Past paper Flashcards
Mechanism of ciprofloxacin?
Inhibitors DNA gyrase
Mechanism of sulphonamide and trimethoprim?
Inhibitors folate synthesis
Acute side effect of meoclopramide?
Acute dystonia
What cancers does tamoxifen increase risk of?
Endometrial and Uterine sarcoma
Warm peripheries + hypotension
Low systemic resistance
Noradrenaline is vasopressor of choice
Incubation of measles?
10 days
Neurocytocosis?
FLuid filled spheres throughout both hemispehres
Caused by long term infection from pork tapeworm
Treatment of neurocytocosis?
Albendazole + prazquintl + anti-epileptic meds
What is the staging of hogdkin’s lymphoma?
PET-CT
Staging of hogdkin’s lymphoma?
Stage 1:
- lymphoma in a single lymph node or one group of lymph nodes, or an organ of the lymphatic system (such as the thymus)
lymphoma in an extranodal site (1E)
Stage 2:
This means one of the following:
your lymphoma is in two or more groups of lymph nodes
your lymphoma is in an extranodal site and one or more groups of lymph nodes (2E)
In both cases, the 2 sites of lymphoma are on the same side of the diaphragm.
Stage 3: Disease both side of diaphragm
Stage 4: either side of diaphramg + at least one extranodal disease
Thrombolysis candidate + Hypertensive
Treat hypertension until systolic 185 or less
Use Labetalol
What recreational substance causes methaehaemoglobin?
Poppers
Treatment for listeria meningitis?
Amoxicillin + Gentamicin
Anti-anginal that causes ulceration?
Nicorrandil
AF alone but no heart issues?
Atenolol - if only AF
Bisoprolol if heat problems
Monitoring in sarcoidosis?
Treat when lung function affects
Or
Calcium levels elevated
Juvenile myoclonoic epilepsy treatment?
Levetiracetam - female
Valporate male
GCS that classifies as severe malaria according to WHO?
GCS 11
Haemophilia B bleeding - management/
Factor 9
Circular lesions 1-2 mm on feet
Granuloma annular
Discharge after primary pneumothroax aspiration
They are well - discharge
Forceful apexbeat + Syncope + deep T waves ( welleans) + late systolic murmur?
HOCM
Antibiotics that may precipitate torsades?
Macrolides
Lengthen QT
Renal impairment + UTI?
- Trimethorpim
Can use if eGFR > 15 - Pivmecillinam
Massive splenomegally?
Think myelofibrosis
Cells to confirm / monotir myelfibrosis?
CD34+ve
What is needed for diagnosis of PCOS?
Biochemical: can be clinical i.e. acne or test
transvaginal ultrasound
What liver thing is associated with ulcerative colitis?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Peural tap: Lymphocytes + Ph < 7.2 + low glucose
Tuberculosis
Pneumonia + erythema multiforme?
Mycoplasma
Pneumonia + outbreaks
Mycoplasma
Cancers that sclerotic + lytic lesions
Prostate
Breast cancer
Cervical cancer
Testicular cancer
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is lincalotide?
guanylyl cyclase c receptor agonist
Used in IBS with difficult constipation
Treatment is wegners?
Cyclophosphamide
or
Rituximab + methylprednisolone
How to differenate between anti-GBM disease and Wegner?s
Wegners –> elevated ESR
When can ivabradine be used in heart failure
HR > 75
Ejection fraction < 35%
patients already taking ramipril
How best to manage prolactinoma?
Medical treatment
Do surgery if medical fails
How best to manage acromegally ?
Surgery is priority
Multi-system atrophy?
Autonomic
Parkinsonism
Dementia
EEG wave complexes + rapid progressive dementia + hyerreflexia + Mycoplconus
Sporadic CJD
Starting adrenal replacement therapy?
Start 30 mg per day
2/3 in mane 1/3 at night
What is the other option to calcium gluconate?
Calcium chloride
Side effect of pyrazinamide?
Hepatitis
Alpha blocker of choice in phaeochromocytoma?
Phenoxybenzamine
What cancers are associated with coeliac disease?
small bowel t cell lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Aortic dissection of ascending aorta /
Stanford type A
Aortic dissection of descending aorta?
Stanford type B
Gestational diabertes managenemtn booking glucose < 7?
Diet
If diet fails –> metformin
If metformin fails –> Insulin + metformin
Aim to keep fasting glucose < 7
Prednisolone dose in PMR?
15 mg prednisolone
Management of methotrexate overdose ?
Folinic acid
What rash is seen in primary billiary cholangitis?
Lichen planus
Secondary syphilus has a papular rash
Secondary syphilus has a papular rash
Choice of antibiotics for legionella?
Levofloxacin
Clarithromycin / Erythromycin
What is lentigo maligna/
Can transform to malignant melanoma
Mutliple ulcers, erosions and intraluminal blood clots?
Inschaemic colitis