passmed Flashcards
lithium in pregnancy, pan systolic murmur and mid-diastolic murmur, and enlarged RA
Ebstein’s anomaly is caused by the use of lithium in pregnancy. It occurs when the posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced anteriorly towards the apex of the right ventricle. The creates tricuspid regurgitation (pan-systolic murmur) and tricuspid stenosis (mid-diastolic murmur). There is also enlargement of the right atrium. Ventricular septal defects present with a pan-systolic but not diastolic murmur.
girl with haemophilia underlying diagnosis
Haemophilia is a X-linked recessive disorder and would hence be expected only to occur in males. As patients with Turner’s syndrome only have one X chromosome however, they may develop X-linked recessive conditions
Unilateral undescended testicle Mx
review at 3 months - if persistent refer
hearing test
pure tone audiometry
JIA unexpected symptom
pink rash
measles vs chicken pox features
It initially presents as a macular rash over the face. Children are often asymptomatic at this point. However, fever and coryza manifest whilst the rash spreads to the trunk and limbs. Koplik spots are white spots seen on the oral mucosa and are pathognomonic of measles.
vesicular rash in mouth and temperature before rash = more likely chickenpox
intussusception first step
order abdominal USS
Neonatal hypoglycaemia:
if asymptomatic then encourage normal feeds and monitor glucose
Ladds vs Kasai procedure
Paediatric intestinal malrotation with volvulus → Ladd’s procedure (includes division of Ladd bands and widening of the base of the mesentery)
Kasai procedure is used to manage cases of biliary atresia, rather than malrotation. It involves creating a connection between the liver and the small intestine to allow for bile drainage.
rotavirus type of vaccine
Rotavirus is an oral, live attenuated vaccine
(threadworms)
Enterobius vermicularis
Undescended testicles are associated with an increased risk of
infertility, torsion and testicular cancer
TOF Px
Tetralogy of Fallot: Cyanosis or collapse in first month of life, hypercyanotic spells. Ejection systolic murmur at left sternal edge
enuresis alarm if
over 5
scarlett fever return to school after
24 hours of Abx
A jittery and hypotonic baby in a mother who has taken beta blockers may suggest
may suggest neonatal hypoglycaemia.
when is MenB vaccine given
2, 4 and 12 months
