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Anatomy - H > Patella & Short Hip Lateral Rotators > Flashcards

Patella & Short Hip Lateral Rotators Flashcards

1
Q

Distal attachment of piriformis

A

Greater trochanter (posteromedial)

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2
Q

Proximal attachment of piriformis

A

Anterior sacrum through. Greater sciatic notch

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3
Q

Actions of the piriformis

A

Abduction (60 degrees) and lateral/medial (60+ degrees) rotation

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4
Q

Proximal attachment of obturator internus

A

Obturator foramen

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5
Q

Distal attachment of obturator internus

A

Greater trochanter (posteromedial)

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6
Q

Proximal attachment of gemellus superior

A

Ischeal spine

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7
Q

Distal attachment of gemellus superior

A

Greater trochanter (posteromedial)

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8
Q

Distal attachment of gemellus inferior

A

Greater trochanter (posteromedial)

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9
Q

6 short hip lateral rotators

A
  1. Piriformis
  2. Obturator internus
  3. Obturator externus
  4. Gemellus superior
  5. Gemellus inferior
  6. Quadratus femoris
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10
Q

Proximal attachment of quadratus femoris

A

Lateral ischial tuberosity

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11
Q

Distal attachment of quadratus femoris

A

Intertrochanteric crest

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12
Q

Action of quadratus femoris

A

Lateral rotation

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13
Q

Proximal attachment of obturator externus

A

Obturator foramen (outer margin)

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14
Q

Distal attachment of obturator externus

A

Greater trochanter (posteromedial)

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15
Q

Bone embedded in/enveloped by a tendon

A

Sesamoid

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16
Q

Where is patella embedded?

A

In rectus femoris

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17
Q

Primary weight-bearing bone of leg

A

Tibia

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18
Q

Fibula carries how much of body weight?

A

~1/6

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19
Q

Apex of fibula aka

A

Styloid process

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20
Q

Lateral projection of ankle

A

Lateral malleolus

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21
Q

Medial condyle aka

A

Medial tibial plateau

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22
Q

Gerdy’s tubercle aka

A

Lateral tibial tubercle

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23
Q

Attachment point for the soleus muscle

A

Soleus line

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24
Q

3 articulations of knee

A
  1. Lateral tibial condyle with lateral femoral condyle
  2. Medial tibial condyle with medial femoral condyle
  3. Patella with femur
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25
Q

Close-packed position of knee

A

Extension

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26
Q

Loose-packed position of knee

A

Flexion

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27
Q

What kind of joint is tibiofemoral?

A

Synovial modified hinge

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28
Q

What is longer: medial or lateral condyle?

A

Medial condyle

29
Q

Angle formed by. Line from ASIS through patella and from tibial tuberosity and patella

How big?

A

Q angle

15 degrees

30
Q

Medial/lateral tibial condyles articulate with those of femur

A

Tibiofemoral joint

31
Q

Patella facets articulate with patellar surface of femur

A

Patellofemoral joint

32
Q

What type of joint is patellofemoral?

A

Synovial plane

33
Q

What projects further anteriorly: lateral or medial femoral condyle?

A

Lateral femoral condyle

34
Q

Lateral deviation of distal bone of joint

A

Valgus

35
Q

Medial deviation of distal bone of joint

A

Varus

36
Q

Knock kneed

A

Genu Valgum

37
Q

Bow legged

A

Genu varum

38
Q

A hit or trauma can alter knee position

A

Valgus or varus knee

39
Q

Attachments of lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

A

Lateral epicondyle of femur to fibular head

40
Q

What does fibular collateral ligament restrict?

A

Varus deviation

41
Q

What are the attachments for medial (tibial) collateral ligament

A

Medial epicondyle of femur to medial condyle of tibia

42
Q

What does medial collateral ligament restrict?

A

Valgus deviation

43
Q

Anterior/posterior cruciate ligament attachment

A

Anterior/posterior intercondylar area of tibia to posteromedial lateral femoral condyle/anterolateral medial femoral condyle

44
Q

Cruciate ligaments are named for what?

A

Where they attach on tibia

45
Q

When are ACL and PCL slack and taut?

A

ACL: slack when flexed, taut in extension
PCL: slack when extended, taut in flexion

46
Q

What do ACL and PCL restrict?

A

ACL: anterior translation of tibia on femur (or posterior translation of femur on tibia) and knee extension

PCL: posterior translation of tibia on femur (or anterior translation of tibia on femur) and knee flexion

47
Q

Plates of fibrocartilage attached to articular surface of tibia

A

Meniscus

48
Q

C-shaped

O- shaped

A

Medial meniscus

Lateral meniscus

49
Q

Ends of c-shape of meniscus

A

Meniscal horns

50
Q

End of medial meniscus attached to

A

Medial collateral ligament

51
Q

Bursa between tendon of quad and femur

A

Suprapatellar bursa

52
Q

What is suprapatellar bursa held in place by?

A

Articularis genus muscle

53
Q

Housemaid’s knee aka

A

Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa

54
Q

Carpet-layer’s/clergyman’s knee

A

Subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa

55
Q

Bursa between skin and patella

A

Subcutaneous prepatellar bursa (housemaid’s knee)

56
Q

Bursa between skin and proximal tibia

A

Subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa (carpet-layer’s knee)

57
Q

Bursa between quad tendon and anterior tibia

A

Deep infrapatellar bursa

58
Q

Bursa between tendons of pes anserinus muscles and medial tibia

A

Pes anserine bursa

59
Q

Pes anserinus muscles

A

Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

60
Q

Medial semimembranous bursa aka

A

Baker’s cyst

61
Q

Bursa between tendons of medial semimembranous muscles and medial gastrocnemius

A

Medial semimembranous bursa

62
Q

Bursa between IT band and lateral femoral epicondyle

A

Bursa deep to IT band

63
Q

IT band friction syndrome

A

Runner’s knee

64
Q

Two menisci are connected by what?

A

Transverse ligament of the knee

65
Q

Attach menisci to their tibial condyles

A

Medial/lateral coronary ligaments

66
Q

Proximal attachment of gemellus inferior

A

Ischeal tuberosity

67
Q

Q angle fibre direction

A

Superolateral

68
Q

What three body parts receive the most pressure in valgus deviation?

A

Medial (tibial) collateral ligament
Medial meniscus
Anterior cruciate ligament

Aka terrible triad

69
Q

What ligament is stressed in hyperextension?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament

Anatomy - H (1 decks)

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