Past Paper Questions Flashcards
There are eight planets in orbit around the Sun.
Which other type of object orbits the Sun?
Dwarf Planet
Complete the sentences.
The Sun was formed when a —— in space was pulled together by gravity
- nebula
- gravity
The Sun has reached the Main Sequence stage in it’s lifecycle. What stage in the lifecycle of the Sun will follow the Main Sequence stage?
The red giant
A Main Sequence star in a distant galaxy is the same size and mass as the Sun.
Describe what will happen to the star between the main sequence stage and the end of the star’s life cycle.
- when all hydrogen has been used up in the fusion process, the larger nuclei will expand, forming a Red Giant.
- when all nuclear reactions are over, the star will collapse on itself (due to the inwards pull of gravity) causing the star to become a white dwarf.
- the star will cool to become a black dwarf
The light from distant galaxies shows red-shift
Complete the sentence
The term red-shift describes the observed increase in the ——- of the light from a distant galaxy
Wavelength
The Big Bang theory is one model used to explain the origin of the universe. How does the Big Bang theory describe the universe when it began?
It began from a very small region that was extremely hot and dense
(diagram of a simple seismometer) Why does the movement of a bar magnet induce a potential difference across the coil?
magnetic field around the coil
changes
The seismometer cannot detect small vibrations.
Suggest two changes to the design of the seismometer that would make it more
sensitive to small vibrations
- stronger magnetic field
- more turns on the coil
- turns pushed closer together
- spring with a lower spring
constant
The further a swimmer dives below the surface of the sea, the greater the pressure on
the swimmer.
Explain why.
- increasing depth increases the
height / mass / volume (of the
water column) above the
swimmer - increasing the weight / force (of
water) acting on the swimmer
unit for pressure
Pascals or Pa
Suggest what the student may have done during the investigation to cause each
angle of reflection to have a range of values.
not replacing mirror / ray box
in the same position
When the boat propeller pushes water backwards, the boat moves forwards.
The force on the water causes an equal and opposite force to act on the boat.
Which law is this an example of?
Newton’s 3rd law (of motion)
Explain why the velocity of the satellite changes as it orbits the Earth
- (force of) gravity causes the
satellite to accelerate (towards
the Earth) - the acceleration causes a
change in direction - velocity changes because
direction changes
Figure 19 shows a simple electric motor. (MOTOR EFFECT) When there is a current in the coil, the coil rotates continuously.
Explain why.
- the sides of the coil (parallel to
the magnet) experience a force
(in opposite directions) - the forces cause moments that
act in the same (clockwise /
anticlockwise) direction - (each half-revolution) the two
halves of the (rotating)
commutator swap from one
(carbon) brush to the other - (each half-revolution) the
commutator reverses the current
(in the coil)
