past questions Flashcards
this gland is not a specific pheromone producing gland:
- Rabbit face gland
- Gerbil’s umbilical gland
- Dogs cicumanal gland
- Hamster’s hip gland
Rabbits face gland
which is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals:
- Skin transplantation
- SSLP (micro - satelite)
- Biomedical markers
- Back gross breeding
Back gross breedig
name a drawback of preference tests?
animals choose on the basis of short term conditions
which measurement is used to express energy requirement of laboratory animals?
Metabolic body weight
Sentinels are?
animals used to evaluate a group’s health status
which method would you use to get 1ml of blood from a rat?
cardiac puncture
you cannot buy this diet from a commercial producer:
- Commercial pellet
- chemically defined diet
- liquid diet
- gel
chemically defined diet
which is not an alpha 2 agonist:
- xylazine
- detomidine
- Tolmetine
- romofidine
Tolmetine
which is not an inherited disease of a rat?
- Deafness
- Hypo-acidosis
- diabetes
- obesity
Hypo-acidosis
the basic method of rodent phenotyping is to look for?
chromosoma test
which is Not part of refinement of an animal experiment?
- alternatives to animal use
- genetic homogeneity
- health status
- proper defined diet
alternatives to animal use
which animals are covered by 63/2010 EEC directive?
Vertebrates and cephalipodes
GLP not concerned about conditions under which laboratory:
- studies are planned
- are built
- reasearch is performed
- studies are recorded and reported
are built
which species can die after oral penicilin administration?
guinea pig
what is an important mechanism of nutrigenomics ?
changing the signal pathway
acute toxicity test has an invasiveness category of _ pain?
severe
what is the maintenance energy requirement of lab animals?
0.45 MJ DE x W0.75
this disease is not a zoonosis?
- lymphatic choriomenigitis of mice
- salmonellosis
- listeriosis
- ringtail
ring tail
what is the aim of recommended nutrient allowences
to ensure the reproduction and longevity of the animals
which cannot be a stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome:
- Ulceration
- bacteraemia
- inflammation
- mating overload
ulceration
Quarantine period is not defined by:
- Health status of the animal
- species
- number of animals
- purpose of use
number of animals
which species has tight skin, so cannot grab it without causing pain to the animal?
Guinea pig
which is not a physical euthanasia method?
- T61
- cervical dislocation
- maceration
- decapitation
maceration
which species is not a member of rodentia genus?
- golden hamster
- marmoset
- gerbil
- guinea pig
marmoset
OECD do not deal with questions about
- validation of in vitro methods
- GLP
- co-ordination of toxicological databases
- validation of national laws
validation of in vitro methods
Gerbil is a good model for
Epilepsy aorta
this animal cannot be examined by ultrasound:
- Rabbit
- guinea pig
- golden hamster
- dog
Golden hamster
which is not true for chronic mycoplasmosis of mice
- agent is mycoplasma pulmonis
- zoonotic
- 12-18 day old puppies are most susceptible
- can appear with sendai virus
zoonotic
what lab animal is closest taxonimically to the syrian hamster?
Gerbil
what lab animal is good to use for auditory research?
Chinchilla
which is a breeding technique which is not used to maintain an out-bred stock
- brother sister mating
- random breeding
- MAI
- cross-breeding
brother sister mating
A contaminated breeding line should be:
- euthanized
- put under negative pressure cabin
- treated with antibiotics
- individually marked
euthanized
in reproductive toxicology, not acceptable treatment
- used only for parents before mating
- between implantation and foetogenesis
- between foetogenesis and parturition
- from parent before mating till separation from dam
only used for parents before mating
which part of the mouse can be used for intra-dermal injection
ear
pasturella pneumotropica does not attack the
- uterus
- prostate
- brain
- lungs
Brain
environmental enrichment should not be done
- just for human fun
- for the benifit of the animals
- with the sense of animals
- with some unpredictability
just for human fun
how would you restrain a gerbil
hand around the chest
who will decide on institute level if an animal experiment was necessary or not
ethical commite (animal welfare body)
it is not a zoonosis
- Hantaan virus disease
- sendai virus disease
- salmonellosis
- lymphocytic - chorio meningitis (LCM)
sendai virus disease
female rat will reach breeding maturity at ?
1 month
the basic method for rodant sexing?
looking for ano-genital distance
the recommended nurtient allowences
ensure the optimum functioning of the animals
maintenance energy of lab animals and for extrapolation od dosage use?
w0.75
the main body of laboratory animal science in the world is?
CLAS
what does ‘environmental enrichment’ mean in the laboratory
to give bedding material or toys to experimental animals if possible
feeding of rancid and/or vitamin E deficient feed may result in
dermatitis
zebradanio is an?
omnivore
it is an alternative use of animals in experiments
database search and meta- analysis
sub-cutaneous injury has a severity category of _ pain
minor
what are the three Rs described by Russel and Burch
Reduction
Replacement
refinement
it is not true about euthanasia
- must be performed by a researcher or other trained person
- should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment
- should be planned in experimental protocol
- can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
can be used to get a large amount of blod out of an animal
what does ‘Knock out animal’ mean
transgenic animal
which method would you use to get a drop of blood from mice
Retro-orbital puncture
which name indicated out-bred stock
Ir: NMRI
you cannot use this method for rat euthanasia?
- Ketamine
- Decapitation
- cervical dislocation with weight limit
- CO2
Ketamine
what is the best equipment to maintain a transgenic colony in
base colony in different countries
which species has only provoked ovulation
Ferret
what does expression ‘inbred strain’ mean
brother and sister mating through atleast 20 generations
which species is the best for atherosclerosis research
WHHL - rabbit
notes - gerbil
you can find a ‘sacculus rotundus or ampulla ilei’ in the
rabbit
this gland is a specific pheromone producer gland
hamster’s lateral gland
which lab species has a gall bladder
golden hamster
what does SPF mean
species pathogen free
how would you restrain a rat for per-os dosing
by grabbing the back of the neck (scruff)
which sentence is not true for environmental enrichment
- device in case that animal can control
- all posibilities should be done to improve animal’s well - being what the experiment allows
- always should be evaluated on cross-benifit base
- a nest material is an example of that
device in case that animal can control
what are gnotobiotic (=axenic) animals
Germ free
what does rederivation mean?
production of germ-free strain by embryo transfer
in the practice, it is not possible to produce germ free colony from this species
- rat
- golden hamster
- rabbit
- duck
duck
which would be the best feeding regime in an experiement
Ad lib
what is well being
state of physiological and psycological harmony of the animal with its internal and external environment
which vein can be used for IV injection in a ferret
V. jugularis externa
how would you restrain a rabbit
bu grabbing as much skin on the back as possible
you cannot use this method for euthanasia on new-born, nest living animals
- cutting of neck
- cervical dislocation
- CO2 inhalation
- electric stunning
CO2 inhalation
which method would you use to get 10ml of blood from an adult rat?
preparation of abdominal aorta
which mouse strain is sensitive to Pneumocystis carni
Swiss
which is not necessary before transport of rodent?
- fasting
- clinical examination
- ear printing
- acclimatisation
fasting
when this phenomenon disappears, the narcosis ends with death
corneal reflex
it is not true about euthanasia:
- should be cheap
- should achieve rapid unconciousness and death
- should be safe for user
- should be simple for administer
should be cheap
which one is not true about the co-isogenic strains:
- the new gene is a product of naturat maturation
- it can only be maintained in a homozygous form
- the name contains the strain/sub - strain and the symbol of the mutant gene
- the co - isogenic strain only differs by one gene from the original
it can only be maintained in a homozygous form
a dog is not a good model for?
- tumour - cancer research
- Leptospirosis
- epilepsy
- cardiovascular atherosclerosis
cardiovascular atherosclerosis
what is the liveweight of a micro pig
20-45kg
experimental design cannot be
- cross over design
- latin square design
- cross breeding
- factorial design
cross breeding
the basic circadian rhythm is dependent on?
gene expression of a protein
melatonin is produced by the?
pineal gland
this species us used mostly in viral respiratory research
ferret
a chronic stress can cause this type of behaviour
Apathy/ aggression
well-being cannot be measured by
- Clinical assesment
- pysiological parameters
- grimace score
- reproductive state
reproductive state
which enviroment is good for animals
classical music
which tissue is least sensitive to suffering
brain tissue
the naked mole rat has an extra-ordinary long lifespan because of
special hyaluronan which prevent cancer
the co-efficient on inbreeding
means the fraction of the genes that get fixed in a homozygous state
it is an inherited disease in some mouse strains
deafness
which is a member of the pox viridae
Ectomelia virus
what causes ringtail
too low relative humidity
which is not part of refinement of animal experimentation
- hair colour
- health status
- analgesia
- environmental enrichment
hair colour
what is the hearing range of rodents
0.5/1-100/120 kHz
which species has one pair of teats
guinea pig
which species has a ‘peg’ (double incisor teeth)
Rabbit
the two important words for animals concerning pain feeling ( weiss - trial)
predictability and controlability
mouse pox is caused by
Ectomelia
this is not a physical euthanasia method
- T61
- cooling in refrigerator
- cervical dislocation
- decapitation
cooling in refrigerator
feature of the african clawed frog ( xenopus)
shows mating behaviour after Hcg injection
which is not a feature of the axolotl
- carnivorous
- capeable of regenerating lost limbs
- has a long lifespan ( 8-10 years)
- reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
laboratory animals - except the guinea pig usually adjust their feed intake to satisfy their?
energy requirement
which species can die after oral antibiotic treatment
rabbit and guinea pig
what is the role of PPAR
to burn fats
which of the following has no anti-cancer effects
- green tea
- resveratrol
- Iron
- CLA
iron
what has an important role in the mechanism of epigenomics
Methylation of DNA
what is the lifespan of Zebra fish
6-8 years (according to dick wad)
3-5 years according to internet
which has no role in epigenomics
- sulfurinization
- change of base in DNA
- DNA - methylation
- Histon acetylation
change of base in DNA
the role of _ is a fine regulation of the protein synthesis in the cell:
miRNA/ siRNA
in some cases the epigenetic changes may be inherited
if the effect(s) acts during germ-cell proliferation (‘time window’)
you can find neoteny in
Axolotl
pheromones are detected by
VNO
you can prevent constant estrus by using GnRH agonist implants in which species
Ferrets
the cephalopods protection
protected by the 2010/63/EU directive since 2013
what is true about animals in an outbred stock
they are anisogenic
chromorhydachyrrhea is caused by
vitamin A deficiency
it can pass through the uterine wall
mouse mammary tumour
LCM
carbohydrate ingestion stimulates
the fatty acid synthase gene expression
drug that may increase the mitochodrial number
resveratrol
what is the most used model for drug metabolism studys in humans
Macaco
describe the naked mole rat as an animal model
- have a gene which concerves collagen
- do not age
- do not get tumours
- lifespan of 20-30 years
- complex social system and hierachy
- best model for aging and cancer studies
explain the pain scoring system for glires
describe the evaluation of the glires pain categories
- 0 points = none
- 1 point = mild
- 2 points = moderate
- 3 points = severe
- based on apperance, behavioir, pulse, appetite/ drinking, cardiovascular, digestive and nervous systems
- 0-4 = normal
- 5-9 = needs analgesia
- 10-14 = moderate pain, possibly need to terminate trial
- 15-20 = not physiological, stop the trial
explain the epigenetics mechanism of action
- modifications - e.g. methylation, histone acetylation, which protect DNA and modify which genes are expressed or silence
- Does not change genome itself
- may be inherited
- influenced by outside stimuli e.g. nutritional status
give the meaning of the pyrmid conception with examples. shortly describe the pyramid conception, with examples
- computer - synthesize compounds
- bacteria - test for teratogenicity
- cell culture - eliminate harmful compounds
- invertebrates
- fish
- mammals
- non-human primates
- humans
