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MSRA > PassMed Incorrect > Flashcards

PassMed Incorrect Flashcards

1
Q

Impaired glucose tolerance definition?

A

Fasting glucose 6.1 - 7 and OGTT 2-hr 7.8 - 11.1

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2
Q

Impaired fasting glucose definition?

A

Fasting glucose 6.1 - 7

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3
Q

Most common type of ovarian pathology associated with Meigs’ syndrome?

A

Fibroma

Small, solid, benign, fibrous tissue tumours
Assoc w/ Meig’s syndrome: pleural effusion (R), benign ovarian fibroma + ascites

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4
Q

Most common benign ovarian tumour in women under the age of 25 years?

A

Dermoid cyst (teratoma)

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5
Q

Commonest large ovarian tumours, 30-50y/o?

A

Mucinous cystadenomas

Benign epithelial tumour
If ruptures, may cause pseudomyxoma peritonei
May be multilocular
5% are malignant
Remove appendix at op -> send for histology (some ovarian tumours 2° to GI malignancy)

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6
Q

Management of anterior uveitis?

A

Refer for same-day ophthalmology review

  • Steroids (oral, topical, or IV)
  • Cycloplegic-mydiatric medications e.g. cyclopentolate/atropine eye drops
  • Immunosuppressants, eg DMARDs and TNF inhibitors
  • Laser therapy, cryotherapy, or surgery (vitrectomy) are options in severe cases
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7
Q

4 features of Horner’s syndrome?

A
  1. Miosis (small pupil)
  2. Ptosis
  3. Enophthalmos* (sunken eye)
  4. Anhidrosis (loss of sweating one side)
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8
Q

What is the most common extra-intestinal manifestation of Crohn’s disease?

A

Arthritis

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9
Q

Imaging of choice in suspected renal colic?

A

Non-contrast CT-KUB

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10
Q

Treatment for severe diarrhoea due to campylobacter?

A

First-line: Clindamycin

Second-line: Ciprofloxacin (although often resistant)

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11
Q

First line radiological investigation for suspected stroke?

A

CT head WITHOUT contrast

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12
Q

A 58-year-old farmer attends the emergency department with his wife. He has a high fever and is sweating profusely. On examination he has several black blisters which produce foul smelling discharge.

What organism is usually associated with this condition?

A

Clostridium perfringens (causes gas gangrene)

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13
Q

Routine antenatal care. Early scan to confirm dates

A

10 - 13 weeks

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14
Q

Routine antenatal care. First screen for anaemia and atypical red cell alloantibodies`

A

8 - 12 weeks

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15
Q

Routine antenatal care. First dose of anti-D prophylaxis to rhesus negative women

A

28 weeks

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16
Q

Pregnant woman (2nd/3rd trimester) with itchy, blistering rash around her umbilicus. Diagnosis and treatment?

A

Pemphigoid gestationis

Oral steroids

17
Q

In what instances should a chest tube be placed for a pleural effusion?

A
  1. Purulent/cloudy fluid
  2. Clear fluid, but pH <7.2 with suspected infection
18
Q

What is the treatment for suspected epididymo-orchitis if unknown organism?

A

Ceftriaxone 500mg IM stat, plus doxycycline 100mg PO BD 10-14 days

19
Q

How are clotting factors affected in liver failure?

A

All clotting factors are low, except for factor VIII which is paradoxically supra-normal. This is because factor VIII is synthesised in endothelial cells throughout the body

20
Q

Which drugs have been shown to reduce mortality in patients with left ventricular failure?

A
  • ACE-i + ARBs
  • Beta-blockers
  • Aldosterone antagonists
  • Hydralazine and nitrates
21
Q

What is the most common causative organism of early-onset (<48h) neonatal sepsis? How is this prevented?

A

Group B Strep

Intrapartum abx (benzylpenicillin)

22
Q

Anti-D immunoglobulin should be given as soon as possible (but always within 72 hours) in which situations? (8)

A
  • delivery of a Rh +ve infant, whether live or stillborn
  • any TOP
  • miscarriage if gestation is > 12 weeks
  • ectopic pregnancy (if surgical Mx, if medical Mx w/ methotrexate anti-D not required)
  • external cephalic version
  • antepartum haemorrhage
  • amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, fetal blood sampling
  • abdominal trauma
23
Q

Ovarian cyst - if ruptures may cause pseudomyxoma peritonei?

A

Mucinous cystadenoma

24
Q

The most common type of ovarian epithelial cell tumour

A

Serous cystadenoma

25
Q

What is the mechanism of action of memantine?

A

NMDA receptor antagonist

26
Q

Four weeks after an anterior myocardial infarction a 69-year-old presents with pulmonary oedema. The ECG shows persistent ST elevation in the anterior leads.

A

Left ventricular aneurysm

27
Q

Down’s syndrome screening including nuchal scan. Timing?

A

11 - 13 weeks

28
Q

Anomaly scan

A

18 - 20 weeks

29
Q

At what stage of pregnancy would ECV be offered?

A

Week 36

MSRA (10 decks)

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