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Passmed PSA Corrections > Passmed PSA Corrections > Flashcards

Passmed PSA Corrections Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic HF drug management 1st line

A

ACEi and B-blocker (bisoprolol/carvedilol/nebivolol) as they improve long term prognosis
- one should be started at a time
- neither have any effect on mortality in HF with PRESERVED ejection fraction

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2
Q

Which drugs are clasically taken at night?

A

statins
amitriptyline

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3
Q

common and rarer adverse effects of sulfonylureas (e.g. gliclazide)

A

hypoglycaemic episodes
weight gain

hyponatremia 2ndary to SIADH
bone marrow suppression
hepatotoxicity
peripheral neuropathy

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4
Q

contraindications for sulfonylureas

A

breastfeeding
pregnancy

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5
Q

COCP absolute contraindications

A

age >35 while smoking >15/day

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6
Q

Why should b-blockers and verapamil never be prescribed together?

A

due to risk of life threatening bradycardias

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7
Q

initial O2 dose for critically ill patients

A

reservoir mask at 15l/min normally
28% venturi mask at 4l/min for COPD patients

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8
Q

situations where O2 should not be used routinely if there is no evidence of hypoxia

A

MI and ACS
stroke
obstetric emergencies
anxiety-related hyperventilation

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9
Q

harmful antibiotics in pregnancy

A

tetracyclines e.g. doxycycline
aminoglycosides e.g. gentamycin
sulphonamides e.g. sulfasalazine, and trimethoprim
quinolones e.g. ciprofloxacin

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10
Q

drugs to avoid in pregnancy (not abx)

A

ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists
statins
warfarin
sulfonylureas
retinoids (inc. topical)
cytotoxic agents
(majority of antiepileptics e.g. valproate, carbamazepine, phenytoin are potentially harmful but may not be stopped as uncontrolled epilepsy is also a risk)

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11
Q

differentiate between carbimazole and carbamazepine

A

carbimazole = antithyroid
carbamazepine = antiepileptic

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12
Q

differentiate between chlorphenamine, chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol and chlordiazepoxide

A

chlorphenamine = antihistamine
chlorpromazine = antipsychotic
chloramphenicol = abx used for superficial eye infections/bacterial infection in otitis externa
chlordiazepoxide = benzodiazepine

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13
Q

verapamil SE

A

HF
constipation
hypotension
bradycardia
flushing

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14
Q

amlodipine/nifedipine/felodipine SE

A

flushing
headache
ankle swelling

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15
Q

abx contraindicated in breastfeeding

A

ciproflaxin
tetracyclines e,g, doxycycline
chloramphenicol
sulphonamides e.g. sulfasalazine

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16
Q

psychiatric drugs contraindicated in breastfeeding

A

lithium
benzodiazepines e.g. diazepam, lorazepam, chlordiazepoxide

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17
Q

other contraindicated drugs in breastfeeding (not abx/psychiatric)

A

aspirin
carbimazole
methotrexate
sulfonylureas
cytotoxic drugs
amiodarone

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18
Q

abx that CAN be given to breastfeeding mothers

A

penicillins
cephalosporins, e.g. cephalexin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone
trimethoprim

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19
Q

endo drugs that CAN be given to breastfeeding women

A

glucocorticoids (avoid high doses) e.g. prednisolone, dexamethasone, methylprednisolone.
levothyroxine (amount is too small to affect neonatal hypothyroidism screening)

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20
Q

epilepsy drugs that CAN be given to breastfeeding women

A

sodium valproate
carbamazepine

21
Q

asthma drugs that CAN be given to breastfeeding women

A

salbutamol
theophyllines

22
Q

psychiatric drugs that CAN be given to breastfeeding women

A

tricyclic antidepressants, e.g. amitriptyline, imipramine, clomipramine, nortriptyline
antipsychotics (BUT NOT CLOZAPINE!)

23
Q

recommended treatment for exacerbations of COPD

A

amoxicillin/tetracycline/clarithromycin

24
Q

recommended treatment for uncomplicated CAP

A

amoxicillin (doxy or clarithro if pen allergy, add fluclox if staphy suspected e.g. in influenza)

25
Q

recommended treatment for CAP caused by atypical pathogens

A

clarithromycin

26
Q

recommended treatment for lower UTI

A

trimethoprim/nitrofurantoin (alternatively amoxicillin or cephalosporin)

27
Q

recommended treatment for acute pyelonephritis

A

broad spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. cephalexin/cefuroxime) or a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)

28
Q

recommended treatment for prostatitis

A

quinolone or trimethoprim

29
Q

recommended treatment for impetigo

A

topical hydrogen peroxide, oral flucloxacillin or erythromycin if widespread

30
Q

recommended treatment for cellulitis

A

flucloxacillin (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

31
Q

recommended treatment for cellulitis (near the eyes or nose)

A

co-amoxiclav (clarithromycin, + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

32
Q

recommended treatment for animal or human bite

A

co-amoxiclav (doxycycline + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

33
Q

recommended treatment for mastitis during breastfeeding

A

flucloxacillin

34
Q

recommended tx for throat infections

A

phenoxymethylpenicillin (if pen allergy then erythromycin alone)

35
Q

recommended tx for sinusitis

A

phenoxymethylpenicillin

36
Q

recommended tx for otitis media

A

amoxicillin ( erythro if pen allergy)

37
Q

otitis externa tx

A

flucloxacillin (combined topical abx + corticosteroid usually used for mild/moderate cases)

38
Q

periapical/periodontal abscess tx

A

amoxicillin

39
Q

gingivitis: acute necrotising ulcerative tx

A

metronidazole

40
Q

gonorrhoea tx

A

IM ceftriaxone

41
Q

chlamydia tx

A

doxycycline or azithromycin

42
Q

PID tx

A

oral fluclox + oral metronidazole OR IM ceftriaxone + oral doxy + oral metro

43
Q

syphilis tx

A

benzathine benzylpenicillin or doxy or erythro

44
Q

bacterial vaginosis tx

A

oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

45
Q

c.diff tx

A

first episode: oral vancomycin
second/subsequent episode: oral fidaxomicin

46
Q

campylobacter enteritis tx

A

clarithromycin

47
Q

salmonella tx

A

ciprofloxacin

48
Q

shigellosis tx

A

ciprofloxacin

Passmed PSA Corrections (1 decks)

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