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Lab animals and bioethics > Past Qs > Flashcards

Past Qs Flashcards

1
Q

This gland is not a specific pheromone producer gland

  1. Rabbit’s face gland
  2. Gerbil’s umbilical gland
  3. Dogs circumanal gland
  4. Hamsters hip gland
A
  1. Rabbits face gland is not a specific pheromone producer gland
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2
Q

Which is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals?

  1. Skin transplantation
  2. SSLP (micro-satellite)
  3. Back gross breeding
  4. Biomedical markers
A
  1. Back gross breeding is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals
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3
Q

Drawback of preference tests:

A

Animal choose the base of short term conditions

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4
Q

Which measurement is used to express energy requirement of laboratory animals?

A

Metabolic body weight

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5
Q

Sentinels are …

A

Animals used to evaluate a groups health status

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6
Q

Which method would you use to get 1ml of blood from a rat?

A

Cardiac puncture

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7
Q

You cannot buy this type of diet from a commercial supplier

  1. Commercial pellet
  2. Chemically defined diet
  3. Liquid diet
  4. Gel
A
  1. Chemically defined diet can not be bought form a commercial supplier
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8
Q

Not alpha-2-agonist:

  1. Xilazine
  2. Detomidine
  3. Romofidine
  4. Tolmetine
A
  1. Tolmetine is not an alpha-2-agonist
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9
Q

Not inherited disease of rat

  1. Deaf
  2. Hypo-acidosis
  3. Diabetes
  4. Obesity
A
  1. Hypo-acidosis is not an inherited disease in rats
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10
Q

The basic method of rodent phenotyping is to look for..?

A

Chromosoma test

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11
Q

Not part of refinement of animal experimentation

  1. Alternatives to animal use
  2. Genetic homogeneity
  3. Health status
  4. Proper defined diet
A
  1. Alternatives to animal use is not part of refinement of animal experimentation
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12
Q

Which animals are covered by 63/2010 EEC directive?

A

Vertebrates and cephalipodes

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13
Q

GLP not concerned about conditions under which laboratory

  1. Are build
  2. Studies are planned
  3. Research are preformed
  4. Studies are recorded and reported
A
  1. Are build
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14
Q

Which species can die after oral penicillin treatment?

A

Guinea pig

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15
Q

Important mechanism of nutriogenomics

A

Changing the signalling pathway

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16
Q

Acute toxicity test has invasiveness category of … pain

A

Severe

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17
Q

Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals

A

0.45MJ DE x W^0.75

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18
Q

This disease is not a zoonosis

  1. Lymphatic choriomeningitis of mice
  2. Salmonellosis
  3. Listeriosis
  4. Ringtail
A
  1. Ringtail is not a zoonosis
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19
Q

The recommended nutrient allowances

A

Ensure the reproduction and longevity of the animals

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20
Q

Cannot be stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome

  1. Ulceration
  2. Bacteraemia
  3. Infammation
  4. Mating overload
A
  1. Ulceration is not a stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome
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21
Q

Quarantine period is not determined by

  1. Health status of animals
  2. Number of animals
  3. Species
  4. Purpose of use
A
  1. Number of animals
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22
Q

Which species has a tied skin, so cannot grab it without causing pain to the animal

A

Guinea pig

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23
Q

Not physical euthanasia method

  1. Maceration
  2. T61
  3. Cervical dislocation
  4. Decapitation
A
  1. Maceration is not a physical euthanasia method
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24
Q

Which species is not a member of Rodentia genus

  1. Golden hamster
  2. Gerbil
  3. Marmoset
  4. Guinea pig
A
  1. Marmoset is not a ember of Rodentia genus
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25
Q

OECD do not deal with questions about

  1. Validation of in vitro methods
  2. GLP
  3. Co-ordination of toxicological databases
  4. Validation of national laws
A
  1. Validation of in vitro methods
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26
Q

Gerbil is a good model for

A

Epilepsy aorta

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27
Q

The animal cannot be examined with ultrasound

  1. Rabbit
  2. Golden hamster
  3. Guinea pig
  4. Dog
A
  1. Golden hamster cannot be examined with ultrasound
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28
Q

Not true for chronic mycoplasmosis of mice

  1. Agent is Mycoplasma pulmonis
  2. 12-18 day old puppies are most disposed
  3. Can appear with Sendau virus
  4. Zoonosis
A
  1. Zoonosis
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29
Q

The closest species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is …

A

Gerbil

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30
Q

Good species to use for auditory research

A

Chinchilla

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31
Q

Breeding technique which is not used to maintain an out-bred stock

  1. Random breeding
  2. MAI
  3. Brother-sister mating
  4. Cross-breeding
A
  1. Brother-sister mating
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32
Q

It can be used for intra-dermal injection

A

Mice ear

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33
Q

Pasteurella pneumotropica does not attack

  1. Brain
  2. Uterus
  3. Prostate
  4. Lung
A
  1. Brain
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34
Q

Environmental enrichment should not be done …

  1. For the benefit of the animal
  2. With the sense of animals
  3. Just for human fun
  4. With some unpredictability
A
  1. Just for human fun
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35
Q

How do you restrain a gerbil?

A

Hand around the chest

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36
Q

Who will decide on institute level if an animal experiment was necessary or not?

A

Ethical committee (Animal Welfare Body)

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37
Q

It is not a zoonosis

  1. Hataan virus disease
  2. Sendai virus disease
  3. Salmonellosis
  4. Lymphocytic-Chorio Meningitis (LCM)
A
  1. Sendai virus disease
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38
Q

This female embryo in a rat will achive breeding maturity (M=month)

A

1M

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39
Q

The basic method of rodent sexing is to look for

A

Ano-genital distance

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40
Q

The recommended nutrient allowances…

A

Ensure the optimum functioning of the animals

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41
Q

Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals and for extrapolation of dosage use:

A

W 0.75

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42
Q

The main body of Laboratory Animal Science of the World is

A

CLAS

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43
Q

What “environmental Enrichment” mean in laboratory?

A

To give bedding material or toys to experimental animal if possible

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44
Q

Feeding rancid feed and/or vitamin E deficient feed may cause …

A

Dermatitis

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45
Q

Zabradanio is

A

Omnivore

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46
Q

It is an alternative use of animals in experiments

A

Database search and meta-analysis

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47
Q

Which 3 words called the 3 R’s by Russel and Burch?

A

Reduction, Replacement, Refinement

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48
Q

It is not true about euthanasia

  1. Must be performed by researcher or other trained person
  2. Should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment
  3. Should be planned in experimental protocol
  4. Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
A
  1. Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal

(2 was marked as correct : should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment ??)

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49
Q

What does “knock out animal” mean?

A

Transgenic animal

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50
Q

Which method would you use to get a drop of blood from mice

A

Retro-orbital puncture

51
Q

Which name indicated an outbred stock?

A

…Ir:NMRI

52
Q

You cannot use this method for euthanasia on rat

  1. Ketamine
  2. Decapitation
  3. Cervical dislocation with weight limit
  4. CO2
A
  1. Ketamine
53
Q

What is the best equiptment to maintain a transgenic colony in?

A

Base colony in different countries

54
Q

Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?

A

Ferret

55
Q

Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?

A

Ferret

56
Q

What does the expression “inbred strain” mean?

A

Brother-sister mating through at least 20 generations

57
Q

Which species is the best in atherosclerosis research?

A

WHHL-rabbit

Notes - Gerbil

58
Q

You can find a “sacculus rotundus or ampulla ilei” in the

A

Rabbit

59
Q

This gland is a specific pheromone producer gland

A

Hamsters lateral gland

60
Q

Which species has a gall bladder?

A

Golden hamster

61
Q

What does SPF mean?

A

Specific Pathogen Free

62
Q

How would you restrain a rat for per-oral dosing?

A

By grabbing the skin on the back and neck

63
Q

Which sentence is not true about “environmental enrichment”

  1. All possibitilies should be done to improve animal’s well-being what the experiment allows
  2. Always should be evaluated on cross-benefit base
  3. A nest material is an example for that
  4. Device in case that animal can control
A
  1. Device in case that animal can control
64
Q

Gnotobiotic (=Axenic) animals are …

A

Germ free

65
Q

What does rederivation mean?

A

Production of germ-free strain by embryo transfer

66
Q

In the prectice, it is not possible to produce germ-free colony from this species

  1. Rat
  2. Duck
  3. Golden hamster
  4. Rabbit
A
  1. Duck
67
Q

Which would be the best feeding regime in an experiment?

A

Ad libitum

68
Q

What is well-being?

A

State of physiological and psychological harmony of the animal with its internal and external environment

69
Q

Which vein can be used for IV injection in ferret?

A

Jugilar vein

70
Q

How would you restrain a rabbit?

A

By grabbing as much skin as possible on back

71
Q

You cannot use this method for euthanasia on new-born, nest-linving animals

  1. Cutting the neck
  2. Cervical dislocation
  3. CO2 inhalation
  4. Electric stunning
A
  1. CO2 inhalation
72
Q

Which method would you use to get 10mL of blood from an adult rat?

A

Preparation of abdominal aorta

73
Q

Which mouse strain is sensitive to Pneumocystis carini?

A

Swiss

74
Q

Which is not necessary before transport of rodents?

  1. Clinical examination
  2. Fasting
  3. Ear printing
  4. Acclimatisation
A
  1. Fasting
75
Q

When this phenomenon disappears, the narcosis ends with death

A

Cornea reflex

76
Q

It is not true about euthanasia

  1. Should be cheap
  2. Should achieve rapid unconciousness and death
  3. Shoud be safe for user
  4. Should be simple to administer
A
  1. Should be cheap
77
Q

one is not true about the co-isogenic strains

  1. It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
  2. The new gene is the product of natural maturation
  3. The name contains the strain/sub-strain and the symbol of the mutant gene
  4. The co-isogenic strain only differs by one gene from the original one
A
  1. It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
78
Q

Dog is not good model for

  1. Tumor-cancer research
  2. Cardiovascular atherosclerosis
  3. Leptospirosis
  4. Epilepsy
A
  1. Cardiovascular atheroclerosis
79
Q

Mini-pig has a live weight of

A

20-45 kg

80
Q

Experimental design cannot be

  1. Cross-over design
  2. Latin square design
  3. Cross-breeding
  4. Factorial design
A
  1. Cross-breeding
81
Q

The basal cicadian rhythm is

A

Dependent form the gene expression of a protein

82
Q

Melatonin is produced by the …

A

Pineal gland

83
Q

This species mostly used in viral respiratory reserach

A

Ferrets

84
Q

A chronic stress can cause this type of behaviour

A

Apathy / aggression

85
Q

Which environment is good for animals

A

Classical music

86
Q

Which tissue is the least sensitive to suffering?

A

Brain tissue

87
Q

The naked model rat has an extra-ordinary long life span because of …

A

Special hyaluronan which prevent cancer

88
Q

The co-efficient on inbreeding (F)

A

Means the fraction of the genes that get fixed in a homozygous state

89
Q

It is inherited disease of some mouse strains

A

Deafness

90
Q

Which is a member of Pox viridae?

A

Ectomelia virus

91
Q

Ringtail is caused by…

A

Too low relative humidity

92
Q

Not part of refinement of animal experimentation

  1. Health status
  2. Analgesia
  3. Anvironmental enrichment
  4. Hair color
A
  1. Hair color
93
Q

The hearing range of rodents

A

0.5/1 - 100/120 kHz

94
Q

Which species has 1 pair teats?

A

Guinea pig

95
Q

Which species has a “peg” (double incosors) teeth?

A

Rabbit

96
Q

The two important words for animals concerning the pain feeling (Weiss-trail)

A

Predictability and controllability

97
Q

Mouse pox is

A

Caused by Ectomelia

98
Q

It is not a physical euthanasia method

  1. Cooling in refrigerator
  2. T61
  3. Cervical dislocation
  4. Cacapacitation
A
  1. Coolig in refrigerator
99
Q

The African clawed for (Xenopus)

A

Shows mating behaviour after Hcg injection

100
Q

The axolotl is not

  1. Carnivorous
  2. Capable off regenerating list limbs completely
  3. Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
  4. Has a long life span (8-10 years)
A
  1. Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
101
Q

Laboratory animals (except the guinea pig) usually adjust their feedintake to satisfy their …

A

Energy reqirement

102
Q

The role of PPAR is to …

A

Burn fats

103
Q

One of the following has no anti-cancer effect

  1. Iron
  2. Resveratrol
  3. CLA
  4. Green tea
A
  1. Iron
104
Q

One of them is an important mechanism of epigenomics

A

Methylation of DNA

105
Q

Zebrafish has a life-span of … years

A

6-8 (3-5 according to the internet)

106
Q

One of them has no role in epigenomics

  1. Sulfurization
  2. DNA-methylation
  3. Change of base in DNA
  4. Histon acetylation
A
  1. Change of base in DNA
107
Q

The role of … is a fine regulation of the protein synthesis in the cell

A

miRNA / siRNA

108
Q

In some cases the epigenetic changes may be inherited

A

If the effect(s) acts during the germ-cell proliferation (“time window”)

109
Q

You can find neoteny at

A

Axolotl

110
Q

Pheromones are detected by

A

VNO

111
Q

One is true about teh ferret

A

We can prevent the constant estrus by using GnRH agonist implants

112
Q

The cephalopods …

A

Are under the protection of the 2010/63/EU Directive since 2013

113
Q

Always consider using F1 hybrid because

A

Neither
Neither their biological response is more variable than the parental strains, nor their biological response is more uniform than the parental strains

114
Q

One of the statements is true

A

Animals in an outbred stock are anisogenic

115
Q

A chromorhnydachrrhea is …

A

Vitamin A deficiency

116
Q

It can go through the uteral wall

A

2 correct answers:

  • Mouse mammary tumour
  • LCM
117
Q

Carbohydrate ingestion

A

Stimualte the fatty acid sunthase gene expression

118
Q

May increase the mitochondria number

A

Resveratrol

119
Q

The most used model for drug metabolism study for humans

A

Macaco

120
Q

Describe the naked model rat as an animal model

A
  • Have a gene which conserves collagen
  • Do not age
  • Do not get tumours
  • Life-span of 20-30 years
  • Complex social system and hierarchy
  • Best model for aging and cancer studies
121
Q

Explain the pain scoring system for Glires

Describe the evaluation of the Glires pain categories

A

0 points = none
1 point = mild
2 points = moderate
3 points = severe
Based on appearance, behaviour, pulse, appetite/drinking, cardiovascular, digestive and nervous systems
0-4 = normal
5-9 = needs analgesia
10-14 = moderate pain, possible need to terminate trial
15-20 = not physiological, stop experiment!

122
Q

Explain the epigenetics mechanism of action

A
  • Modifications eg. Methylation, histone acetylation, which protect DNA and modify which genes are expressed or silenced
  • Do not change the genome itself
  • May be inherited
  • Influenced by outside stimuli, eg. nutritional status
123
Q

Give the meaning of the pyramid conception with exapmles.

Shortly describe the pyramid conception, with examples

A
  • Computer - Synthertize compounds
  • Bacteria - Test for teratogenicity
  • Cell culture - Eliminate harmful compounds
  • Invertebrates
  • Fish
  • Mammals
  • Non-human primates
  • Humans (can be more steps in between)

Lab animals and bioethics (1 decks)

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