past Q Flashcards
1
Q
This gland is not a specific pheromone producer gland:
a) Hamster’s hip gland
b) Gerbil’s umbilical gland
c) Dog’s cicumanal gland
d) Rabbit’s face gland
A
Rabbit’s face gland
2
Q
Which is not a method for genetic quality control of lab animals?
a) Biomedical markers
b) Skin transplantation
c) SSLP (micro-satellite)
d) Back gross breeding
A
Back gross breeding
3
Q
Drawback of preference tests:
A
Animals choose in the base of sort term conditions
4
Q
Which measurement is used to express energy requirement of laboratory animals?
A
Metabolic body weight
5
Q
Sentinels are:
A
animals used to evaluate a group’s health status
6
Q
Which method would you use to get 1mL of blood from a rat?
A
Cardiac puncture
7
Q
You cannot buy this type of diet from a commercial supplier:
a) Liquid diet
b) Commercial pellet
c) Chemically defined diet
d) Gel
A
Chemically defined diet
8
Q
Not α2-agonist:
a) Xylazine
b) Tolmetine
c) Detomidine
d) Romofidine
A
Tolmetine
9
Q
NOT inherited disease of rat:
a) Hypo-acidosis
b) Deaf
c) Diabetes
d) Obesity
A
Hypo-acidosis
10
Q
The basic method of rodent phenotyping is to look for:
A
Chromasoma test
11
Q
NOT part of refinement of animal experimentation:
a) Health status
b) Genetic homogeneity
c) Alternatives to animal use
d) Proper defined diet
A
Alternatives to animal use
12
Q
Which animals are covered by 63/2010 EEC directive?
A
Vertebrates and cephalipodes
13
Q
GLP NOT concerned about conditions under which laboratory:
a) Studies are planned
b) Are build
c) Research are preformed
d) Studies are recorded and reported
A
Are build
14
Q
Which species can die after oral penicillin treatment?
A
Guinea pig
15
Q
One of them is an important mechanism of nutrigenomics:
A
Changing the signalling pathway
16
Q
Acute toxicity test has an invasiveness category of __ pain:
A
Severe
17
Q
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals:
A
0.45MJ DE x W0.75
18
Q
This disease is NOT a zoonosis:
a) Ringtail
b) Lymphatic choriomeningitis of mice
c) Salmonellosis
d) Listeriosis
A
Ringtail
19
Q
The recommended nutrient allowances:
A
Ensure the reproduction and longevity of the animals
20
Q
CANNOT be stage of mouse genital and urinary syndrome:
a) Ulceration
b) Bacteraemia
c) Inflammation
d) Mating overload
A
Ulceration
21
Q
Quarantine period not determined by:
a) Health status of animals
b) Species
c) Purpose of use
d) Number of animals
A
Number of animals
22
Q
Which species has a tied skin, so we CANNOT grab it without causing pain to the animal?
A
Guinea pig
23
Q
NOT physical euthanasia method:
a) Maceration
b) T-61 (Embutramid)
c) Cervical dislocation
d) Decapitation
A
Maceration
24
Q
Which species is not a member of Rodentia genus?
a) Golden hamster
b) Marmoset
c) Gerbil
d) Guinea pig
A
Marmoset
25
OECD do NOT deal questions about:
a) Validation of in vitro methods
b) GLP
c) Co-ordination of toxicological databases
d) Validation of national laws
Validation of in vitro methods
26
Gerbil is a good model for:
Epilepsy aorta
27
The animal CANNOT be examined with ultrasound:
a) Dog
b) Rabbit
c) Guinea pig
d) Golden hamster
Golden hamster (can hear ultrasound)
28
NOT true for chronic mycoplasmosis of mice:
a) 12-18 day old puppies are most disposed
b) Agent is Mycoplasma pulmonis
c) Zoonosis
d) Can appear with Sendai virus
Zoonosis
29
The closes species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is:
Gerbil
30
Good species to use for auditory research:
Chinchilla
31
Breeding technique which is NOT used to maintain an out-bred stock:
a) Random breeding
b) Brother-sister mating
c) MAI
d) Cross-breeding
Brother-sister mating
32
```
A contaminated breeding colony (line) should be: (?)
Euthanized
Put under negative pressure cabin
Treated by antibiotics
Individually marked
```
?
33
In reproductive toxicology, NOT acceptable treatment:
a) Used only for parents before mating
b) Between implantation and foetogenesis
c) Between foetogenesis and parturition
d) From parent before mating till separation from dam
Used only for parents before mating (?)
34
It can be used for intra-dermal injection:
Mice ear
35
Pasteurella pneumotropica does not attack:
a) Brain
b) Uterus
c) Prostate
d) Lung
Brain
36
Environmental enrichment should NOT be done:
a) With the sense of animals
b) For the benefit of the animals
c) Just for human fun
d) With some unpredictability
Just for human fun
37
How would you restrain a gerbil?
Hand around the chest
38
Who will decide on institute level if an animal experiment was necessary or not?
Ethical committee (Animal Welfare Body)
39
It is NOT a zoonosis:
a) Salmonellosis
b) Hantaan virus disease
c) Sendai virus disease
d) Lymphocytic-ChorioMeningitis (LCM)
Sendai virus disease
40
This female embryo in a rat will achieve breeding maturity (M=Month):
1M
41
The basic method of rodent sexing is to look for:
Ano-genital diseases
42
The recommended nutrient allowances:
Ensure the optimum functioning of the animals
43
Maintenance energy requirements of laboratory animals and for extrapolation of dosage use:
W 0.75
44
The main body of Laboratory Animal Science of the World:
CLAS
45
The closest species to Syrian hamster in taxonomy is:
Gerbil
46
What ‘Environmental Enrichment’ means in laboratory?
To give bedding material or toys to experiment animal if possible
47
Feeding rancid feed and/or vitamin E deficient feed may cause:
Dermatitis
48
Zebra danio (fish) is:
Omnivore
49
It is an alternative use of animals in experiments:
Database search and meta-analysis
50
Sub-cutaneous injury has a severity category of __ pain:
Minor
51
Which 3 words called the 3Rs by Russel and Burch?
Reduction, Replacement, Refinement
52
It is NOT true about euthanasia:
a) Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
b) Must be performed by researcher or other trained person
c) Should be used if an animal would suffer in an experiment (this was marked as correct…)
c) Should be planned in experimental protocol
Can be used to get large amount of blood out of an animal
53
What does knock-out animal mean?
Transgenic animal
54
Which method would you use to get a drop of blood from mice?
Retro-orbital puncture
((Google:
Retro-orbital bleeding should be performed as a terminal procedure. It should only be used with recovery in rare circumstances with exceptional scientific justification (e.g. where a large blood volume is necessary or where peripheral veins are used for dosing), because of its potential impact on animal welfare))
55
Which name indicates an outbred stock?
NMRI
56
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on rat:
a) Decapitation
b) Ketamine
c) Cervical dislocation with weight limit
d) CO2
Ketamine
57
What is the best equipment to maintain a transgenic colony in?
Base colony in different countries
58
Which species has only provoked (stimulated) ovulation?
Ferret
59
What does the expression ‘inbred strain’ mean:
Brother-sister mating through at least 20 generations
60
Which species is the best in atherosclerosis research?
WHHL- Rabbit (Think this is correct)
| Notes - Gerbil
61
You can find a ‘sacculus rotundus or ampulla ilei’ in the:
Rabbit
62
This gland is a specific pheromone producer gland:
Hamster's lateral gland
63
Which species has a gallbladder?
Golden hamster
64
What does SPF mean?
Specific Pathogen Free
65
How would you restrain a rat for per-oral dosing?
By grabbing the skin on back and neck
66
Which sentence is NOT true about ‘Environmental Enrichment’?
a) Device in case that animal can control
b) All possibilities should be done to improve animal’s well-being what the experiment allows
c) Always should be evaluated on cross-benefit base
d) A nest material is an example for that
Device in case that animal can control
67
Gnotobiotic (=Axenic) animals:
Germ free
68
What does rederivation mean?
Production of germ-free strain by embryo transfer
69
In the practice, it is not possible to produce germ-free colony from this species:
a) Rabbit
b) Rat
c) Golden hamster
d) Duck
Duck
70
Which would be the best feeding regime in an experiment?
Ad libitum
71
What is well-being?
State of physiological and psychological harmony of the animal with its internal and external environment
72
Which vein can be used for IV injection on ferret?
Jugular vein
73
How would you restrain a rabbit?
By grabbing as much skin as possible on back
74
You cannot use this method for euthanasia on new-born, nest-living animals:
a) Cutting the neck
b) CO2 inhalation
c) Cervical dislocation
d) Electric stunning
CO2 inhalation
75
Which method would you use you get 10mL of blood from an adult rat?
Preparation of abdominal aorta
76
Which mouse strain is sensitive to Pneumocystis carini?
Swiss
77
Which is not necessary before transport of rodent?
a) Fasting
b) Clinical examination
c) Ear printing
d) Acclimatisation
Fasting
78
When this phenomenon disappears, the narcosis ends with death:
Cornea reflex
79
It is NOT true about euthanasia:
a) Should be cheap
b) Should achieve rapid unconciseness and death
c) Should be safe for user
d) Should be simple to administer
Should be cheap
80
One is NOT true about the co-isogenic strains:
a) The name contains the strain/sub-strain and the symbol of the mutant gene
b) The new gene is the product of natural maturation
c) It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
d) The co-isogenic strain only differs by only one gene from the original one
It can only be maintained in a homozygous form
81
Dog is not a good model for:
a) Epilepsy
b) Tumour-cancer research
c) Leptospirosis
d) Cardiovascular atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular atherosclerosis
82
Mini-pig has a live weight of:
20-45 kg
83
Experimental design cannot be:
a) Cross-breeding
b) Cross-over design
c) Latin square design
d) Factorial design
Cross-breeding
84
The basal circadian rhythm is:
Dependent from the gene expression of a protein
85
Melatonin is produced by:
Pineal gland
86
This species mostly used in viral respiratory research:
Ferrets
87
A chronic stress can cause this type of behaviour:
Apathy / Agression
88
```
Well-being CANNOT be measured by: (more than one correct answer)
Clinical assessment
Physiological parameters
Grimace score
Reproductive state
```
?Reproductive state and grimace score?
89
Which environment is good for animals?
Classical music
90
Which tissue is the least sensitive to suffering?
Brain tissue
91
The naked mole rat has an extra=ordinary long life-span because of: (multiple choice)
Special hyaluronan which prevents cancer
92
The co-efficient on inbreeding (F): (multiple choice)
Means the fraction of the genes that get fixed in a homozygous state
93
It is inherited disease of some mouse strains:
Deafness
94
Which is a member of Pox viridae?
Ectomelia virus
95
Ringtail is caused by:
Too low relative humidity
96
NOT part of refinement of animal experimentation:
a) Health status
b) Hair colour
c) Analgesia
d) Environmental enrichment
Hair colour
97
The hearing range of rodents:
0.5 / 1 - 100 / 120 kHz
98
Which species has 1 pair teats?
Guinea pig
99
Which species has a ‘peg’ (double incisors) teeth?
Rabbit
100
The two important words for animals concerning the pain feeling (Weiss-trail):
Predictability and controllability
101
Mouse pox is:
Caused by Ectomelia
102
It is not a physical euthanasia method:
a) Cooling in refrigerator
b) T-61
c) Cervical dislocation
d) Decapacitation
Coooling in refrigerator
103
The African clawed frog (Xenopus):
Shows mating behaviour after hCG injection
104
The axolotl is NOT:
a) Capable of regenerating lost limbs completely
b) Carnivorous
c) Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
d) Has a ling lifespan (8-10 years)
Reaches adulthood after a complete metamorphosis
105
Laboratory animals – except the guinea pig – usually adjust their feed intake to satisfy their:
Energy requirement
106
Which species can die after oral antibiotic treatment?
Guinea pig and rabbit
107
The role of PPAR is to:
Burn fats
108
One of the following has NO anti-cancer effect:
a) Iron
b) Resveratrol
c) CLA
d) Green tea
Iron
109
One of them is an important mechanism of epigenomics:
Methylation of DNA
110
Zebrafish has a life-span of __year:
6-8
| 3-5 years according to internet
111
One of them has NO role in epigenomics:
a) Histon acetylation
b) Sulfurization
c) DNA-methylation
d) Change of base in DNA
Change of base in DNA
112
The role of __ is a fine regulation of the protein synthesis in the cell:
miRNA / siRNA
113
In some cases the epigenetic changes may be inherited:
If the effect(s) acts during the germ-cell proliferation (‘time window’)
114
You can find neoteny at:
Axolotl
(Google: Neoteny is defined as the retention of conspicuously juvenile characteristics into adulthood, and it is most evident in the axolotl's prominent gills and fins, which most other amphibians lose in their adult stage.)
115
Pheromones are detected by:
VNO (vomeronasal organ)
116
One is true about the ferret:
We can prevent the constant estrus by using GnRH agonist implants
117
The cephalopods:
Are under the protection of the 2010/63/EU Directive since 2013
118
Always consider using F1 hybrid because:
Neither
(Neither their biological response is more variable than the parental strains nor their biological response
is more uniform than the parental strains)
119
One of the statements is true (outbreeding):
Animals in an outbred stock are anisogenic (not similar genotypes)
120
A chromorhnydachyrrhea:
Vitamin A deficiency
121
It can go through the uteral wall: (2 right answers)
Mouse mammary tumour
| LCM (Lymphocytic choriomeningitis)
122
Carbohydrate ingestion:
Stimulate the fatty acid synthase gene expression
123
May increase the mitochondria number:
Resveratrol
(Google: a polyphenol compound found in certain plants and in red wine that has antioxidant properties and has been investigated for possible anti-carcinogenic effects.)
124
The most used model for drug metabolism study for humans:
Macaco (a monkey)
125
Describe the naked mole rat as an animal model.
- Have a gene which conserves collagen.
- Do not age.
- Do not get tumours.
- Life-span of 20-30 years.
- Complex social system and hierarchy.
- Best model for aging and cancer studies
126
Explain the pain scoring system for Glires.
| Describe the evaluation of the Glires pain categories
- 0 points = None
- 1 point = Mild
- 2 points = Moderate
- 3 points = Severe
- Based on appearance, behaviour, pulse, appetite/drinking, cardiovascular, digestive, and nervous
systems.
- 0-4 = Normal
- 5-9 = Needs analgesia
- 10-14 = Moderate pain, possible need to terminate trial
- 15-20 = Not physiological, stop experiment!
127
Explain the epigenetics’ mechanism of action
- Modifications e.g. Methylation, histone acetylation, which protect DNA and modify which genes are
expressed or silenced.
- Do not change the genome itself
- May be inherited
- Influenced by outside stimuli e.g. nutritional status
128
Give the meaning of the pyramid conception with examples.
| Shortly describe the pyramid conception, with examples.
- Computer – Synthetize compounds
- Bacteria – Test for teratogenicity
- Cell culture – Eliminate harmful compounds
- Invertebrates
- Fish
- Mammals
- Non-human primates
- Humans (can be more steps in between)
