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Pre-Registration Exam > Past Papers > Flashcards

Past Papers Flashcards

1
Q

Through which route should vincristine be administered and why?

A

Intravenously accidental spinal injection (intrathecal) can lead to nephrotoxicity and death

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2
Q

What are the doses of oral bisphosphates that can be used?

A

Alendronic acid - 10mg OD
Risedronate - 35mg weekly

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3
Q

Give an example of an antidepressant that can cause weight gain

A

Mirtazapine

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4
Q

What are the signs of sepis?

A

Caused my immune system over responding to an infection
Fast heart rate, low blood pressure, fever, chills, clammy skin, confusion, shortness of breath, rash

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5
Q

Which beta blocker is least likely to cause nightmares and why?

A

Water-soluble beta-blockers (such as atenolol, celiprolol hydrochloride, nadolol, and sotalol hydrochloride) because they are less likely to enter the brain,

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6
Q

What advice should be given to a patient with type 1 diabetes when travelling for a long duration of time?

A

They should maintain the glucose level at 5mmol or more throughout the journey

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7
Q

What important safety information is there for montelukast?

A

There is a risk of neuropsychiatric responses inc OCD and speech impairment in pt taking drug
Pt should seek medical attention ASAP if symptoms occur

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8
Q

What should be done when a schedule 2 drug is returned?

A

It should be stored in a separate section of cd cabinet before being rendered irretrievable- denature

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9
Q

What should be done first when a error in dosage is discovered post dispensing

A

The patient should be informed

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10
Q

What diuretics are safe to use in renal impairment?

A

Metolazone

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11
Q

What do shingles look like

A

A strip of red blisters that wrap around the right of left side of one’s torso
Usually on one side of the body

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12
Q

What is the most important thing to consider in a patient that is 15 requiring a MAP?

A

Establishing if they are gillick competent
This means she is considered intelligent enough to consent to treatment

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13
Q

What drug class is linagliptin and what is the mechanism of action?

A

dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
enzyme that degrades the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)
Stimulate insulin and inhibit glucagon

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14
Q

What should be used to treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting?

A

Ondansetron, aprepitant and dexamethasone

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15
Q

What should be done if a patient with gestational diabetes who is currently taking metformin has uncontrolled glucose levels?

A

Insulin lispro should be added

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16
Q

What type of patients with thrush should be referred to a doctor?

A

Patients over 60 or diabetic or pregnant or experience thrush for the first time or repeatedly within 6 months of treatment should be referred to a doctor.

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17
Q

Which medication that can be used to reduce nausea and vomiting causes muscle rigidity?

A

Droperidol

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18
Q

How often to patients taking carbimazole need to get their blood tested

A

Every 6 weeks till hormone levels are stable
Then every 3 months for as long as it’s taken

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19
Q

What are signs of poor inhaler technique?

A

Oral thrush - wash mouth

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20
Q

Dosage for adrenaline

A

N

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21
Q

What are some examples of medications that interact with warfarin?

A

Warfarin has multiple interactions including Vitamin K, clarithromycin and cranberry but not grapefruit.

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22
Q

What is considered a normal egfr?

A

Above 90

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23
Q

What are target lithium levels

A

0.8-1.2meq/L

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24
Q

What are some examples of hepatic inducers

A

carbamazepine, eslicarbazepine acetate, nevirapine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, rifabutin, rifampicin, ritonavir, St John’s wort, and topiramate),

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25
Q

Which contraceptives can have their efficacy reduced by hepatic inducers

A

POP, COC, patches, rings, sub-dermal implants, EHC

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26
Q

What is required for a headteacher to order salbutamol inhalers?

A

A signed order on headed notepaper requires before supply can be made

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27
Q

How should acute attacks of gout be treated?

A

Colchicine, high dose NSAID or oral corticosteroids

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28
Q

Which NSAID has the most gastrointestinal effects?

A

Piroxicam

29
Q

What counselling advice should be given to pt taking sodium valproate?

A

Pregnancy prevention, signs of pancreatitis(pain, nausea, vomiting)

30
Q

What are the dosage requirements for different ages of adrenaline for anaphylaxis 1mg/ml injection?

A

6 months - 100-150mcg, 6months to 5 years - 150mcg, 6-11 years 300mcg, 12-17 years 500mcg 300mcg can be given if child is small, adult - 500mcg
can be repeated after 5 minutes if there is no response, if condition is still life threatening can be repeated every 5 minutes till help comes.
should be injected into outer middle thigh

31
Q

what are the symptoms of Lyme disease?

A

round shaped rash that may have lighter area in the centre caused by a tick bite
usually appears 1-4 weeks after bite but can appear after up to 3 months
symptoms: pyrexia, headache, tiredness and muscle/joint pain

32
Q

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme substrates ?

A

Statins, Theophylline, Phenytoin, Warfarin, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI): sertraline, citalopram, fluoxetine
Amitriptyline, Codeine Caffeine

33
Q

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme inducers?

A

Anticonvulsants: phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone
Steroids: dexamethasone, prednisolone, glucocorticoids
Antibiotics: rifampicin, griseofulvin
Others: nicotine, alcohol, cigarette smoke, St John’s Wort

34
Q

what are some examples of CYP450 enzyme inhibtors?

A

Azoles: ketoconazole, fluconazole
Antibiotics: sulfonamides, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, macrolides, isoniazid
Cimetidine
Omeprazole
Sodium valproate
Grapefruit

35
Q

which medications interact with grapefruit juice ?

A

CCB, amiodarone, statins, PDE5 inhibitors, ulipristal, antiplatelet, immunosuppressants quetiapine, sertraline, sitagliptin , cancer
drugs, ivabradine, dronedarone, carbamazepine, Budesonide

36
Q

how old does a patient have to be to be able to receive mebendazole treatment OTC?

A

2 years and over

37
Q

what can be prescribed for a patient that experiences off episodes whilst taking co-caredopa?

A

apomoprhine

38
Q

what should be done when a patient with type 1 diabetes feels unwell and has a fever?

A

there glucose levels should be monitored more often

39
Q

how should children less than 3 months be treated for bacterial meningitis?

A

g intravenous cefotaxime plus either
amoxicillin or ampicillin

40
Q

which anticoagulant should be given post mechanical heart valve replacement?

A

warfarin

41
Q

what is the recommended alcohol consumption units for men and women?

A

men and women are advised not to drink more than 14 units a week on a regular basis. spread your drinking over 3 or more days

42
Q

what are signs of serotonin syndrome?

A

Agitation or restlessness, Insomnia, Confusion, Rapid heart rate and high blood pressure, Dilated pupils, Loss of muscle coordination or twitching muscles, High blood pressure, Muscle rigidity, Heavy sweating, Diarrhea, Headache, Shivering,
Goose bumps

43
Q

what are some characteristics of Molluscum contagiosum?

A

They are raised and dome-shaped with a shiny white dimple in the middle.
spots on their body and in or around folds of skin (groin, behind the knee and armpits).

44
Q

what diabetic medication can cause blood in urine

A

pioglitazone = can increase risk of bladder cancer

45
Q

which diabetic medication can cause weight gain and stomach upset?

A

gliclazide

46
Q

what is the duration of time a prescription for Isotretinoin should be dispensed after being written under the
Pregnancy Prevention Programme

A

7 days

47
Q

which vitamin can cause loss of feeling in arms and legs

A

Long term supplementation of Vitamin b6 can result in peripheral neuropathy which may be reversible if caught early

48
Q

what is an elixir

A

Elixirs are sweetened hydro-alcoholic (water and alcohol) liquids for oral use.

49
Q

what age does a patient have to be to be able to get get levonelle and ellaone OTC

A

Ella one child bearing age
levonelle 16 and over

50
Q

what medication would have the label harmful if swallowed?

A

potassium permanganate

51
Q

which diuretic carries a risk of skin cancer?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

52
Q

which antibiotic can cause cardiovascular events when given with hydroxychloroquine?

A

azithromycin

53
Q

what is an off label medicine

A

An ‘off label’ medicine would have a license in other countries but not in t

54
Q

what kind of issue is it when a CD is preceded for more than 30 days?

A

good practice

55
Q

which antibiotic can affect liver function?

A

co-amoxiclav

56
Q

which antibiotic can cause tendonitis?

A

ciprofloxacin

57
Q

what age is OTC fexofenadine licensed for?

A

12

58
Q

which class of medication can cause gingival hyperplasia?

A

CCB

59
Q

Give an example of a medication that can cause hypertensive crisis

A

phenelzine

60
Q

what medication can cause ototoxicity?

A

furosemide

61
Q

what side effects can salbutamol cause?

A

Arrhythmias; headache; palpitations; tremor

62
Q

how is diverticulitis treated? (antibiotics)

A

Co-amoxiclav 500/125 TDS 5/7
Cefalexin 500 BD/TDS 5/7 + Metronidazole 400 TDS 5/7

63
Q

Which antiepileptic drugs are safe in pregnancy?

A

lamotrigine and levetiracetam

64
Q

what is mastitis?

A

swollen hot to touch breast, discharge
common in pregnancy
massage, cold/hot compress,

65
Q

which medication can cause fourniers gangrene?

A

SGLT2 inhibitor - ertugliflozin

66
Q

which diuretic cause urine to turn blue?

A

triamterene

67
Q

There is an increased risk of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis following exposure to this drug and the risk is particularly increased in the first 14 days
after birth.

A

erythromycin

68
Q

what is the maximum days of continuous treatment for OTC naproxen

A

3 days per period

Pre-Registration Exam (2 decks)

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