Past-papers Flashcards

Question 1

Q

Which imaging technique is useful to demonstrate the ascites in the abdominal cavity? (you have to choose the FALSE answer):

A/ Abdominal Ultrasound

B/ Abdominal CT examination

C/ Abdominal CT and US examination

D/ Scintigrapy

Answer

A

D/ Scintigrapy

Question 2

Q

Subdural hematoma appears on CT examination usually with:

A/ Amorf contours

B/ Ring shape

C/ Crescent shape

D/ Lense shape

Answer

A

C/ Crescent shape

Question 3

Q

Ultrasound sign of the intussusception:

A/ „target” sign

B/ „whirplpool” sign

C/ „pseudokidney”

D/ „comet” sign

Answer

A

A/ „target” sign

Question 4

Q

A young 30 years old female was admitted for the emergency department with a strong, „beating-like” occipital headache.

What is the first imaging method in this case?

A/ MR

B/ Skull X-ray, two view

C/ Native CT of the brain

D/ Color-duplex Carotid Ultrasound

Answer

A

C/ Native CT of the brain

Question 5

Q

In case of a huge left sided pleural fluid collection the mediastinal complex will move:

A/ moderately to the right side

B/ the medastinal complex will stay in unchanged position

C/ moderately to the left side

D/ extensively to the left side

Answer

A

A/ moderately to the right side

Question 6

Q

For the mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes the most acceptable imaging method is:

A/ Ultrasound

B/ CT examination

C/ Scintigraphy

D/ Chest X-ray (two views)

Answer

A

B/ CT examination

Question 7

Q

The following transducer is used generally for adult’s abdominal US examination:

A/ 7,5-10 MHz convex

B/ 6-9 MHz phased-array

C/ 3,5-5 MHz convex

D/ 7,5-10 MHz linear

Answer

A

C/ 3,5-5 MHz convex

Question 8

Q

Appendicitis can be visualised with the following imaging methods (there is only one false statement, you have to find this FALSE answer):

A/ with native and contrast enhanced CT examination

B/ with Ultrasound examination

C/ with P-A abdominal X-ray examination

D/ with US and abdominal CT examination

Answer

A

C/ with P-A abdominal X-ray examination

Question 9

Q

In case of a polytraumatised patient which is the fastest imaging method to get useful informations about cranial, chest and abdominal condition?

A/ Skull, Chest and abdominal X-ray

B/ Carotid and Abdominal Utrasound examination

C/ native and contrast enhanced Multidetector CT examination

D/ PET-CT

Answer

A

C/ native and contrast enhanced Multidetector CT examination

Question 10

Q

The following pathological conditions can generate small bowel ileus (Only one answer is false, you have to choose this FALSE answer):

A/ Crohn’s disease

B/ Coecum tumor

C/ Strangulated hernia

D/ Thrombosis of the splenic vein

Answer

A

D/ Thrombosis of the splenic vein

Question 11

Q

During the CT examinations in the Hounsfield scale the density of the ………… is fixed to Zero.

A/ fresh blood

B/ water

C/ fat

D/ bone

Question 12

Q

In case of a suspected nephro-ureterolithiasis the best method for the localisation of the nephro-ureterolithiasis is:

A/ Abdominal Ultrasound examination

B/ Intravenous Urography

C/ Low-dose CT

D/ PET-CT

Answer

A

C/ Low-dose CT

Question 13

Q

Which guidence technique is mainly useful for the biopsy of thyroid nodule?

A/ X-ray guided biopsy

B/ US-guided biopsy

C/ CT-guided biopsy

D/ MR-guided biopsy

Answer

A

B/ US-guided biopsy

Question 14

Q

In case of a simple liver cyst (with 25 mm diameter, without irregular wall and without septations), how could we characterize the inner content of the cyst?

A/ hypoechoic

B/ anechoic

C/ hyperechoic

D/ hyperdense

Answer

A

B/ anechoic

Question 15

Q

In case of widening of the mediastinum what pathological process could be the cause of this alteration? (Only ONE answer is FALSE, you have to sign this statement):

A/ Lymphoma

B/ Aneurysm of the descending aorta

C/ Calcified pleural callus

D/ Hilar pulmonary neoplasia

Answer

A

C/ Calcified pleural callus

Question 16

Q

Which method is used for the detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture?

A/ Barium enema

B/ PA Chest and native abdominal X-ray

C/ Contrast enhanced abdomino-pelvic CT – CT angiography

D/ PET-CT

Answer

A

C/ Contrast enhanced abdomino-pelvic CT – CT angiography

Question 17

Q

Pulmonary abscess usually appears on the chest X-ray with:

A/ lower transparency crescent shape

B/ lower transparency ring shape with inner fluid level

C/ lower transparency lense shape

D/ lower transparency wedge shape

Answer

A

B/ lower transparency ring shape with inner fluid level

Question 18

Q

Duplex ultrasonography

Combination of two transducers to see blood vessesl both in superficial and deep locations
Simultaneous doppler analysis of bilateral limbs by two sonographs
2D US examination, then doppler analysis by ”pencil” probe
Simultaneous 2D US with doppler sampling from the vessels specified on the 2D image

Answer

A

Simultaneous 2D US with doppler sampling from the vessels specified on the 2D image

Duplex ultrasonography is used in vascular studies; refers to the simultaneous use of both grayscale or color Doppler to visualize the structure of, and flow within, a vessel and sprectral (waveform) doppler to quantitate flow.

Question 19

Q

For what does a radiologist look for when performing a FAST-exam?

Free abdominal fluid
Gall bladder inflammation
Kidney stones
Cysts

Answer

A

a. Free abdominal fluid

FAST is a rapid bedside US examination performed by surgeons, emergency physicians and certain paramedics as a screening test for blood around the heart or abdominal organs after trauma.

Question 20

Q

What is the first modality choice in symptomatic bone tumors?

PET-CT
Scintigraphy
Conventional x-ray
CT

Answer

A

c. Conventional x-ray

Question 21

Q

US sign of intussuception:

”target” sign
”whirlpool” sign
”psudokidney”
”comet” sign

Answer

A

a. ”target” sign

the target sign of intestinal intussusception, also known as the doughnut sign, or bulls eye sign. The appearance is generated by concentric alternating echogenic and hypoechogenic bands. The echogenic bancs are formed by mucosa and muscularis, whereas submucosal is responsible for the hypoechogenic bands.

Question 22

Q

MR spectroscopy is a useful method in diagnosis of

Renal cell cancer
Ovarian cancer
Testicular cancer
Prostate cancer

Answer

A

d. Prostate cancer

MRS is currently used to investigate a number of diseases in the human body, most notably cancer (brain, breast and prostate), epilepsy, alzheimers, parkinsons and huntingtons. MRS has been used to diagnose pituitary tuberculosis. Prostate cancer: combined with MRI and given equal results, then the #D MRS can predict the prevalence of a malignant degeneration if prostate tissue by approx. 90%. The combination of both metods may be helpful in the planning of biopsies and therapies of the prostate, as well as to monitor the success of a therapy.

Question 23

Q

Choose the correct statement regarding hyperacute cerebral infarcts

Hyperdense media sign is always visible
Hyperdense media sign is visible in 25-50% of the cases
Hyperdense media sign is never visible
Hyperdense media sign is visible in 10-15% of the cases

Answer

A

b. Hyperdense media sign is visible in 25-50% of the cases

Question 24

Q

What is the diagnostic strategy in extracranial carotid disease?

Primary examination is DSA which is complemented by CTA or MRA, US is only for kids
Primary examination is duplex US for screening and follow-up: probless solving advanced imaging for selected cases is CTA or MRA – catheter angiography (DSA) is mainly for therapeutic interventions
US-guided puncture of the CCA and then directed angiography of the affected side
Primary examination is CTA; MRA is only for iodine-sensitive patients; DSA for all patients preceding surgery and duplex US for post-surgical complications

Answer

A

b. Primary examination is duplex US for screening and follow-up: probless solving advanced imaging for selected cases is CTA or MRA – catheter angiography (DSA) is mainly for therapeutic interventions

Carotid artery stenosis is usually diagnosed by color flow duplex US scan of the carotid arteries in the neck. This involves no radiation, no needles, and no contrast agents that may cause allergic reactions. This test has good sensitivity and specificity.
CTA or MRA may be useful. With contrast: contraindicated in patients with renal insuffieicency, catheter angiography has a 0.5-1% risk of stroke, MI arterial injury or retroperitoneal bleeding. The investigation chosen will depend on the clinical question and the imaging expertice, experience and equipment available.

Question 25

Q

In case of a huge left-sided pleural fluid collection the mediastinal complex will move:

Moderately to the right side
The mediastinal complex will stay in unchanged position
Moderately to the left side
Extensively to the left side

Answer

A

Moderately to the right side

A large pleural effusion may cause treacheal deviation away from the effusion

Question 26

Q

For the mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes the most acceptable imaging method is

US
CT examination
Scinitigraphy
Chest x-ray (two views)

Answer

A

CT examination

CT scans of the chest are more accurate in determining the location and nature of a mediastinal mass than conventional radiographs.

Question 27

Q

The following transducer is used generally for superficial soft tissue US examinations

7,5-10 MHz convex
6-9 MHz phased-array
3,5-5 MHz convex
7,5-10 MHz linear

Answer

A

7,5-10 MHz linear

Linear; 8-10 (or more)MHz, superficial penetration, better resolution

Question 28

Q

How do you call the complex that should be evaluated in case of chronic sinusitis?

Osteomeatal complex
Ostiomeatal complex
Ethmoidal complex
Nasomeatal complex

Answer

A

b. Ostiomeatal complex

Question 29

Q

In case of a polytraumatic patient, which is the fastest imaging method to get useful information about cranial, chest and abdominal complications?

Skull, chest and abdominal x-ray
Carotid and abdominal US examination
Non contrast and contrast enhanced multidetector
CT examination

Answer

A

c. Non contrast and contrast enhanced multidetector CT examination

It is also quite common in severe trauma for patients to be sendt directly to CT or a surgery theater, if they require emergency treatment

Question 30

Q

The following pathological conditions can generate small bowel ileus (only one answer is false, you have to choose the FALSE answer):

Crohn´s disease
Coecum tumor
Strangulated hernia
Thrombosis of the splenic vein

Answer

A

d. Thrombosis of the splenic vein

Question 31

Q

In neuroradiology

MR has a superior ability in the imaging of the cranial bones
MR images lack bone artifacts
MR has the ability to distinguish calcifications
MR cannot visualize white matter lesions

Answer

A

b. MR images lack bone artifacts

(Bone-artefact O on lecture slide..)

Question 32

Q

Interstitial shadows are

Web-like
Of vascular origin
Patchy
Common CT terminology for mesenteric fat

Answer

A

a. Web-like

Question 33

Q

Choose the correct statement
1. Fresh hemorrhage in CT is hypodense
2. Chronic subdural hematoma in CT is hyperdense
3. MR is capable to determine the approximate age of hemorrhage
4. MR is not useful in identifying hemorrhage

Answer

A

c. MR is capable to determine the approximate age of hemorrhage

Chonic >14 days, T1=dark, T2=dark
Late subacute 7-14 days, T1=bright, T2=bright
Early subacute 3-7 days, T1= bright, T2= dark
Acute 1-3 days, T1=isointense, T2=dark
Hyperacute <24h, T1=isointense, T2=bright
Changes in the appearance of blood over time on MRI

Question 34

Q

Which of the following is an absolute contraindicated for enema reduction of an intussusception?
1. Small amount of free fluid on utrasonography
2. Signs of perforation (pneumoperitoneum, peritonitis)
3. Small bowel obstruction
4. Iodine allergy

Answer

A

b. Signs of perforation (pneumoperitoneum, peritonitis)
1. Contraindications: signs of peritonitis and perforations according to: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/intussusception-reduction

Question 35

Q

Choose the correct statement

On T1 weighted images white mater has a higher signal intensity than grey matter
On T1 weighted images white matter has a lower signal intensity than grey matter
On T2 weighted images CSF has intermediate signal
On T2 weighted images bones have the highest signal intensity

Answer

A

a. On T1 weighted images white mater has a higher signal intensity than grey matter

Different tissues have different T1 and T2 values, which is why fat, muscle, and bone, for example, will appear differently not only from each other but also within different pulse sequences.
Tissues that have a short T1 will be bright.
Tissues with a long T2 will be bright
Bright translates into whiter or having increased signal intensity on MRI scans. Dark translates into blacker or having decreased signal on MRI.
A key point is that water will be dark on T1-weighted images and bright on T2-weighted images. Water is T1-dark and T2-bright.
If the fluid is dark (e.g., CSF, urine, etc) = T1 weighted image.
If the fluid is bright (e.g., CSF, urine, etc) = T2 weighted image.
Tissues and structures that are typicallt bright on T1: fat, hemorrhage, proteinaceous fluid, melanin, gandolinium abd other paramagnetic substances.
Tissues and structure typically bright on T2: fat, water, edema, inflammation, infection, cysts, hemorrhage.

Question 36

Q

The vertebral column injuries are classified according to the “model” below
1. David 3 column theory
2. Denis spinal canal theory
3. Davis spinal canal theory
4. Denis 3 column theory

Answer

A

d. Denis 3 column theory

Denis divided the vertebral column into 3 vertical parallel columns beased in biomechanical studies related to stability following traumatic injury. Instability occurs when injuries affect 2 contiguous columns (i.e., anterior and middle column, or middle and posterior column). Obvious a 3 column injury is unstable.

Question 37

Q

What is NOT typical for a malignant bone tumor?

Ill-defined
Periosteal reaction
Destructions
Well circumscribed

Answer

A

d. Well circumscribed

Question 38

Q

The …….. classification system divides renal cyctic masses into five categories based on imaging characteristics on contrast-enhanced CT

Bi-rads
Ren-Rads
Li-Rads
Bosniak

Answer

A

d. Bosniak

The bosniak classification system of renal cystic masses divides renal systic masses into five catergories based on imaging characteristics on contrast enhanced CT. it is helpful in predicting a risk of malignancy and suggesting either follow up or treatment.

Question 39

Q

MR spectroscopy is a useful method in the diagnosis of

Renal cell cancer
Ovarian cancer
Testicular cancer
Prostate cancer

Answer

A

d. Prostate cancer

Question 40

Q

What is the central (“fatty”) compartment of the suprahyoid neck?

Anterior cervical space
Pharyngeal mucosal space
Masticator space
Parapharyngeal space

Answer

A

d. Parapharyngeal space

Question 41

Q

What is the diagnostic strategy in extracranial carotid disease?

Primary examination is DSA which is complemented by CTA or MRA, US is only for kids
Primary examination is duplex US for screening and follow-up: problem-solving advanced imaging for selected cases is CTA or MRA; catheter angiography (DSA) is mainly for therapeutic interventions
US-guided puncture of the CCA and then directed angiography of the affected side
Primary examination is CTA: MRA is only for iodine-sensitive patients; DSA for all patient preceding surgery and duplex US for post-surgical complications.

Answer

A

b. Primary examination is duplex US for screening and follow-up: problem-solving advanced imaging for selected cases is CTA or MRA; catheter angiography (DSA) is mainly for therapeutic interventions

Carotid artery stenosis is usually diagnosed by color flow duplex US scan of the carotid arteries in the neck. This involves no radiation, no needles, and no contrast agents that may cause allergic reactions. This test has good sensitivity and specificity.
CTA or MRA may be useful. With contrast: contraindicated in patients with renal insuffieicency, catheter angiography has a 0.5-1% risk of stroke, MI arterial injury or retroperitoneal bleeding. The investigation chosen will depend on the clinical question and the imaging expertice, experience and equipment available.

Question 42

Q

In case of ileus in newborns

We can make the diagnosis based only on abdominal x-ray
Meconium ileus is caused by impacted thick meconium in children suffering from CF.
Hirschsprung´s disease never causes ileus in newborn.
Ileum atresia never occurs with non-used colon, because it is a disease of the small bowel, not the colon.

Answer

A

a. We can make the diagnosis based only on abdominal x-ray

Diagnosis of meconium ileus is suspected in a neonate with signs of intestinal obstruction, particularly if a family history of CF exists. Patients should undergo abdominal x-ray which show dilated intestinal loops; however, fluid levels may be absent.

Question 43

Q

In case of a moderate amount of right sided pleural fluid collection the mediastinal complex will move
1. Moderately to the right side
2. Stay in unchanged position
3. Moderately to the left side
4. Extensively to the left side

Answer

A

c. Moderately to the left side

Very large pleural effusions may act like a mass and produce a shift of the mobile mediastinal structures AWAY from the side of the effusion.

Question 44

Q

For the mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes the most acceptable imaging method is:

US
CT examination
Scintigraphy
Chest x-ray (two views)

Answer

A

b. CT examination

CT scans of the chest are more accurate in determining the location and nature of a mediastinal mass than conventional radiographs.

Question 45

Q

Acute pulmonary embolism

Negative chest radiography and lower extremity venous US can rule out confidently.
Pulmonary angiography (DSA) is the best modality to assess the vasculature and this is the only modality, which is feasible in patients with dyspnea.
CTA provides only indirect evidence of PE while MRA can visualize even the smallest branches (the only problem is restricted availability)
CTA can directly prove the presence of emboli and additionally other possible causes of chest symptoms are often disclosed.

Answer

A

d. CTA can directly prove the presence of emboli and additionally other possible causes of chest symptoms are often disclosed.

Over 90% of PE develop from thrombi in the deep veins of the leg, especially above the level of the popliteal veins. They are usually a complication of surgery or prolonged bedrest or cancer. Because of the dual circulation of the lungs most PE do not result in infarction.
Chest radiographs infrequently manifest one of the “classic” findings for PE which can include:
1. Wedge-shaped peripheral air-space disease (Hampton hump)
2. Focal oligemia (westermark sign)
3. A prominent central pulmonary artery (knuckle sign)
If the chest radiograph is normal, a nuclear medicine ventilation-perfusion scan may be diagnostic. If however, the chest radiograph is abnormal, a CT is usually performed.
CT-PA is made possible by the fast data acquisition of spiral CT scanners (one breath hold) combined with thin slices and rapid bolus IV injections of iodineated contrast that produce maximal opacification of the pulmonary arteries with little or no motion artifacts.

Question 46

Q

How do you call the complex that should be evaluated in case of chronic sinusitis?
1. Osteomeatal complex
2. Ostimeatal complex
3. Ethmoidal complex
4. Nasomeatal complex

Answer

A

b. Ostimeatal complex

Question 47

Q

What is the method of choice in case of a head and neck cancer in order to evaluate the perineural tumor spread?

fMRI
CT
Scintigraphy
MRI

Answer

A

d. MRI

Perineural spread of tumor is a form of local invasion in which primary tumor cells spread along the tissues of the nerve sheats. It is a well-recognized phenomenon in head and neck cancers. Signs on MRI suggesting perineural tumor spread are:

Nerve thickening
Widening of the neuronal foramen
Loss of fat surrounding the nerve
Abnormal perineural contrast enhancement

Question 48

Q

These devices are mandatory during angiography. Mark the FALSE one

Ballon catheter
4F catheter
seldinger needle
Guide wire

Answer

A

a. Ballon catheter – used in angioplasty, but not needed in angiography?!

Question 49

Q

Which type of renal stone is radiolucent (non opaque) on abdominal plain radiography?

Urine acid
Sturvite
Calcium phosphate
Calcium oxalate

Answer

A

a. Urine acid

Uric acid?! = Radiolucent

Question 50

Q

Interstitial shadows are
1. Patchy
2. Of vascular origin
3. Web like
4. Common CT terminology for mestenteric fat

Answer

A

c. Web like

Question 51

Q

Which image technique is useful to demonstrate ascites in the abdominal cavity? (choose the false)
1. Abdominal US
2. Abdominal CT
3. Abdominal CT and US examinatio
4. Scintigraphy

Answer

A

d. Scintigraphy

Question 52

Q

Subdural hematoma appears on CT examination usually with:

Amorf contours
Ring shaped
Crescent shaped
Lense shaped

Answer

A

c. Crescent shaped

Question 53

Q

US sign of intussusception?

“Target” sign
“Whirpool” sign
“Pseudokidney”
“Comet” sign

Answer

A

a. “Target” sign

Question 54

Q

a young 30 year old female was admitted for the emergency department with a strong “beating-like” occipital headache. What is the first imaging method in this case?
1. MR
2. Skull x-ray, two view
3. Native CT of the brain
4. Color-duplex carotid US

Answer

A

c. Native CT of the brain

Question 55

Q

In case of a huge left-sided pleural fluid collection, the mediastinal complex will move:

Moderately to the right
The mediastinal complex will stay in unchanged position
Moderately to the left
Extensively to the left

Answer

A

a. Moderately to the right

Question 56

Q

For the mediastinal and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, the most acceptable imaging method is:

US
CT examination
Scintigraphy
Chest X-ray (two views)

Answer

A

b. CT examination

Question 57

Q

The following transducer is used generally for adults abdominal US examination:

7,5-10 MHz convex
6-9 MHz phased-array
3,5-5 MHz convex
7,5-10 MHz linear

Answer

A

c. 3,5-5 MHz convex

Question 58

Q

Appendicitis can be visualized with the following imaging methods, except:

With native and contract enhanced CT
With US examination
With P-A abdominal x-ray
With US and abdominal CT examination

Answer

A

c. With P-A abdominal x-ray

Question 59

Q

During the CT examination in the Houndfield scale, the density of the ……. Is fixed to zero:

Fresh blood
Water
Fat
Bone

Question 60

Q

In case of suspected nephron-ureterolithiasis the best method for the localization of the nephron-ureterolithiasis is:
1. Abdominal US examination
2. Intravenous urography
3. Low dose CT
4. PET-CT

Answer

A

c. Low dose CT

Question 61

Q

Which guidance technique is mainly useful for the biopsy of thyroid nodule?

X-ray guided biopsy
US-guided biopsy
CT-guided biopsy
MR-guided biopsy

Answer

A

b. US-guided biopsy

Question 62

Q

In case of a simple liver cyst (with 25 mm diameter, without irregular wall and without septations), how would we characterize the inner content of the cyst?

Hypoechoic
Anechoic
Hyperechoic
Hyperdense

Answer

A

b. Anechoic

Question 63

Q

In case of widening of the mediastinum, what pathological process could be the case of this alteration:

Lymphoma
Aneurysm of the descending aorta
Calcified pleural callus
Hilar pulmonary neoplasia

Answer

A

c. Calcified pleural callus

Question 64

Q

Which method is used for the detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture?

Barium enema
PA chest and native abdominal x-ray
Contrast enhanced abdomino-pelvic CT – CT angiography
PET-CT

Answer

A

c. Contrast enhanced abdomino-pelvic CT – CT angiography

Answer 63

A

b. Lower transparency ring shaped with inner fluid level

Answer 64

A

d. Scintigraphy

Answer 65

A

c. Lentiform

Answer 66

A

c. Fractional (discontinuous) data collection = loss of information

Answer 67

A

d. GFR is above 60 ml/min/1.73 m2

Answer 68

A

c. CT/unenhanced and contrast-enhanced study

Answer 69

A

b. Ultrasonography

Answer 70

A

d. Crescent translucency under the dome of the hemidiaphragm

Answer 71

A

c. Relax bowel walls with smooth muscle relaxant

(not sure)

Answer 72

A

b. Hyoid bone

Answer 73

A

a. Contrast enhanced US

Answer 74

A

b. High frequency probe – poor penetration – good spatial resolution

Answer 75

A

1.Which are the guiding principles when it comes to choosing a modality to diagnose a disease?

Modality having a high specificity

Least invasive modality

Available modality

Most cost-effective modality

Answer 76

A

1.To differentiate a T1 and T2 weighted image in MRI, look for:

Bones

Muscles

Aorta

Water

Answer 77

A

1.Tension ptx is present, which requires emergent treatment if cxr shows

Mediastinal shift to the pathological side

Mediastinal shift to the normal side

Superiors displacement of the diaphragm on the normal side

Inferior displacement of the diaphragm on the pathological side

Answer 78

A

1.Young female patient previously underwent appendectomy. Now she is having pain n the ileocecal region. Which of the following disorders would you be suspicions of?

Sigma diverticulitis

Crohns disease

Peptic ulcer

Extrauterine gravidity

Answer 79

A

1.In case of which of the following conditions would you make a frimann-dahl image?

Infiltrate of the lung

Abdominal free gas

Fracture of the femoral head

Subpulmonal fluid

Answer 80

A

1.What is the difference between the origin of an epidural and subdural hematoma (usually)?

Subdural hemorrhage: arterial

Subdural hemorrhage: vein

Epidural hemorrhage: vein

Epidural hemorrhage: arterial

Answer 81

A

1.Which condition can cause paralytic ileus?

Cramp caused by kidney stone

Acute pancreatitis

Mesenterial thrombo-embolism

Side-effect of medication

Answer 82

A

1.Tumors within the spinal canal may be classified as

Intramedullary

Extradural

Intradural-extramedullary

Extradural-intramedullary

Answer 83

A

1.Which of the followings can be complications after an operation

Ileus caused by adhesions

Abscess

Stress ulcus

Insufficiency of the suture

Answer 84

A

1.To evaluate an abdominal CT, the optimal windowing setting is…./on the HU-scale? (WL=window level, WW=window width)

WL=-600 HU, WW=1600 HU

WL=800 HU, WW=2000 HU

WL=60 HU, WW=360 HU

WL= 0 HU, WW=200 HU

Answer 85

A

1.Which organ would you put in this sentence: the …… body is the most common portion of this organ to be injured in blunt trauma because they are compressed against the spine in blunt traumatic injuries to the abdomen

Gall-bladder

Bladder

Pancreas

Liver

Aorta

Answer 86

A

1.Which investigation is stongly recommended before doing a barium enema?

Pelvic US???

Cystoscopy

Rectoscopy????

Barium follow-through

Urography

Answer 87

A

1.Which of the following modalities is not a functional imaging method:

Scinitgarphy

PET

Mammography

SPECT

Answer 88

A

1.In case of a simple renal cyst (with 25 mm diameter, without irregular wall and without septations), how could we characterize the inner content of the cyst?

Hypoechoic

Anechoic

Hyperechoic

Hyperdense

Answer 89

A

1.In case of enlarged axillary and supraclavicular lymph nodes the first imaging method is:

CT

MR

US

Scintigraphy

Answer 90

A

1.Gold standard” method currently in the diagnosis of renal cell cancer

HRCT

Transabdominal US

Unenhanced abdominal CT examination

IV urography

Contrast enhanced multiphasic abdominal CT

Answer 91

A

1.Which of the following indications is inadequate planning an MRI in head and neck region?

Evaluation of perineural tumor spread

Bony skullbase evaluation in suspicion of bony fracture owing to an injury

Cartilage infiltration of the larynx

Proving soft tissue involvement of suprahyoid compartments

Posttherapeutic differentiation between recidive tumor and scar tissue

Answer 92

A

2.What kind of material is administered to the patient during an isotope examination?

Contrast media

Isopharmacon

Gadolinium

Radiopharmacon

Answer 93

A

1.Which of the following fracture type is considered as “pathological fracture”?

Fatigue fractures of athletes

Facture of bones weakened by a tumor, inflammation or cyct

All type of vertebral facture

Fractures due to osteoporosis

Answer 94

A

1.Which imaging technique is useful to demonstrate the vascularity of a splenic tumor?

Color-duplex abdominal US

Multiphasic contrast enhanced abdominal CT

A-P abdominal x-ray

Contrast enhanced abdominal MR

Answer 95

A

1.IV contrast material should be avoided at CT examinations when the patient suffers from:

Manifest hypothyroidism

Severe lower extremity atherosclerotic disease

Manifest hyperthyroidism

Multinodular goiter

Answer 96

A

Well rounded, hypoechoic

Well rounded, anechoic

Well rounded, hyperechoic

Well rounded, hyperdense

Answer 97

A

1.The following inflammatory conditions can cause small bowel ileus:

Chron´s disease

Diverticulitis

Bowel tuberculosis

All of the above

Answer 98

A

1.Which is reliable imaging method in a suspicion of pulmonary embolism?

Transesophageal US

P-A chest x-ray

Pulmonary CT-angiography

Fluoroscopy of the chest

Answer 99

A

1.In case of recurring right subcostal pain, the first imaging method is:

Abdominal CT

MR

Abdominal US

Scintigraphy

Answer 100

A

1.What is the first chosen imaging method in case of neck nodule?

Swallow x-ray examination

US

MR

CT

Answer 101

A

1.Which renal lesion contains typically fat?

Renal cell carcinoma

Septated renal cyst

Renal cortical infarction

Angiomyolipoma

Answer 102

A

1.In case of a left sided PTX the mediastinal complex will move:

Moderately to the left side

The mediastinal complex will stay in unchanged position

Extensively to the right side

Extensively to the left side

Answer 103

A

1.The following transducer is usually used for adult thyroid US

9-12.5 MHz convex

6-9 MHz phased-array

2.5-5 MHz convex

7.5-10 MHz linear

Answer 104

A

1.Which of the following statement is the absolute contraindication for enema reduction of an intussusception (in case of a 4 month old baby):

Small amount of free fluid on the abdominal US

Signs of perforation

Subicterus

Small bowel obstruction

Answer 105

A

1.Which is NOT an indication of chest x-ray

High fever

Search for primary tumor

Elevated liver enzymes
Chest screening

Answer 106

A

1.Which is not a functional x-ray examination

Swallow examination

Fistulography of the liver (???)

Bedside A-P view chest x-ray

Barium enema study (irrigoscopy)

Answer 107

A

1.How could we demonstrate a calcified stone in the gallbladder, with 30 mm in diameter (choose the false statement)

Angiography

US

Native abdominal CT

With P-A abdominal x-ray

Answer 108

A

1.Which method is used for the detection of testicular cancer?

PET-CT

Angiography

CT

US

Answer 109

A

1.Which X-ray technique is applied by conventional chest x-ray?

Heardbeam technique (25-35keV)

Softbeam technique (25-35 keV)

Heardbeam technique (120-140 keV)

Mammography uses soft beams

Softbeam technique (120-140 keV)

Answer 110

A

1.If a pulmonary infiltrate DOES NOT resolve over time despite treatment with antimicrobial agents, think of….

Broncho-alveolar subtype of lung cancer

Supraglottic cancer of larynx

Boeck sarcoidosis

Presence of mycoplasma or klebsiella

Pleural adhesions

Answer 111

A

1.In case of stroke, treatment strategy is primarily based on the following findings:

Localization of the lesion (infra- or supratentorial)

Unilateral or bilateral lesion

Presence of oedema

Presence of hemorrhage