Past Exam Questions Flashcards
Sodium Acetate is Dissolved in Water. The solution becomes…
Alkaline as water can protonate the acetate ion.
H2O + Cl2 → HOCl + HCl
What happens to Chlorine in this reaction?
It i Oxidised and Reduced Simultaneously.
What is the Enthalpy of a reaction?
The difference between the enthalpies of the products and the enthalpies of the reactants.
What are Lewis Bases?
Electron Pair Donors
What is an Alpha particle?
The nucleus of a 4He originating from a decomposing nucleus of an isotope.
What is a Beta particle?
A high speed electron emitted through radioactive decay of an isotope.
Why can’t an oxide ion (O2-) exist in water?
The Oxide ion is a strong base which is instantly protonated by water: [O2- + H2O → 2OH-]
Define Ionisation Energy.
The energy required to remove the most loosely held electron from a gaseous atom.
What are the units for Ionisation Energy?
J (Joules)
eV (Electron Volts)
J/mol (Joules per Mol)
What are the products of the reaction between Copper metal and Diluted Nitric Acid?
Cu(NO3)2 (Copper Nitrate)
NO<strong>(g)</strong> (Nitrogen Monoxide)
H2O (Water)
What is the electromotive force (EMF)?
The difference between half-cell (Cathode-Anode) potentials in a voltaic cell.
What is the unit of EMF?
Volts.
The majority of heavy metal ions can be detected by means of…
Dihydrogen Sulphide
Sodium Acetate (CH3COONa) is dissolved in water, the solution will be…
Alkaline as water can protonate the acetate ions.
What is an Isotope?
An atom whose nuclei have the same atomic number but a different mass number.
What is a Brønsted Base?
Proton Acceptor.
How can ammonium ions be detected?
Nessler Reagent
How can Nitrite Ions be detected?
Griess-Ilosvay Reagent
How can Arsenic ions be detected? Which precipitate colour is produced?
Bettendorf Reagent
Black ppt.
What is a ligand?
Ions or neutral molecules that bond to a central metal atom or ion - Can often be seen in complex formation.
What is heavy water?
Deuterium Oxide
D2O (2H2O)
What is an Oxoacid? Give 3 examples.
An acid which contains oxygen.
HNO3
H2SO4
H3PO4
Sulphuric Acid + Lead(II) Nitrate Produces
H2SO4 + Pb(NO3)2
PbSO4 + 2HNO3
(White Precipitate)
How can Sulfide (S2-) ions be detected?
With Lead (II) Nitrate Solution
Producing PbS
(Black Solution Formed)
How can Sulphate (SO42-) Ions be detected? What is the product?
Barium Chloride (BaCl2)
Producing BaSO4
(White Precipitate)
How would Ammonium (NH4+) ions be detected? Which observations can be made?
Nessler-reagent (K2[HgI4])
Orange-Brown Precipitate
How would you detect nitrite (NO2-) ions?
Griess-Ilosvay Reagent
Liquid Becomes Pink and then Yellow
Lewis Bases ….. electrons
Donate
Hydrogen Sulphide
H2S
Iodine:
Colour,
Aggregation State
Solubility in water
Grey
Solid
Low Solubility
Combination of I2 with KI produces…
K[I3]
Example of formation of Iodine.
2KI + Cl2 → I2 + 2KCl
Ammonia:
Colour
Aggregation State
Odour
Colourless
Gas
Sharp Odour
NH3 + HCl →
NH4Cl
AgCl + 2NH3 →
[Ag(NH3)2]+ + Cl-
SnCl2
Tin (II) Chloride
Al2O3
Aluminium Oxide
KH2PO4
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate
NH4SCN
Ammonium Thiocyanate
Na2[Zn(OH)4]
Sodium TetraHydroxoZincate
Mercury (II) Amide-Chloride
Hg(NH2)Cl
Hydrogen Sulphide Ion
HS-
Hydrazine
N2H4
Silver (I) Nitrate
AgNO3
Reaction of Copper (II) Hydroxide under heat.
Cu(OH)2 → CuO + H2O
Draw a metal chelate complex.
