PASSMED Flashcards
ca125
ca19-9
ca15-3
ovarian
pancreatic
breast
PSA AFP CEA S-100 Bombesin
prostatic carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma, teratoma colorectal cancer melanoma, schwannomas SCLC, gastric cancer, neuroblastoma
RFs of cervical cancer
HPV 16, 18, 33
most common tumor casuing bone mets
prostate
breast
lung
common site
- spine
- pelvis
- ribs
- skull
- long bones
how to investigate pts with mets disease of unknown primary
- FBC, U&E, LFT, calcium, urinalysis, LDH
- Chest X-ray
- CT of chest, abdomen and pelvis
- AFP and hCG
example of alkylating agent
MOA
adverse effect
- cyclophosphamide
- alkylating agent ->causes cross linking in DNA
- Haemorrhagic cystitis, myelosuppression, transitional cell carcinoma
types of cytotoxic ABx
MOA
AE
bleomycin
degrades perfomed DNA
AE - lung fibrosis
Anthracyclines - doxorubicin
Stabilizes DNA-topoisomerase II complex inhibits DNA & RNA synthesis
cardiomyopathy
antimetabolites
MOA
AE
methotrexate
- Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthesis
- Myelosuppression, mucositis, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis
fluorouracil
Pyrimidine analogue inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase (works during S phase)
- meylosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis
acts on micortubules
vincristine, vinblastine
- inhibits formulation of microtubules
- Vincristine: Peripheral neuropathy (reversible) , paralytic ileus
Vinblastine: myelosuppression
cisplatin
MOA
AEs
causes cross-linking in DNA
- Ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, hypomagnesaemia
low risk pts with NV
high risk
metocloperamide GI related Sx
5HT3 receptor antagonists -> odansetron + dexamethasone?
N/V intracranial tumours
dexamethasone
SEs of immunotherapy
Dry, itchy skin and rashes (most commonly) Nausea and vomiting Decreased appetite Diarrhoea Tiredness and fatigue Shortness of breath and a dry cough.
which cancer calcitonin levels increase
medullary thyroid cancer
