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Ornithology > Passeriformes > Flashcards

Passeriformes Flashcards

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Shorebirds of North America flashcards
1
Q

Passeriformes

A

Largest clade

most diverse clade

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2
Q

New Zealand Wrens

A

Basal Family: Acanthisittidae

  • 4 species
  • lacks oscine syrinx
  • endemic to New Zealand
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3
Q

Tyrant Flycatchers

  • Eastern Phoebe
  • Eastern Kingbird*
A

Tyrannidae

  • Sub Order Tyranni
  • Insectivores
  • New World
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4
Q

Jays and Crows

  • Blue Jay*
  • American Crow*
A

Corvidae

  • medium to large in size
  • sturdy, straight, strong bill
  • crows smaller than ravens
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5
Q

Shrikes

-Northern Shrike

A

Laniidae

  • bill sharp and hooked
  • tooth in upper mandible and notch in lower
  • often w/ black mask
  • eat insects and small vertebrates
  • often impail and store food on thorns or barbed wire
  • Holarctic and Africa
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6
Q

Vireos

-Red-eyed Vireo*

A

Vireonidae

  • Green/brown/gray plumage
  • arboreal; perch in trees
  • sexes monomorphic
  • New World
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7
Q

Waxwings

-Cedar Waxwing*

A

Bombycillidae

  • 8 spp; Holarctic
  • appear silky.
  • Crest
  • Eats fruit and insects
  • waxy red tips on wings
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8
Q

Thrushes and allies

  • Eastern Bluebird*
  • American Robin*
  • Wood Thrush*
A

Turdidiae

  • omnivorous ground foragers
  • pleasing, melodious song
  • biparental care, monogamous, territorial
  • 300 spp.- Worldwide
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9
Q

Mockingbirds, Thrashers, and allies

  • Northern Mockingbird*
  • Gray Catbird
A

Mimidae

  • slender thrush-like appearance
  • long tails
  • Mimics
  • sing continuusly, both sexes sing
  • New World
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10
Q

Starlings and allies

-European Starling

A

Sturnidae

  • plumage often iridescent black
  • sharp, slightly curved bill
  • many successful in human-altered environments
  • polygynous, male incubates
  • native to Old World
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11
Q

Swallows and Martins

  • Barn Swallow*
  • Purple Martin
A

Hirundinidae

  • Aerial Insectivore-sallying
  • short, flattened bill
  • long, pointed wings
  • 89 spp. Worldwide
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12
Q

Orioles and Blackbirds

  • Eastern Meadowlark*
  • B-H Cowbird*
  • Baltimore Oriole*
  • Red-winged Blackbird*
A

Icteridae

  • long, slender, straight bills
  • often glossy
  • omnivorous
  • 97 spp. New World
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13
Q

Kinglets

-Golden-crowned Kinglet

A

Regulidae

  • arboreal, insectivores, active
  • tiny body, thin bill, bright crest
  • 6 spp. Northern Hemi
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14
Q

Gnatcatchers and Gnatwrens

-Blue-gray Gnatcatcher

A

Polioptilidae

  • forest, scrub, edge habitats
  • tiny body, slender pointed bill, bluish color
  • insectivores, early breeders
  • 17 spp. New World
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15
Q

Wrens

  • House Wren*
  • Carolina Wren
A 
Troglodytidae
-insectivores; ground foragers
-small body, brown barred plumage, bill decurved
-tail short and often pointed up
90 spp. New World
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16
Q

Nuthatches

-White-breasted Nuthatch*

A

Sittidae

  • treetrunk foragers. chisel bill, climb downwrads on trunk for small insects and seeds
  • deciduous woodlands
  • Holarctic and SE asia
17
Q

Creepers

-Brown Creeper

A

Certhiidae

  • treetrunk foragers; stiff tail for upward, spiral climbing support
  • streaked brown plumage
  • decurved slender bill
18
Q

Chickaees, Tits, and Titmice

  • Tufted Titmouse*
  • Black-capped Chickadee*
A

Paridae

  • small body, short strong bill
  • unstreaked plumage, rictal bristles
  • mixed flocks in winter, active
  • NA, Eurasia, Africa
19
Q

Larks

-Horned Lark

A

Alaudidae

  • ground foragers and nesters
  • long, straight claws
  • farmland, shrubland, grassland
  • Africa and Eurasia
20
Q

Old World Sparrows

-House Sparrow

A

Passeridae

  • granivorous. thick short bills
  • cryptic brown plumage
  • well-adapted to urban environments
  • native to Old World
21
Q

Pipits and Wagtails

A

Matacillidae

  • walk quickly and constantly bob tail
  • long, slim bodies and long tails
  • open habitats
  • insectivores
  • 65 spp. Worldwide
22
Q

Finches

  • House Finch*
  • American Goldfinch*
  • Evening Grosbeak*
  • Red Crossbill
A

Fringillidae

  • seed-eaters; thick conical bills
  • string skulls, large jaw muscles, powerful gizzards
  • sexually dimorphic
  • WW except Australia/Antarctica
23
Q

Cardinals and allies

  • Indigo Bunting*
  • Northern Cardinal*
A

Cardinalidae

  • unstreaked plumage
  • sexually dimorphic
  • thick conical bill
  • New World
24
Q

New World Sparrows

  • Chipping Sparrow*
  • White-throated Sparrow
  • Dark-eyed Junco*
  • Song Sparrow*
A

Emberizidae

  • conical, stout bills
  • seed splitters and crackers
  • streaked, cryptic, brown plumage
  • diverse habitats
25
Q

Tanagers

-Scarlet Tanager*

A

Thraupidae

  • swollen bill, toothed upper mandible
  • bright, sexually dimorphic plumage
  • omnivorous, arboreal, migratory
  • mainly Tropical New World
26
Q

Longspurs and Buntings

-Snow Bunting

A

Calcariidae

  • migratory
  • grassland, tundra, farmland,
  • ground foragers
  • 6 spp. Holarctic
27
Q

New World Warblers

  • American Redstart*
  • Black-throated Blue Warbler
  • Black and White Warbler
  • Chestnut-sided Warbler*
A

Parulidae

  • diverse. 125 spp, New World
  • small, slender bill
  • eat insectes, seeds, berries
  • bright plumage
  • sexually dimorphic
  • Very active

Ornithology (1 decks)

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