unit is one whose hull is divided into
at least three compartments.
FALSE
Manoeuvring a pleasure craft with two shaft lines (starboard and
left-hand side); we have that:
with only the starboard engine in reverse (port engine stopped), the bow
pull over to starboard.
T h e spreaders ensure adequate strength and retention of the sheets on the
blanket.
FALSE
A right-handed propeller:
In reverse, the propeller tends to pull the stern to the left.
The spreaders are used to tension the shrouds that support the mast laterally.
TRUE
On the manoeuvring and operation of tiller steering, without considering the effect
of the propeller, in forward motion we have that:
with tiller to port, the bow goes to starboard.
The adjustment of the shrouds is carried out through the use of the sheet trolley.
FALSE
Turning the wheel to the left in forward motion; it happens that the:
prow goes to the left.
The foresail furler is a special cleat where the leeward sheet of the
jib.
FALSE
A left-handed propeller:
Looking at the stern from the outside, in forward motion it turns anticlockwise.
The leech is the shortest side of the mainsail, which goes inside the channel
of the boom.
FALSE
With an outboard motor:
in forward gear, turning the foot to starboard, the stern pulls to the left.
The mainsail luff is the cable sewn into the luff side to be introduced
inside the shaft channel.
TRUE
A right-handed propeller:
in reverse, the propeller rotates anti-clockwise.
The ‘base’ of the mainsail means the free side of the sail where the pockets are located
to be able to introduce the slats.
FALSE
The rudder having the entire blade abaft the core is called:
ordinary.
The mainsail sheet angle is defined as that between the base and the leech,
where the tesabase is docked.
TRUE
Installing a compensated rudder results in:
less effort is required to turn the wheel.
The mainsail ‘feathering angle’ is defined as the angle between the base and the luff.
where the boom trough is hooked.
FALSE
How should one manoeuvre in the event of a rudder failure on a boat of
small size?
dipping an oar on the left side to tack to the left.
The ‘tack angle’ of the mainsail is defined as the angle between the leech and the
luff, placed at the upper end of the sail, where the halyard is attached.
FALSE
With inboard engine and left-handed propeller, in forward gear and with the rudder in the middle:
the stern tends to evolve towards the left.
The jib allows the sailing unit to sail exclusively with angles between
40° and 70° with respect to the direction from which the wind blows.
FALSE
With inboard engine and left-handed propeller, in reverse and with the rudder in the middle,
it happens that:
the stern tends to evolve towards starboard.
The mainsail is the main sail of a sailing unit, located abaft
of the tree, and triangular in shape.
TRUE
The evolutionary effect of the propeller on an inboard engine is compensated:
with the helm.
The genoa or genoa represents a particular type of headsail having a
reduced surface area used in the event of adverse marine weather conditions.
FALSE
What is meant by coupled rudders of a unit?
two equal and symmetrical rudders used on some bi-elica naval units acting in
synchrony.
The genoa or genoa is the headsail having a surface that does not overlap with
that of the mainsail.
FALSE
In a bi-propeller unit (with two propeller shafts), why isthe starboard propeller
right-handed and the left-hand propeller is left-handed?
To compensate for the side effect of the blades.
The genoa (or genoa) extends beyond the mast towards the stern to a length generally
equal to 50% of the distance between the mast and the tack point .
TRUE
In general, what effect does a right-hand propeller in forward gear have on a unit
single-pole ship with the rudder in the middle?
the bow will move to the left and the stern to starboard.
The jib is the foresail having a surface that does not overlap with that of the
mainsail.
TRUE
In general, what effect does a left-handed forward propeller have on a unit
single-pole ship with the rudder in the middle?
the bow will move to starboard and the stern to port.
The spinnaker is the main sail, used in particular in the gaits
upwind in order to give more power and sail area.
FALSE
What is meant by the trim of a naval unit?
the equilibrium position assumed in the longitudinal plane (bow - stern).
The gennaker is an asymmetrical sail suitable for sailing between the transverse and the
slack (60°- 120° from the wind).
TRUE
What is meant by the rolling of a ship?
rotation along the longitudinal axis of the unit, which determines the inclination of the
same to starboard and left.
The Code 0 is an asymmetrical sail suitable for low-wind sailing between the
upwind and the traverse.
TRUE
What is meant by the pitching of a unit?
the rotation that occurs along the transverse axis, resulting in the immersion of the
bow and the simultaneous raising of the stern and vice versa.
Code 0 is an inferred sail.
FALSE
What is meant by pulling over a unit?
the rotation of the unit along the vertical axis, resulting in the simultaneous deviation
of the bow on one side and the stern on the opposite side.
The sloop is a rig characterised by the presence of a single mast and the possibility of
hoist only one headsail at a time.
TRUE
The weight of the ship corresponds to:
displacement.
The cutter is the rig characterised by the presence of a single mast, armed with two jibs
at the same time.
TRUE
Normally the diesel engine is switched off:
preventing fuel from flowing to the injection pump.
The ketch is that rig characterised by the presence of the mizzenmast forward
of the rudder shaft.
TRUE
Before starting a petrol-powered inboard engine, what is the first thing to do?
accomplish?
ventilate the engine compartment.
Fixed rigging includes halyards and sheets.
FALSE
The main problem, in terms of safety, of a petrol engine is:
the accumulation of petrol vapours in the engine compartment.
Current rigging includes stays and shrouds.
FALSE
What can cause damage to the cooling circuit impeller of
an outboard motor?
operation of the outboard when its water intake is outside the
water level.
The sheet hoist fulfils the function of demultiplying the effort.
TRUE
A forced ventilation system in the compartment housing the inboard diesel engine of
a recreational unit:
is not compulsory, but it is recommended.
The one shown is a hoist with a 6:1 ratio
FALSE
What are the phases of a four-stroke internal combustion engine?
intake, compression, exhaust.
The one shown is a double hoist with the most favourable ratio, the
so-called ‘up’ of 8:1.
TRUE
I need to reverse the rotation of the propeller: I need to reverse the rotation of the engine?
no; reversing the rotation of the propeller is achieved by operating the appropriate lever of the
reducer/inverter system.
The cunningham performs the function of tensioning the lower bow part of the
mainsail, by means of a vertical hoist.
TRUE
Generally speaking, the most common cause for an inboard engine to fail is
overheating occurs when:
the sea inlet of the water pump has occluded.
The spanker is the yardarm on which the base of the mainsail is fixed.
FALSE
An ‘inboard’ engine is an engine:
inboard with the transmission components combined in an outboard foot attached to the
stern.
A winch is a special mechanism consisting of two blocks used to
multiply the tractive effort exerted on the lines.
FALSE
The term ‘purge’ refers to the fuel system of a diesel engine,
of course:
remove all air from the fuel supply circuit before
restart the engine.
The sheets must always be wound around the winch drum in a clockwise direction,
taking special care to avoid overlapping ‘parcels’.
TRUE
Excluding propeller problems, if a diesel engine ‘loses steam and drops in rpm’ and there is
sufficient fuel; what happened?
dirty fuel is present in the tank.
On-board hardware consists of the set of elements such as cleats, winches,
arriders and cockers.
TRUE
The propulsion system of a motor boat is given:
from the engine and propeller.
Polypropylene is only used for floating lines used for rescue.
TRUE
The heat exchanger in an inboard marine engine:
serves to cool the fluid in the closed circuit by means of seawater.
The shackles assume the function of reducing or tensile stress on the cables.
FALSE
What is the name given to that organ of the marine engine that allows you to alternate the phases of
forward - neutral - reverse motion?
inverter.
The mainsail carriage (or mainsail traveller) is the device on which the
mainsail sheets.
FALSE
In the electrical system of a marine diesel engine:
the battery is an essential element for starting.
The cleat is the device with which the dragnets are fixed.
FALSE
In a 4-stroke engine, how many revolutions does the crankshaft describe for one cycle
complete?
two laps.
The mainsail is the cleat or plate placed on the deck used to fasten the shrouds and
the stays.
TRUE
Regarding the duty cycle of a 4-stroke engine:
consists of 4 piston strokes and 2 crankshaft revolutions.
The eyebolt is the carriage of the boom where the mainsail engages.
FALSE
In the electrical system of a marine engine:
ignition system only exists in internal combustion engines.
The tangon is the attachment ring of the shroud.
FALSE
If a petrol engine runs but does not start, the cause could be:
the carburettor is flooded.
The trough is the joint that joins the boom to the mast.
TRUE
If the engine hits the head, direct causes may be:
the injectors are out of calibration.
Tensile strength is an important quality in the fibres of the
a sail, determining its transverse stability.
TRUE
If by turning the ignition key the diesel engine runs but does not start, the direct causes
can be:
there is air in the fuel circuit.
Dacron is not a commonly used material for making sails.
cruise.
FALSE
The unit’s motor is running when it stops suddenly; direct causes
can be:
the propeller shaft got stuck with the invertor engaged.
Very prolonged exposure of sails to sunlight causes them to decay
of its mechanical strength characteristics.
TRUE
The engine, if in neutral, stays running and, if in gear, stops. Why?
the propeller got stuck.
The standard set of sails on a catamaran consists of mainsail, jib and gennaker.
TRUE
The inboard engine does not start and the lights on the panel go out at the
time of start-up: the cause could be:
the batteries are completely discharged.
The basic set of sails on a sloop-rigged hull consists of mainsail and genoa (or genoa).
TRUE
The axis line is:
a set of mechanical parts that transmits movement to the propeller.
The garrocci are the specific carabiners that allow the forward side of the
genoa and jib to the forestay.
TRUE
The diesel engine shuts down immediately after ignition; the cause may be:
presence of air in the injection pump.
The backstay’s function is to adjust the vang.
FALSE
What can be the most probable cause that an inboard engine
emits blue smoke from the exhaust?
lubricating oil has entered the combustion chamber.
Cocking the backstay results in significant slimming of the central part of the
mainsail.
TRUE
What can be the most probable cause that an inboard engine
emits black smoke from the exhaust?
dirty fuel, dirty air filter or fuel filter, dirty carburettor or
damaged.
The lover’s knot is one that tends to unravel easily.
FALSE
What is the function of the injector in a diesel engine?
spraying the diesel to make it burn quickly.
The gassa d’amante is used to shorten a line.
FALSE
What is the additional percentage of fuel that it is advisable to keep on board
to ensure safe navigation?
30%.
The flat knot should be used to join two cables with different diameters.
FALSE
The function of a savoia knot is to prevent the end of a cable from slipping out of a
grommet.
TRUE
How much fuel must I have on board, including the 30% safety increase, to travel 10
miles at a speed of 5 knots, knowing that the hourly consumption is 50 litres/hour?
at least 130 litres.
The spoken knot is useful for securing wings to the dredges.
TRUE
A 2-stroke outboard petrol engine consumes 300 g per horsepower per hour of running time. Assuming a specific weight of 0.75 kg per litre, what is the average fuel consumption of the above-mentioned 2-stroke outboard petrol engine of 80
Hp?
32 litres per hour.
The daisy knot is used to shorten a line.
TRUE
Regarding the navigational autonomy of a pleasure boat, it is possible to state that:
if the hourly consumption is not known, the hourly range can be calculated by knowing the
HP power output and the specific weight of the fuel used.
A lazy jack is a special halyard used to hoist sails in conditions of
emergency.
FALSE
Regarding fuel consumption and cruising range, it can be said that:
with rough seas, the range in miles decreases at the same speed.
A lazy jack refers to the line system that helps pick up the mainsail during
lowered.
TRUE
Which calculation of the amount of fuel plus reserve (S = space, V = speed, C =
consumption l/h, RIS = reserve, Q = fuel quantity in litres) is correct?
S = 15 Miles C = 15 litres/h V = 15 Knots Q = 19.5 litres
The feeder is the device used in order to facilitate the introduction of the inferitura of the
jib or genoa inside the forestay channel.
TRUE
As a calculation of the fuel quantity including the 30% increase in safety (S
= space, V = speed, C = consumption l/h, RIS = reserve, Q = fuel quantity in litres) is correct?
S = 10 Miles C = 10 litres/h V = 10 Knots Q = 13.0 litres.
The tesabase is the device designed to keep the base of the jib taut.
FALSE
The consumption figure of an engine:
corresponds to the hourly litre consumption at maximum engine power of the unit from
boating.
The manoeuvres required to use the spinnaker are sheet, spring, vang, borosa and
meolo del tangone.
FALSE
Fuel consumption is calculated:
multiplying the hourly consumption by the duration of the navigation actually carried out
(consumption x time).
An arm is defined as the cable used to manoeuvre and thus adjust the tack of the
spinnaker.
TRUE
Calculated theoretical consumption for a certain navigation, according to a good rule of thumb
marinara is added at least 30% because of:
any disturbing elements of the motion (wind and/or current).
The matafion is a respect jib used in adverse marine weather conditions.
FALSE
With 30 litres of fuel and an hourly consumption of 20 litres, the sailing range,
considering the 30% increase in security, it will be:
total of 90 minutes, but considering the 30% increase, they become
approximately 69 minutes.
Splicing refers to the interlacing of the strands of the ends of textile or
steel, in order to join them together or to make a fixed ring to which hardware or rigging can be attached.
TRUE
Determine, to t h e nearest approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to safely complete 150 nautical miles, knowing its hourly consumption (40 l/h) and speed
cruising speed (25 knots).
312 litres.
Borosa refers to the upper end of the hollow forestay connecting it
to the tree.
FALSE
Determine, w i t h due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to safely complete 180 nautical miles, knowing its hourly consumption (31 l/h) and speed
cruising speed (30 knots).
242 litres.
Shrouds, are cables generally made of steel (but also of textile fibres particularly
tenacious), which support the tree.
TRUE
To correctly calculate the amount of fuel to be taken on my unit
I must multiply:
hourly consumption for sailing hours and add 30%.
The turnbuckle is a device used to join two lines of different material.
FALSE
1 Kw is equivalent to:
1.36 hp
The vang is an adjustable boom restraint system that performs two main functions: it regulates the longitudinal deflection of the mast and influences the bearing surface
of sailing.
TRUE
What are the main parts of which the propeller is composed?
hub and blades.
Fixed rigging such as shrouds and stays can be run inside the mast.
FALSE
What feature does diesel fuel offer over petrol?
higher flash point.
The mainsail furler is a piece of equipment that allows the mainsail to be stowed in a locker once
ended navigation.
FALSE
What are the phases of a four-stroke internal combustion engine?
intake, compression, exhaust.
Mast adjustment is carried out with the unit at the mooring by acting on each
single current manoeuvre in strict adherence to the manufacturer’s instructions.
FALSE
What materials can outboard motor propellers be made of?
aluminium, stainless steel, composite.
Current manoeuvres are those used to manoeuvre the sails, such as the sheets,
halyards, wangs, base brim, etc.
TRUE
What is the main characteristic of a good lubricant for a diesel engine?
viscosity or density.
A self-tailing winch is an electronic winch controlled from the wheelhouse for which
use of the handle is not necessary.
FALSE
What intervention should be carried out after a long voyage of an engine
inboard?
let the engine cool down, check the oil level and, if necessary, carry out the
topping up.
Shrouds and shrouds are fixed rigging.
TRUE
Which part of the outboard motor in the picture do the arrows indicate?
the cooling water intakes.
Turning the handle clockwise gives the winch better traction and power.
TRUE
Which part of the outboard motor in the picture shows the arrows?
the ‘warning light’, a water leakage which testifies to the correct functioning of the
cooling.
The reason why the mainsail shackle is of the locking pin type is because of
allow the sail to be unhooked, preventing it from falling into the sea.
TRUE
Which part of the outboard motor in the picture shows the arrows?
propeller.
The stocking is a kind of canvas tube with which the spinnaker or gennaker is picked up
before lowering it.
TRUE
Which part of the inboard transmission is indicated by the arrow?
aft group.
With the self-tacking jib, it is necessary to caulk the sheet when tacking.
FALSE
Which part of the hull is indicated by the arrow?
engine compartment bulkhead.
With the self-tacking jib, the sheet is generally returned to a sheave on the mast.
TRUE
Which part of the transmission components of an inboard engine is indicated by the
arrow?
box.
With the furling genoa reduced by more than 30% of the surface area, there is a significant reduction
of profile efficiency.
TRUE
Which part of the transmission components of an inboard engine is indicated by the
arrow?
propeller shaft.
The foresail furler and the modern system for reducing the headsail without
lower it.
TRUE
Which part of the transmission components of an inboard engine is indicated by the
arrow?
inverter/reducer.
The stopper is the manoeuvre by which the boom is fixed in its rest position.
FALSE
What is the operating principle of a waterjet engine?
propulsion is achieved by a jet of water delivered at high speed from the stern of the vessel, through a pump driven by a conventional engine.
The stopper is the locking system that allows a halyard to be throttled.
TRUE
What are the main parts of a waterjet propulsion system?
intake duct, propeller, penstock and steering mechanism.
Foiling’ is defined as the manoeuvre to steer the vessel with its bow to the wind
or to let go of the sheets so that the sails are not load-bearing
TRUE
The water-jet propulsion system results:
Difficult to manoeuvre at minimum rpm and in windy conditions.
Foiling’ refers to the manoeuvre aimed at bringing the vessel’s stern to the
wind.
FALSE
With regard to a diesel engine, which statement is correct?
needs as many injectors as cylinders.
With tiller steering it is necessary to place the tiller of the rudder to windward
i.e. on the opposite side of the mainsail.
TRUE
What are the basic organs that make up the power system of a
diesel engine?
fuel pump, injection pump, injectors.
With tiller steering, the rudder tiller must be placed downwind to rest
i.e. on the same side as the mainsail.
FALSE
What is required to ensure starting in indirect injection diesel engines?
glow plug.
When two sailing vessels are sailing upwind with converging courses, the one with the
port tack will lay off to leave a clear course for the one with the starboard tack, passing them by the stern.
TRUE
How does the electric start-up of an outboard motor take place?
through the action of a starter motor connected to the electrical system.
When two sailing vessels sail upwind with converging courses, the more
slow will leave the course clear for the faster one, passing them by the stern.
FALSE
Which of the following can be a cause of an outboard motor overheating?
obstruction of the cooling water flow due, for example, to the possible presence of algae or plastic fragments at the intake
suction of the water circuit.
When two sailing vessels sail upwind both with the same tack, the one
upwind will heave to leave the course clear for the downwind one.
TRUE
Which of these checks is correct in the case of an outboard motor
present start-up difficulties?
check that the gear lever is in the neutral position.
After stringing the mainsail halyard, the base of the mainsail can be caulked, a little or a lot, depending on whether you want to take wide or
upwind.
TRUE
Concerning the phenomenon of cavitation in relation to an outboard motor, which statement
is that correct?
can occur when the length of the foot is not compatible with the height of the transom, of the vessel on which it is installed.
Downing is the manoeuvre by which the sailing unit changes tack by crossing
with the stern the direction from which the wind comes.
TRUE
Which of the following can cause amotor to fail to start
petrol?
lack of fuel flow, dirty or flooded carburettor, deterioration of the
candles.
Turning is the manoeuvre to avoid an obstacle.
FALSE
What can be the causes of black exhaust smoke emission
of a petrol engine?
poor combustion and faulty carburation.
The tacking manoeuvre is the manoeuvre used to reach a destination by sailing with the wind in the thread of
wheel.
FALSE
What can be the reasons why a diesel engine runs but does not start?
presence of air in the fuel circuit, clogged fuel filter,
The downswing is performed when the boat is at maximum speed and sailing at the
traverse or upwind.
FALSE
What can be the reasons why a diesel engine is difficult to start?
presence of water in the fuel, clogged exhaust pipe,
To rig the mainsail: connect the mainsail to the tack angle, tension the base and close it
the sheet stopper.
FALSE
What can be the causes for which a diesel engine produces exhaust fumes of
colour black or grey?
injection pump malfunction, air filter clogging.
The tack point is positioned on the boom’s boom area.
FALSE
What can be the causes for which a diesel engine produces exhaust fumes of
colour blue or white?
clogging of the oil filter, malfunction of the turbocharger.
We rig the mainsail by hauling in the meolo, inserting the plank inside the
pocket on the highest part of the shaft.
FALSE
What can be the causes of an engine misfire
diesel?
presence of air in the fuel circuit, deformation or rupture of one or more pipes
of the injector.
After letting go of the mainsail halyard, the base of the mainsail can be left, little or
a lot, depending on whether you want to go upwind or downwind.
FALSE
What can be the reasons why a diesel engine does not run smoothly?
clogging of the fuel filter, deformation or rupture of one or more pipes that
bring fuel to the injectors.
Genoa (or genoa) and jib arm themselves in the same way because they have, in general, the same tack point as well as being inferred from the same forestay.
TRUE
What can be the causes of excessive vibration of a motor
diesel?
breakage or loosening of the motor mounting brackets.
The first operation required to hoist the jib or genoa equipped with
garocci is to fix the clevis eye into the attachment located at the base of the forestay.
FALSE
What could be the cause of the formation of water in the tank
fuel?
topping up the tank with poor quality fuel.
The garters with which the jib is equipped should be hooked to the forestay starting from the point of
pen and continuing towards the point of the sheet.
FALSE
What steps can be taken to avoid contamination of the
fuel?
install an appropriate filter separator.
The device usually used to attach the halyard to the pen is a
snap hook spliced to the halyard itself.
TRUE
What damage can a prolonged overheating of an outboard motor cause?
engine seizure, damage to the cylinder head and its gaskets.
The knot usually used to fasten the two sheets to the jib cleat, one per
side, it is double speech.
FALSE
What consequence could clogging the water intake of an engine cause
outboard?
overheating of the engine and subsequent engine shutdown.
The boat is driven with the bow to the wind in order to allow the jib to not
swell while being hoisted.
TRUE
What consequence could the presence of algae or floating debris cause
on the propeller of an outboard motor?
excessive vibration of the engine.
The hollow forestay offers the advantage of lowering the sail centre of the jib.
FALSE
What causes or factors can affect the ship’s autonomy?
the weather and sea conditions and the overall displacement of the vessel.
The double channel of a hollow forestay serves to facilitate the replacement of a sail of
bow.
TRUE
By what factors can the autonomy of a vessel be influenced?
cruising speed maintained.
Hoisting the tormentor is the manoeuvre that can be adopted in order to reduce speed
upwind
FALSE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to navigate safely in a 4-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (24
litres/h) of the engine installed on board.
125 litres.
The manoeuvre that can be adopted in order to reduce speed in load-bearing gaits
is to spin the mainsail.
FALSE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to navigate safely in a 5-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (32
litres/h) of the engine installed on board.
208 litres.
The manoeuvre known as ‘creaming’ is used to increase speed.
FALSE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to navigate safely in a 6-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (18
litres/h) of the engine installed on board.
140 litres.
The manoeuvre known as ‘creaming’ consists of placing the headsail at the neck
leaving the mainsail tacked for the wide windward leg as well as putting the rudder to the windward.
TRUE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to safely navigate in a 7-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (27 litres/h)
of the engine installed on board.
246 litres.
The manoeuvre known as ‘putting on the hood’ consists of a particular technique that
allows sailing at reduced speed using the floating anchor spun aft.
FALSE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to navigate safely in a 9-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (19 litres/h)
of the engine installed on board.
222 litres.
The ‘reefing hand or hold’ refers to the manoeuvre to lower the tangon and
spinnaker, changing from a flush to a traverse.
FALSE
Determine, with due approximation, the amount of fuel (including 30% reserve) required for a recreational vessel to navigate safely in a 3-hour period, knowing the hourly consumption (47
litres/h) of the engine installed on board.
183 litres.
The ‘reefing grip’ consists of completely lowering the mainsail and hoisting the
in its place the mainsail called matafion.
FALSE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (90 nautical miles), the cruising speed (30 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (28 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a unit.
25 litres.
By ‘trimming’ sails, we mean furling them correctly after use in
navigation for their subsequent ready use.
FALSE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (84 nautical miles), the cruising speed (21 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (18 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a unit.
22 litres.
The advantage of gliding is the increased displacement of the unit.
FALSE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (100 nautical miles), the cruising speed (40 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (60 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a naval unit.
45 litres.
When the boat is positioned with the bow to the wind, the sails become tapered, arranging themselves transversally to the longitudinal axis of the unit and pointing in the direction of
source of the apparent wind.
FALSE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (54 nautical miles), the cruising speed (18 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (30 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a naval unit.
27 litres.
The manoeuvre known as ‘strallare’ consists of turning the tangon towards the
bow of the vessel by leading its free end close to the forestay.
TRUE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (150 nautical miles), the cruising speed (30 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (16 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a naval unit.
24 litres.
The manoeuvre known as ‘squaring’ consists of turning the tangon towards the
bow of the vessel by leading its free end close to the forestay.
FALSE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (48 nautical miles), the cruising speed (12 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (26 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a naval unit.
31 litres.
Leaning means varying the prow of the unit by moving it away from the bow
with respect to the direction of origin of the wind.
TRUE
Knowing the data on the length of the route to be covered (68 nautical miles), the cruising speed (12 knots) and the corresponding hourly consumption (12 l/h), determine the amount of fuel relative to the reserve to be taken on board at
on board a naval unit.
20 litres.
Heading is defined as changing the course of the vessel by assuming a new value of
course opposite to that of the wind’s direction of origin.
FALSE
IPS (Inboard Performance System) means:
a type of transmission with a fully immersed foot, characterised by
trailing and bow-facing propellers.
Foiling is defined as the manoeuvre aimed at driving the vessel with the stern to the wind.
FALSE
Pod-type transmissions consist of:
by a transmitting body contained in a fully immersed foot, which
by rotating it orients the bow of the boat.
The tack and the downswing are the fundamental manoeuvres for changing tack.
TRUE
The one in the image opposite is:
an IPS transmission.
The tacking is the manoeuvre by which the sailing unit prepares to haul off the
spinnaker.
FALSE
By ‘S drive’ is meant:
the foot inside of which are two conical gears that transmit motion
from the engine to the propeller, used on sailing boats instead of the shaft line.
To rest, the bar must be placed in the centre
FALSE
For safety purposes, an important element in the maintenance of the ‘S drive’ is:
the regular replacement of the foot seal in accordance with
manufacturer’s deadline, moulded into the rubber.
When two sailing vessels sail upwind with converging courses, the slower one
will leave the course clear for the faster one, passing it by the stern.
FALSE
The diesel fuel currently on the market:
promotes the formation of algae in the reservoir, which can obstruct the feeding of the
engine.
If two sailing units both sail with the same tack, the one that is
located downwind.
TRUE
To ensure the perfect functioning of a diesel engine:
it is advisable to clean the tank frequently and replace the filters of the
fuel to combat algae formation
If two sailing vessels sail upwind with converging courses, the one with a port tack
takes precedence.
FALSE
For which fire classes (A, B, C, D) is the powder extinguisher suitable?
all classes.
If two units sail with different sails (one on the port side and the other on the starboard side), has the
precedence for those who take the wind to the left.
FALSE
For what type of fire is the foam extinguisher suitable?
fires from solids and fires from liquids.
If two units sail with different sails (one on the port side and the other on the starboard side), has the
precedence for those who take the wind on their starboard side.
TRUE
The carbon dioxide extinguisher must be used:
inside closed rooms as it extinguishes fire by suffocation.
If two units sail on opposite courses, the one with the wind on the left must
leaving the other’s course clear.
TRUE
Which fire extinguishers must be EC type-approved?
all.
If a unit with the wind on its port side sees another unit sailing upwind and cannot
establish with certainty whether it has the wind on its port or starboard side, it must manoeuvre so as to leave the course clear .
TRUE
With regard to fire prevention, which of these statements is correct?
certain substances, such as oil-soaked rags left in the engine compartment or in poorly ventilated lockers, can slowly heat up, leading to a
spontaneous combustion.
When sailing close-hauled, you can temporarily reduce speed by stinging the
wind beyond the tack angle.
TRUE
What fire-fighting equipment is most appropriate for extinguishing fires
generated by equipment or switchboards?
carbon dioxide powder extinguisher.
Leaning from close hauled to wide hauled, the boat accelerates.
TRUE
Which of these statements is correct?
the jet of the foam extinguishers must be directed at the base of the flames and must not
be used to extinguish fires involving live electrical equipment.
To reduce heeling, the sails are trimmed, the cunnincham and the
mainsail halyard, genoa halyard and genoa (or genoa) sheet point are retracted.
TRUE
Using water to extinguish metal fires:
is a dangerous use.
To increase power in a weak wind, the sails are trimmed, chasing the
cunnincham and the mainsail l u f f , the genoa halyard and the genoa (or genoa) sheet point are retracted.
FALSE
What causes a Class B fire?
from flammable liquids.
The ‘setting’ of the sails is achieved when the sails are completely set at
shore.
FALSE
Air is introduced into a room attacked by fire:
you feed the fire.
To reduce heeling under gusts, the mainsail traveller (trasto) is moved
downwind or, in the absence of a trolley, leave the sheet on.
TRUE
The initials 13B on fire extinguishers indicate:
fire class and extinguishing capacity.
For a quick lean to avoid an obstacle, I only have to leave the
jib.
FALSE
Powder extinguishers are used for:
extinguishing fires involving liquid or gaseous substances as well as equipment fires
live electricity.
Boom restraint is that manoeuvre that can be used to avoid gybing
in the gaits of granlasco and giardinetto.
TRUE
The CO2 extinguisher can be used for fires of:
flammable liquids and live electrical equipment.
If the wind increases, reducing the mainsail decreases the gyre tendency
of the unit.
TRUE
What causes a Class E fire?
from live electrical equipment.
When you start thinking about whether you should reduce the sail because of the excessive
skidding is probably the time to do it.
TRUE
A foam extinguisher can be used for fires:
classes A and B.
It is certainly appropriate to reduce the sail if the boat permanently has the foresail in
water.
TRUE
What causes a Class A fire?
from solid fuels.
The gybe is the biggest risk one runs when sailing downwind or upwind
(small garden).
TRUE
A flammable gas fire is a fire of:
class C.
Jibing and jibing are the same thing.
FALSE
For gas and electrical fires (classes C and E) it is preferable to use:
a CO2 extinguisher.
The gybe is the involuntary and uncontrolled jibe.
TRUE
VHF radio equipment on fire:
you cool the radio using the carbon dioxide (CO2) fire extinguisher.
Subject to local ordinances, it is normally possible to enter a port by sailing.
FALSE
Using water to extinguish a fire from electrical equipment (class E):
is a very dangerous use.
Letting go of the mainsail makes it easier to lean.
TRUE
The ship’s point obtained by the ‘coastal’ navigation method:
determines the position with sufficient accuracy; it is therefore reliable for the continuation
of navigation.
The Rv route is:
the actual course the ship has taken or will have to take in relation to the seabed.
The heading angle Rv is the angle that:
the path of the pleasure boat at each point forms with the direction North
of the geographic meridian.
The course angle may vary:
between 0 and 360 degrees clockwise from the North.
The bow of the ship is:
the direction in which the ship’s keel line is oriented with respect to north.
Two opposite routes have an angular difference of:
180 degrees.
Does navigating with Rv 090 degrees change any geographical coordinates?
yes, only the longitude.
Does navigating with Rv 180 degrees change any geographical coordinates?
yes, only the latitude.
The true heading angle is between true north and la:
true heading of the unit and is measured clockwise.
The true heading angle is read:
on the wind rose on nautical charts.
The actual speed (Ve) is that speed:
due to the actions on the ship of thrusters, wind and current.
The proper or propulsive motion of a motorised ship is generated:
by the action of the propeller-propellers alone.
The drift angle is that angle below which it is:
deflected the path of the unit due to wind action.
Effective motion is defined by the following terms:
Rv (true heading angle) and Ve (true speed).
The drift angle is that angle below which it is:
diverted the path of the unit due to the action of the current.
Own or propulsive speed (Vp) is the speed imparted to the motor unit:
solely by its propeller-propeller.
For the same current, how does drift affect different types of hulls?
is indifferent and does not depend on the type of hull or exposure of the dead work.
The actual speed (Ve) is nothing but the speed:
real compared to the seabed.
Except in theoretical cases of bow or stern drift, the positive or
negative is:
the lateral displacement occurring respectively to the starboard or left of the
prow of the ship.
With the same wind action, the drift speed:
the smaller the living work and the larger the surface area
exposed to the wind.
Why does the wind appear different when sailing?
because the wind due to the motion of the ship is vectorially added to the real one.
The drift influences:
on all units.
Wind 180 degrees and current 180 degrees; what does that mean?
the wind blows north (Ostro), the current, on the contrary, goes south.
The drift:
depends on the intensity of the wind, the speed of the unit, the surface area exposed to the
wind and the type of hull.
Of the possible motions on the water that the ship can make or undergo, it can be stated that:
drift is the movement due to the presence of currents.
The drift is:
the disruptive effect of the sea current on the motion of the unit.
The drift is due:
to the action of the wind.
The drift is due:
to the effect of the current.
With wind, aft, whose direction coincides with the direction of the ship’s motion:
you have an effect on the speed of the ship but not on the direction of its course.
We are sailing on a northerly course in a wind and current both 180;
it happens that:
the motion of the ship is facilitated by the drift while it is counteracted by the drift.
True heading angle and true heading angle may coincide in the presence of drift
and/or drift?
yes, but only if they come exactly from the bow or stern.
Here is a list of all nautical publications published by the Hydrographic Institute
of the Navy?
in the catalogue of nautical charts and publications (I.I. 3001).
By ‘updating’ nautical publications is meant:
an adaptation of publications to the changes that occur.
The ‘reprint’ of an I.I.M.M. published nautical chart:
is a new run of the current edition of a charter on which no major changes have been incorporated except those resulting from any
Notices to Mariners (AA.NN.) issued over time.
The Notices to Mariners (AA.NN.):
are intended to update nautical charts.
If the pilot book warns that for a given port the crosswinds are those of the
second quadrant, what considerations?
the port is poorly protected in the case of Levante, Scirocco and Ostro.
The List of Lighthouses and Fog Signals is:
a publication listing the location, description and characteristics of the
light and sound signals of the Mediterranean coasts
The Portolano:
provides information necessary for coastal navigation as a description of the coast,
hazards, appearance of lighthouses, beacons, port services, buoys.
The nautical documents are:
all nautical charts and publications necessary for the conduct of the
navigation.
When the master of a vessel is required to file an occurrence report
extraordinary to the Maritime Authority?
within three days of arrival in port.
Pursuant to the Recreational Boating Code, abroad what is the authority to which the
filed an extraordinary event report?
the Consular Authority.
Who is exclusively responsible for directing the manoeuvre and navigation of
a unit?
to the unit commander.
The master of the vessel who, in the event of a collision, does not, as far as possible, give the other units the information necessary for the identification of his own vessel:
is liable to an administrative fine of between EUR 1,032.00 and EUR 6,197.00 Euro.
Under the Code of Navigation, what is meant by a report of extraordinary events?
the declaration that the master of the vessel is required to submit to the Master of the port or to the Consular Authority of the port of call when, during the voyage, they have
extraordinary events occurred with regard to the vessel. or persons on board.
Under the Recreational Boating Code, which of these behaviours constitutes an administrative offence?
taking command or conduct or nautical direction of a recreational craft without the prescribed certificate, because it was not obtained or revoked or not
validated for lack of requirements, or suspended or withdrawn.
The master of a vessel who, while at sea, becomes aware of the
danger of another unit.
is obliged to rush to render assistance when it can foresee a useful
result.
A collision occurred between naval units:
the commander of each is obliged to render assistance to the others, their crew and their passengers, if this does not pose a serious danger to his vessel and t h e persons
on board.
The commander of the rescuing unit is obliged to attempt the rescue of persons who
are at sea or in inland waters in danger:
if this does not pose a serious danger to his vessel and the persons who
are on board.
The master of a vessel who fails to render assistance or attempt the
rescue in cases where it is obliged to do so under the Code of Navigation:
shall be punished by imprisonment of up to two years.
Which of these conducts constitutes an administrative offence?
unless the act constitutes an infringement of the legislation on marine protected areas,
the use of a recreational craft without complying with a provision of the law or of navigation safety regulations.
The navigation limits of units bearing the ‘CE’ mark are defined:
by the significant height of the waves and the strength of the wind.
A pleasure boat may be registered at:
the Telematics Archive of Pleasure Craft (ATCN).
Baselines have the function of:
mark the internal limit from which the territorial sea area is measured.
The national flag for pleasure craft registered in the registers:
is displayed in the most visible, most appropriate position.
If boats, marine engines, etc. are found on the beach:
a report is filed with the local maritime authority.
For pleasure boats, the name:
is not compulsory.
When navigating in the vicinity of roadsteads, we must be careful:
to the orders of the Maritime Authority.
The ordinances are from:
requirements regulating maritime navigation in the local area.
What is meant by inland navigation?
that carried out on lakes, rivers, canals and other inland waters.
Can a unit with an overall length of 9.90 metres be registered?
yes, but it is subject to the legal regime of registered pleasure boats.
Where should the RTF licence for the VHF installed on board pleasure craft be applied for?
Ministry of Economic Development through the STED (Sportello Telematico del
Diportist).
Are vessels obliged to display the national flag?
yes, always.
A person residing in Genoa, where he can register his boat from
boating?
at any STED (Sportello Telematico del Diportista).
Pleasure craft means:
any construction of any kind and by any means of propulsion, which is
intended for recreational navigation, which may be of a ‘lusoria’ (private) or ‘commercial’ nature.
A pleasure boat registered in the ATCN (Archivio Telematico Centrale della
Yachting), has the following abbreviation:
alphanumeric code consisting of 4 letters and 4 numbers followed by the letter D.
Pleasure craft used for commercial purposes means:
that used for activities under the Boating Code, including leasing and
hire.
Pleasure craft used for commercial purposes means:
that used for activities under the Boating Code, including assisting the
diving activities and professional teaching.
The provisions of the Nautical Code:
apply both to pleasure boating exercised for lusory (recreational) purposes and to
commercial purposes, as defined by the code itself.
In the absence of specific provisions, the navigation of recreational craft is
apply:
the provisions of the Navigation Code.
The provisions on compulsory liability insurance (Decree
Legislative Decree No 209 of 7 September 2005, as amended) shall apply:
to all recreational craft as defined by the nautical code,with the exclusion of
rowing and sailing units not equipped with an auxiliary engine.
An outboard motor is subject to compulsory insurance (Legislative Decree 7
September 2005, No 209, as amended):
always.
The provisions on compulsory liability insurance (Decree
Legislative Decree No 209 of 7 September 2005, as amended):
also apply to engines with a foreign certificate of use or other document
equivalent issued abroad, if used in national territorial waters.
The provisions governing the navigation of recreational craft contained in the
nautical code are completed:
by the Regulations implementing the Nautical Code.
For matters not covered by the provisions of the Nautical Code, the following shall apply:
the provisions of the Navigation Code.
Assistance and towing:
is permitted with regard to boats and vessels, subject to the signing of a
insurance policy and communication to the competent harbour master’s office.
The unauthorised pursuit of commercial activities with pleasure craft:
is subject to a penalty of between EUR 2,775 and EUR 11,017.
Nautical leasing agreement means:
a loan granted by a bank or financial intermediary consisting of the granting for use, for a certain period of time and against payment of a fee, of
payment of a periodic consideration (fee), of a vessel.
The user of a nautical leasing contract:
even if it is not the owner of the vessel, assumes all risks relating to the perimento
of the good.
In the event of violations by a leasing unit of provisions on
navigation involving fines:
the lessee of the unit is jointly and severally liable with the author of the
violations, if a different person.
The unauthorised pursuit of commercial activities with recreational craft is punished:
with an administrative fine ranging from EUR 2,755 to EUR 11,017.
In the case of nautical leasing:
the user assumes full responsibility for the control.
The master of the vessel who, in the event of a collision, does not, as far as possible, give the other units the information necessary for the identification of his own vessel:
is liable to an administrative fine of between EUR 1,032.00 and 6,197.00 Euro.
With regard to the leasing of pleasure craft, which of these statements is
correct?
the lessee of a leased pleasure craft, navigates it assuming the
responsibilities and risks.
What are the obligations to be fulfilled by the keeper of a recreational vessel
located?
use the vessel in accordance with the technical characteristics resulting from the licence
of navigation and in accordance with the purpose of recreation.
The lease of pleasure boats and ships:
original or certified copy must be kept on board.
The navigation licence and other prescribed documents are kept on board:
in the original, or in a certified copy if sailing between ports of the State.
The security certificate:
certifies the seaworthiness of the unit and is part of the on-board documents.
The power declaration of the engine installed on board:
is part of the on-board documents of watercraft and outboard boats.
The temporary navigation authorisation act
is valid as a ship’s document and entitles the holder to navigation within the limits permitted by the construction characteristics of the vessel, as well as to navigation in foreign territorial waters for the period of time necessary for participation in trade fairs,
salons and other exhibition events.
With regard to the chartering of pleasure craft, which of these statements is correct?
the contract shall be drawn up in writing under penalty of nullity and shall be kept on board in
original or certified copy.
The use of a recreational craft by means of leases or
rental results:
from the navigation licence.
How far from the coast can rowing boats (pedalos, sandolines, etc.) sail?
within 1 mile from the coast.
On reaching the age of 16:
you may take command and conduct motorised and sailing vessels with auxiliary engines and motor sailers, provided that no licence is required
sailing.
A boating licence may be suspended:
for taking command while intoxicated (intoxication) or under the influence of
narcotics (drugs).
Pleasure craft are classified according to the:
overall length.
A 9-metre long motorised unit is classified:
pleasure boat.
The discovery of a wreck must be reported to the competent authority by:
3 days after finding or landing.
Inland maritime waters consist of:
from the maritime waters between the coast and the baseline.
Are vessels obliged to fly the national flag?
no.
The navigation limits of units bearing the ‘CE’ mark are defined:
by the significant height of the waves and the strength of the wind.
Can a ‘habitual offender’ obtain a boating licence?
no.
The national flag must be displayed:
from ships and pleasure boats.
Can a ‘CE’ marked pleasure boat go abroad?
yes, if the design category allows you to undertake the necessary navigation
to reach the foreign destination.
A report of an extraordinary event is filed if in the course of:
navigation, abnormal events have occurred with regard to the unit or persons on board.
The navigation licence is valid:
as long as the recreational craft does not undergo any changes to structural or
identification of the same or important innovations.
The obligation to have a licence to drive a pleasure boat arises:
when the engine power exceeds 40.8 hp, subject to the displacement, the
engine and the fuel used.
A boating licence is required for the command or conduct of a boat from
pleasure boating within 6 miles from the coast, when an engine of 29 kW and 750 cubic centimetres capacity is installed on board?
no, in this case it is only required to have reached the age of 18.
Which recreational craft are subject to the ‘CE’ marking?
units between 2.5 metres and 24 metres in length, if placed on the market after the
16/06/1998.
A boating licence is compulsory for the command or conduct of a vessel from
boating within 6 miles from the coast?
yes, if the unit is equipped with an engine with more than 40.8 horsepower.
A licence may be suspended in the case of assuming command of a unit from
boating with an expired licence?
there is no suspension in this case.
When is the second engine considered auxiliary?
when it is of the removable type, placed on its own support with power not exceeding
to 20% of that of the main engine.
The ‘owner’s manual’ is that document containing technical data:
of the EC type-approved vessel.
The extraordinary event report is filed:
to the Maritime or Consular Authority of the port of arrival.
What does assuming, with the expired licence, the command or conduct of
a unit subject to a licence requirement?
a hefty administrative fine.
The licence and other documents for recreational craft must always be kept at edge in the original?
no, for navigation between national ports it is sufficient to have the certified copies on board
to the original.
Where are pleasure boats and ships registered?
in the ATCN (Archivio Telematico Centrale della Nautica da Diporto) through the
STED (Sportello Telematico del Diportista)
For the command and conduct of a sailing pleasure boat without auxiliary engine, for navigation in inland waters and in maritime waters within 6 miles
from the coast is sufficient:
have reached the age of eighteen.
With a nautical licence within 12 miles of the coast, you can command
a recreational vessel authorised to sail without distance limits from the coast?
yes, as long as it does not exceed the 12-mile limit from the coast.
It is possible to command and drive a pleasure boat used with contracts
of hire?
yes, only on condition of possession of an appropriate yachting qualification
prescribed by law.
A sum is paid to ‘take pleasure’ in a vessel for a certain period of time and the contract excludes the ‘possibility of redemption’ on its expiry;
we are in the presence of a contract of:
lease.
If you pay a sum to use the services of a person, who makes himself available and puts his vessel at your disposal for a certain period of time
time, you have a contract of:
hire.
Which of the following statements about chartering pleasure craft is correct?
the chartered unit remains at the disposal of the owner/owner (charterer),
to which the crew also remains.
Occasional hire is:
the right of the owner of a vessel to charter his vessel for a maximum of 42 days per year after notifying the Agency of each individual contract
Inland Revenue and the Maritime Authority. It does not constitute a professional
activity.
Which of the following statements on the yacht charter contract is correct?
may also provide for several “cabin charterers”; unless the parties agree otherwise, several charter contracts shall be concluded for as many charterers of each
cabin or group of cabins.
A pleasure craft with an overall length of 7 metres may be registered in the
register of pleasure boats?
Yes, but it is subject to the legal regime of pleasure boats.
A 55-year-old citizen needs to renew his driving licence; the validity of the new document will be:
of 10 years.
Pleasure boating is defined as boating carried out for the purpose:
sporting or recreational or commercial, as provided for in the Boating Code by
boating.
How is the temporal validity of the boating licence structured?
10 years if not over 60, 5 years if over 60
of age.
Taking command of a unit without having obtained the required qualification,
involves:
administrative sanction ranging from EUR 2,755 to EUR 11,017 and suspension of the
navigation licence for 30 days.
Do I always need a licence to drive a jet ski?
yes, always.
The declaration of an extraordinary event must be issued:
by the unit commander.
The service vessel (tender) is not obliged to have safety equipment and means of
rescue, without prejudice to individual life-saving equipment, if it sails:
within one mile of the coast or the mother unit.
Is a nautical licence compulsory for the command or conduct of a pleasure boat within 6 miles from the coast when an engine with a power rating of 29 kW and a cubic capacity of 1,398 cubic centimetres with 4-stroke carburettor is installed on board?
yes, in this case there is a boating licence requirement.
The obligation of liability insurance falls:
on any marine engine, removable or not, regardless of power.
If no injuries occurred to persons on board, the report of the event
extraordinary must be submitted:
within three days of arrival in port.
When is a boating licence suspended?
for serious acts of inexperience and imprudence.
All motorised units are obliged to keep the declaration of
engine power (or engine certificate)?
no, in addition to pleasure boats, only pleasure boats equipped with
outboard motor.
The document containing, among other characteristics, the data of a vessel and the data
the personal data of its owner, is referred to as:
navigation licence.
In the case of a non-chartered unit, is the safety certificate issued?
only to ships and pleasure boats.
The limits set by law for obtaining a boating licence with regard to the
engine are determined:
from maximum operating power.
The driver of a jet ski must:
wear a lifejacket and observe the locally prescribed speed limits.
A 13-metre long unit with a sail area of 80 square metres and an engine
of 45 hp:
requires a navigation licence.
A boating licence is revoked in the event of:
in case of loss of moral and physical requirements.
A ‘CE’ marked vessel, how many people can it carry?
those indicated in the type-approval certificate.
A licence is compulsory for the command or conduct of a pleasure boat within 6 miles from the coast when an outboard engine is installed on board
with a power output of 29 kW and a displacement of 1,299 cubic centimetres with direct
injection?
yes, in this case there is a boating licence requirement.
A licence to operate a jet ski is compulsory:
always.
It is certainly considered an ‘extraordinary event’:
the stranding.
To whom the report of an extraordinary event should be submitted
abroad?
to the flagship consulate.
A nautical licence is compulsory for sailing with a pleasure boat
within 6 miles from the coast, when an engine with a power output of 29 kW and a cubic capacity of 1,098 cubic centimetres and four-stroke carburettor is installed on board?
yes, in this case there is a boating licence requirement.
A boating licence is compulsory to drive a recreational craft with an engine of
35 Kw?
always.
The validity of the boating licence is 10 years until the completion of the
60th year and then 5 years.
A vessel is that unit:
not registered.
Whoever holds the helm of a pleasure boat must necessarily have of boating licence?
no, as long as there is another person on board who is duly qualified for the type of navigation
in place to take responsibility for command and conduct.
The document listing the characteristics of a vessel’s engine is known under
of:
power declaration.
Design category ‘B’ presupposes that the recreational craft is in
able to navigate (identify the correct statement):
in the presence of wind force not exceeding 8 and significant wave height not
greater than 4 metres.
Design category ‘C’ presupposes that the recreational craft is in
able to navigate (identify the correct statement):
in the presence of wind force not exceeding 6 and significant wave height not
greater than 2 metres.
A nautical licence is compulsory for navigation with a pleasure boat within 6 miles from
the coast when an engine with a power of 29 kW is installed on board and displacement of 998 cubic centimetres and four-stroke outboard carburettor?
no, in this case it is only required to have reached the age of 16.
Design category ‘D’ presupposes that the recreational craft is in
able to navigate (identify the correct statement):
in the presence o f wind force not exceeding 4 and significant wave height not
greater than 0.3 metres, occasionally 0.5 metres.
Check before departure that the safety equipment of a vessel is
efficient, is a task for whom?
of the unit commander.
Generally speaking, the minimum number of crew members of any unit from
pleasure boats (provided they are not for hire) is established:
by the master according to the navigation to be undertaken in relation to the
sea conditions and distance from safe harbours.
The jet ski can sail beyond the minimum speed:
more than 1000 metres from the coast, 500 metres from the cliffs.
Is a driving licence compulsory for the use of jet skis?
yes, always.
A CE-approved vessel can sail:
within 12 miles from the coast, if approved for navigation without any limits.
The commander is responsible:
the replacement of life-saving appliances and safety equipment with
deterioration or deficiencies impairing its efficiency.
The practice of water skiing also involves the use of the following equipment:
first-aid kit and a lifebuoy for each of the towed skiers.
What equipment does water skiing involve?
first-aid kit and a lifebuoy for each of the towed skiers.
Drivers of recreational craft with inboard and outboard engines,
used for the practice of water skiing:
must have a boating licence.
Drivers of inboard and outboard-powered vessels used for operating
of water skiing, they must:
always be assisted by another person experienced in swimming.
With regard to the discipline of water skiing, which of these statements is correct?
it is forbidden for any motorised vessel to follow, in its wake or at a shorter than safe distance, other vessels towing skiers or to cross their wake in
speed close enough to run over skiers in the event of a fall.
In the sea areas in front of beaches, in the absence of launching corridors, the departure or
the return of motorised naval units towing skiers:
must take place at a speed not exceeding three knots in the last 200 metres from the bathymetric depth of 1.60 metres.
Water skiing is permitted for safety reasons:
exclusively during daylight hours, when the weather is favourable and the sea is calm.
The driver of a recreational craft must hold a licence
in the practice of water skiing?
yes.
For water skiing, in addition to the skier, how many people must be at
edge:
one, an expert in swimming.
In which sea area is water skiing possible?
more than 200 metres from the beach, measured from a bathymetric depth of 1.60 metres, unless otherwise
provisions of the Maritime Authority.
Water skiing is practicable:
in daylight hours, with favourable weather and calm seas.
The minimum distance between the water skier and the towing vehicle is
12 metres.
The unit with which water skiing is practised:
can be any type of vessel.
In the case of water skiing performed with a recreational vessel, the driver must possess
a boating licence.
Where should the water skier start and recover?
only in waters free of swimmers and boats, if not prohibited by ordinances
premises, i.e. within the launch corridors.
The unit towing the water skier must be equipped with:
first-aid kit, tow bar and rear-view mirror.
Generally speaking, what is the minimum distance for water skiing from the falling coastline at
peak over the sea?
100 metres.
Who recognises the suitability of the tow bar and rear-view mirror for the purposes of
water skiing?
the Harbour Master’s Office.
In the sea areas in front of beaches, in the absence of launching and stationary corridors subject to the provisions of the Maritime Authority’s order, the departure and
return of the unit towing the water skier:
takes place on a course normal to the coastline and at a speed not exceeding 3 knots.
For each skier towed, there must be a skier on board the towing unit:
1 lifebuoy at hand.
In order to water-ski, the engine of the unit towing the water skier
must be:
equipped with a gear reverser and a neutralisation device.
To carry out water skiing, as equipment, not provided for in Annex V to the DM
146/2008, in order to sail within 12 miles from the coast, do you have to add on board?
a first-aid kit.
To water-ski, the driver observes the skier through a mirror
rear-view mirror:
convex.
How many skiers can be towed simultaneously by the same unit from
boating?
two.
The lateral distance between a boat towing a skier and other vessels must be:
longer than the length of the tow cable.
