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Past papers Flashcards

1
Q

3 cyanotic CHD?

Mx?

A

TGA, ToF, hypoplastic L heart

PG infusion - alprostadil

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2
Q

Features of moderate dehydration

A

Sunken font and eyes, reduced skin turgor, CRT 2-5s, fewer wet nappies

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3
Q

Features of severe dehydration

A

Absent tears, tachycardia, hypotension, shock, CRT>5 secs, oliguria

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4
Q

RED NICE traffic light system

A

<3m and >38C, RR>60, focal neuro signs, status, neck stiffness, grunting, reduced skin turgor, severe indrawing

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5
Q

DOLS 3 things it ensures

A

Regular review - less restrictive option, best interests, right to appeal

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6
Q

DOLS 3 things needed

A

Lack capacity, under continuous supervision, can’t leave

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7
Q

Congenital Rubella syndrome

A

Sensorineural deafness, eye defects, heart (PDA, PS)

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8
Q

CURB65 - measures and tx

A

Confusion, urea >7, RR>30, BP<90/60, >65 years
1- oral amox
2 - oral clarithro+amox
3- IV clarithromycin and amoxicillin

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9
Q

Centor criteria and tx if positive

A

Temp>38, no cough, tonsillar exudate, C lymphadenopathy

Tx - PenV or clarithromycin

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10
Q

1st trimester - what test to estimate dates?

A

Crown rump length

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11
Q

US sign in monochorionic and dichorionic

A

Mono-T

Di-lamda

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12
Q

Placenta accrete
Placenta increta
Placenta percreta

A

A- attached to myometrium
I-invade myometrium
P-invade all through myo and to neighbouring organs

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13
Q

Spinal shock sx

A

Decreased reflexes, AD

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14
Q

Dementia investigations

A

CT head, Addenbrookes, B12/folate, FBC, alcohol, HIV, TFT, lipids/ glucose (vascular), infxn (delirium)

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15
Q

Gentamicin organs it affects

A

Neuro/ears (CN 8) and kidney

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16
Q

Downs complications

A

Biliary atresia, Hirschprungs, recurrent otitis media, leukaemia, hearing and vision loss, LD, AVSD

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17
Q

Ix in febrile seizures

A

EEG, CT head, infective cause, LP (exclude meningitis)

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18
Q

Ix in neonatal jaundice

A

TFT, LFTs, Coombs test, blood film, total serum BR, Rhesus and ABO

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19
Q

What leads to desquamation in toxic shock syndrome?

A

Exfolative toxin of s.aureus leads to peeling skin

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20
Q

2 causes of purpuric rash?

A

HSP, N. meningitides

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21
Q

COPD first line tx

A

Stop smoking, pulmonary rehab, flu vacc

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22
Q

Signs of TB on CXR?

A

Perihilar and mediastinal enlarged LN, pleural effusion, upper lobe cavitation and consolidation

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23
Q

Tx of TB and complication of each

A

Rifampacin -red urine
Isoniazid - P neuropathy
Pyrazinamide - gout
Ethanbutamol - neuritis

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24
Q

Ix for TB?

A

IGRA - IFN gamma release assay
Sputum culture
Mantoux test/ tuberculin skin test
HIV test (don’t give BCG)

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25
Q

Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

A

Diarrhoea, tachycardia, eye signs, tremor, hyperreflexia, goitre, weight loss, menorrhagia, mania, heat intolerance, palpitations, sweating

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26
Q

Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism?

A

Constipation, weight gain, proximal myopathy, pretibial myxoedema, fatigue, cold intolerance, oligomenorrhoea, hyporeflexia, bradycardia

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27
Q

Teratogenic medications

A

Warfarin, statins, Na valproate

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28
Q

Complications of placental abruption?

A

DIC, Sheehan’s syndrome, Rh sensitisation, neonatal hypoxia, renal failure, shock

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29
Q

US signs of Ova malignancy?

A

Solid, bilateral, septate, increased vascularity

30
Q

Ix in suspected ovarian cancer?

A

TVUS, FBC, CA125 (+99), pelvic XR, PET scan, hCG

31
Q

Pre-eclampsia ix?

A

Fundoscopy, BP, urine dip, TA US, CTG, Pr:Cr ratio, reflexes (increased), UA doppler

32
Q

Severe features of pre-eclampsia

A

Pul oedema, RUQ pain, IUGR, oliguria (risk of stroke)

33
Q

Tubal patency Ix

A

HyCoSy - hysterosalpingo contrast sonography

34
Q

Types of schizophrenia

A 
Please help cats run +o
Paranoid (most common)
Hebephrenia
Catatonia
Transient
Simple
Residual
Organic
35
Q

Can you treat someone’s rash under section 2?

A

No - only if secondary to MH condition

36
Q

3 FGA

A

haloperidol, flupenthixol, chloropromazine

37
Q

2 depression scores

A

PHQ-9 - 2 screening qs - in last month how often have you felt down/ depressed/ hopeless, anhedonia
Becks depression inventory

38
Q

Psycho tx for OCD?

A

Mindfulness, ERP (exposure response prevention), CBT

39
Q

3 examples of features of ADHD?

A

Hyperactivity - can’t sit still, runs, climbs over things, restless
Impulsivity - poor road safety, interrupts others, blurts things out
Inattention - can’t follow instructions, loses things, can’t finish homework

40
Q

SE of metoclopramide?

A

DA antagonist - parkinsonian

41
Q

Paracetamol overdose ix?

A

Urine drug screen, alcohol (carbohydrate deficient transferrin), LFTs, coagulopathy, ABG, glucose

42
Q

Features of comprehensive geriatric assessment?

A

Bio - medications review
Psycho - psychologist
Social
Functional

43
Q

What is the rule of rescue?

A

Ethical imperative to save endangered life where possible - even if money might be better spent to prevent disease

44
Q

Types of neglect?

A 
Her name means poo
Human error
Neglect
Misconduct
Poor performance
45
Q

Types of error

A 
Bravado
Lack of skill
Poor teamwork
Sloth
Playing the odds
System error
Loss of perspective
Ignorance
46
Q

Cumulative incidence definition

A

Accumulated risk over time - risk of person will be affected by an event during the time period
New cases/size of pop at risk at start

47
Q

Incidence rate definition

A

New cases in time period/ person-time

48
Q

Triangle of confounding, exposure, outcome

A

Exposure to outcome, with confounding above and arrows down to both

49
Q

Bridging the gap in intention to action in TPB

A 
SAPPI
Self-relevance
Anticipated regret
Perceived control
Prep action
Implementation intentions
50
Q

Reporting never event

A

NRLS - national reporting and learning system
StEIS - strategic executive information system
CQC visit and money penalty

51
Q

System approach

A

Look at system - situations and factors likely to lead to error and change underlying system of care

52
Q

2 SEs of ACEi, BB, statins, ARB, CCB

A

BB - impotence, bradycardia, sleep disturbance
ACEi - cough, angioedema
Statins - myopathy, D&V
CCB - flushing, ankle oedema

53
Q

Structure

A

What is there e.g. number of A&E beds

54
Q

Process

A

What is done e.g. number of patients seen in 1 hour

55
Q

Outcome

A

change attributable to intervention
Mortality, PROM, QoL, morbidity
4ds - dissatisfaction, death, disability, discomfort

56
Q

Types of qualitative data

A

Interviews, review of documents, focus groups, observations

57
Q

Types of quantitative data

A

Routinely collected data, review of records, surveys, epidemiological studies

58
Q

Schizophrenia blood tests?

A

Glucose, LFTs, TFTs, Ca, drug toxicology, alcohol - carbohydrate deficient transferrin

59
Q

Olanzapine review tests

A

BP, ECG, weight

60
Q

Schizo psych mx

A

CBT, family therapy, psychodynamic

61
Q

What is most common organism in childhood pneumonia?

A

RSV (s.pneumoniae bacterial)

62
Q

GBS CSF changes

A

high protein, normal WCC and glucose

63
Q

bugs that cause GBS

A

campylobacter, CMV, EBV, mycoplasma

64
Q

tx of GBS

A

IvIg and plasma exchange

65
Q

Prophylaxis of migraine

A

BB

Topiromate/ sodium valproate

66
Q

Define evaluation

A

An assessment of if a service achieves its objectives - relevance, effectiveness and impact of its activities

67
Q

Why is health outcome not ideal?

A

Time lag, relies on quality of data, hard to show cause +effect, large sample size needed

68
Q

TST complications?

A

weight gain, polycythaemia, sleep apnoea

69
Q

Causes of muscle weakness?

A

MND, statins, steroids, malnutrition, ca

70
Q

2 tx for IUGR

A

betamethasone

MgSO4 - neuroprotective

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