passive vs active immunity ( tetanus self-study) Flashcards
What is Toxoids
Toxoids are toxins that have been detoxified by moderate heat or treatment with a chemical but have intact antigenic and immunogenic properties
why should tetanus antitoxin be avoided if possible
because the risk of serious anaphylactic or serum sickness reactions
Heterologous antiserum
heterologous antiserum will stimulate the production of antibody to the foreign protein, this response can lead to serum sickness.
toxin
toxin is lethal at low doses below those required to stimulate antibody formation.
unlike most diseases, someone recovering from tetanus will not have developed immunity
homologous antiserum
homologous antiserum may, on some occasions, elicit antibody responses in certain situations, but are neither beneficial nor dangerous
before administering an antisera from horses, you must account for
the patient’s history of passive immunizations. previous passive immunization with heterologous antiserum can stimulate the production of serum proteins and cause anaphylaxis immediately following injection
a secondary (anamnestic) response is characterized by a change in antibody level:
soon, higher, more prolonged
the passive immunity to tetanus provided by antisera is
acquired and antibody-mediated
serum sickness can be a serious problem when
passive immunization against tetanus using heterologous antiserum
why is active immunization better than passive immunization
active immunization lasts years while passive immunization provides protection for weeks to months
when is passive immunization better than active immunization
when immediate protection is required
how long will tommy criton have passive protection from mom
the length of his protection cannot be calculated
is tetanus toxid active or passive
active
