Passmed gynae

Question 1

stages of ovarian cancer

Answer 1

The stages of ovarian cancer are as follows:
Confined to the ovaries (Stage 1)
Local spread within the pelvis (Stage 2)
Spread beyond the pelvis to the abdomen (Stage 3)

Question 1

Endometrial hyperplasia is associated with;

Answer 1

Taking oestrogen unopposed by progesterone
Obesity
Late menopause
Early menarche
Aged over 35-years-old
Being a current smoker
Nulliparity
Tamoxifen

Question 2

Endometrial hyperplasia may present with

Answer 2

Endometrial hyperplasia may present with intermenstrual bleeding, post-menopausal bleeding, menorrhagia or irregular bleeding

Question 3

postmenopausal women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia management

Answer 3

A total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, in addition, is advisable for all postmenopausal women with atypical endometrial hyperplasia, due to the risk of malignant progression

Question 4

Endometrial hyperplasia definition

Answer 4

Endometrial hyperplasia may be defined as an abnormal proliferation of the endometrium in excess of the normal proliferation that occurs during the menstrual cycle. A minority of patients with endometrial hyperplasia may develop endometrial cancer

Question 5

simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia management

Answer 5

simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia: high dose progestogens with repeat sampling in 3-4 months. The levonorgestrel intra-uterine system may be used

Question 6

types of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer 6

simple
complex
simple atypical
complex atypical