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Passmed O&G Y5 > Passmed 1 > Flashcards

Passmed 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Repair of perineal tears

A

1 - no repair needed
2 - on ward by midwife/dr
3/4 - in theatre under general by trained clinitian

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2
Q

What combination of results from her combined test indicate a higher chance of Down’s syndrome?

A

Thickened nuchal translucency, increased B-HCG, reduced PAPP-A

low AFP

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3
Q

What is used as GBS prophylaxis

A

benzylpenicillin

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4
Q

what is oligohdramnios

A

reduced amniotic fluid

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5
Q

causes of oligohydramnios

A 
premature rupture of membranes
fetal renal problems e.g. renal agenesis
intrauterine growth restriction
post-term gestation
pre-eclampsia
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6
Q

What does a positive fetal fibronectin test indicate and how should it be managed

A

preterm labour

admit and give 2 doses IM steroids (lung maturation)

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7
Q

what maternal signs indicate TTTS

A

sudden increase in abdomen, breathlessness

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8
Q

when is AFP raised/lowered

A

raised in neural tube defects

lowered in downs

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9
Q

what is the cutoff used postpartum to determine if iron should be given

A

100g/L Hb

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10
Q

what sign would suggest erb’s palsy

A

adduction and internal rotation of the arm, with pronation of the forearm

(waiters tip)

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11
Q

What terminology is used to describe the head in relation to the ischial spine?

A

Station

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12
Q

what are the reference ranges for diagnosing gestational diabetes

A

‘5678’

fasting glucose is >= 5.6 mmol/L, or
2-hour glucose level of >= 7.8 mmol/L

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13
Q

what is the first drug given to manage major PPH

A

IV oxytocin

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14
Q

what is the first line antihypertensive in pre-eclamptic women with severe asthma

A

nifedipine

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15
Q

how will a hydratidiform mole present

A

Bleeding in first or early second trimester associated with exaggerated symptoms of pregnancy e.g. hyperemesis. The uterus may be large for dates
serum hCG is very high

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16
Q

how will an ectopic pregnancy present

A

6-8 weeks amenorrhoea with lower abdo pain and sometimes bleeding

shoulder tip pain
cervical excitation

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17
Q

How will a threatened miscarriage present

A

painless vaginal bleeding at 6-9 weeks

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18
Q

how will a missed/delayed miscarriage present

A

Light vaginal bleeding and symptoms of pregnancy disappear

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19
Q

how will vasa praevia present

A

Rupture of membranes followed immediately by vaginal bleeding. Fetal bradycardia is classically seen

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20
Q

how does a galactocele present

A

firm, non tender breast lump in women who have recently stopped breastfeeding

due to occlusion of lactoferrous duct

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21
Q

what are the SSRIs of choice for breastfeeding women

A

paroxetine

sertraline

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22
Q

Ectopic pregnancy in which location is most associated with an increase risk of rupture

A

isthmus

23
Q

how long after delivery can the COCP be restarted (if no breastfeeding etc), and why

A

3 weeks, due to inc VTE risk

24
Q

how will ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome present

A

ascites, vomiting, diarrhoea, high haematocrit

potential side effect of ovarian induction

25
Q

what are the two main causes of pulmonary hypoplasia

A

oligohydramnios

congenital diaphragmatic hernia

26
Q

what is the most important risk factor for cervical cancer

A

HPV inf (16,18 and 33)

27
Q

what is the leading differential in a girl with amenorhoea but painful cycles and normal sexual characteristics

A

imperforate hymen

28
Q

what cardiac anomaly is turners syndrome associated with

A

aortic coarctation

29
Q

when does the first stage of labor end

A

cervix is fully dilated (10cm)

30
Q

what is the safest method of contraception in someone who is at high risk of breast cancer

A

copper coil

31
Q

what blood test should be considered in women with repeat vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

HbA1c - exclude diabetes

32
Q

what is the cervical screening timeline

A

Age 25 years: first invitation.
Age 25-49 years: screening every 3 years.
Age 50-64 years: screening every 5 years.

33
Q

what are the risk factors for DDH

A 
Female
breech presentation
\+ve FHx
oligohydramnios 
high birth weight
34
Q

what are the characteristics of williams syndrome

A

short stature
elfin faecies
bubbly and friendly
learning difficulties

35
Q

what cardiac abn is associated with williams syndrome

A

supravalvular aortic stenosis

36
Q

what is a risk factor for cervical ectropion

A

COCP

37
Q

when is IUD insertion contraindicated

A

Active PID or active STI

38
Q

what is a red flag for Hirschsprung’s disease

A

passage of meconium >48hrs afterbirth

39
Q

what is the teratment for vaginal vault prolapse

A

sacrocolpoplexy

40
Q

what medications may help to reduce the size of uterine fibroiuds before surgery

A

GnRH agonists (-relin)

41
Q

how long after taking ulipristal acetate can hormonal contraception be started

A

5 days

42
Q

what are the long terms risks or complications of PCOS

A

inc risk endometrial cancer, heart disease, metabolic syndrome

43
Q

after giving birth, how long will women not require contraception for

A

21 days

44
Q

what is the most common cause of PID in the UK

A

chlamydia trachomatis

45
Q

who is ulipristal acetate not suitable for

A

patients with severe asthma who require glucocorticoids for symptom control

46
Q

what is the time limit for copper IUD insertion

A

within 5 days of unprotected sexual intercourse or within 5 days fo the earliest estimated date of ovulation, whatever is later

47
Q

what heart lesion is associated with duchene muscular dystrophy

A

dilated cardiomyopathy

48
Q

when is ECV offered

A

nulliparous - 36w

multiparous - 37w

49
Q

what is the triad of symptoms in shaken baby syndrome

A

Retinal haemorrhages, subdural haematoma and encephalopathy in child (0-5y)

50
Q

when can an intrauterine device be inserted after birth

A

whithin 48hrs or after 4 weeks

51
Q

when switching from POP to COCP, how long is barrier protection needed

A

7 days

52
Q

what is the most common identifiable cause of post coital bleeding

A

cervical ectropion

53
Q

when should progesterone levels be tested

A

7 days before end of cycle

Passmed O&G Y5 (2 decks)

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