Pass the OT Cards Flashcards
In infant development, which comes first:
bilaterality or unilaterality?
bilaterality precedes unilaterality in infant
development
When does hand dominance begin to develop?
Hand dominance begins to develop at 3 to 6 years,
and is not fully defined until 6 years
Can someone with receptive aphasia participate in
sensory testing?
Individuals with this disorder cannot comprehend
spoken or written words or symbols. Individuals
cannot understand verbal directions or respond to
sensory stimuli
What is agnosia?
Agnosia is a category of defecits where the patient
lacks recognition of familiar object as perceived
by the senses.
What is somatognosia?
Lack of awareness of one’s body parts.
What is anosognosia?
Anosognosia:
Patient does not recognize the presence or severity
of their condition.
What is prosopagnosia?
Face blindness. Inability to identify an individual
by their face.
What is visual-spacial agnosia?
Affects perception of spatial relationship between
objects, or between objects and self.
What is auditory agnosia?
Inability to recognize sounds, words and
non-words.
What is visual agnosia?
Lack of ability to recognize common objects and
demonstrate their use in an activity.
What is apraxia?
Loss of the ability to execute or carry out learned
(familiar) movements, despite having the desire
and the physical ability to perform the movements
What is ideomotor apraxia?
Inability to imitate gestures or perform a
purposeful motor task on command, even though
the patient is able to fully understand the idea or
concept of a task. This is often associated with left
hemisphere damage.
What is ideational apraxia?
The disability of carrying out complex sequential
motor acts. Caused by a disruption of the
conception, rather than execution. (Loss of tool
function knowledge)
What is constructional apraxia?
Unable to produce designs in 2 or three
dimensions by copying, drawing, or constructing.
What is oral apraxia?
Difficulty in forming and organizing intelligable
words, though the musculature required to do so is
in tact. Differs from disarthria because no muscles
are affected and speech is not slurred.
What is a neuroma?
An unorganized mass of nerve fibers
resulting from a laceration (either surgical or
accidental) or amputation in which the nerve
regrows in unorganized bundles. Results in sharp,
radiating pain.
By what age does an infant sit erect and
unsupported for several minutes?
8 to 9 months, an infant can sit erect and
unsupported.
What is reflex sympathetic dystrophy?
caused by trauma, post-surgical
inflammation, infection, or laceration to an
extremity. Characterized by pain, edema, shiny
skin, blotchy skin, and excessive sweating or
dryness.
What is another name for reflex sympathetic
dystrophy?
Complex regional pain syndrome
What is a symmetric tonic neck reflex?
When an infant’s neck is extended, the elbows
extend and the hips flex. When the head is
lowered, the elbows flex and the hips extend.
What stage is initiated by looking at and reaching
for food?
The oral preparatory phase.
What behavior would a child with poor
modulation of tactile input display?
Children with autism often are unpredictable, both craving and avoiding sensory stimuli at various
times.
After swallowing a pureed substance, you notice the individual has a wet, gurgling voice. What
might this indicate?
Possible aspiration. A videoflouroscopy is often
times needed to determine is this is the case.
In an acute care psychiatric setting, which group treatment is the most appropriate for individuals with disorganized psychosis?
Directive group treatment: a highly structured approach used in acute care for minimally functional individuals
What type of group structure would be most appropriate for individuals with substance abuse?
A task group is appropriate for substance abuse
disorders.
What group format is most appropriate for eating and adjustment disorders?
Psychoeducation groups
What is a Laissez-Faire leadership style?
Laissez-Faire is a “
hands off
“ approach. Goals are
not stated, the purpose is not clear, members are
not discouraged or encouraged. This is for a
high-functioning group.
What is the optimum number of members for a therapy group?
Five to six.
What is the optimum number of members for a counseling group?
No more than eight members.
What would you do if you had ten people assigned
to your group?
Divide them into two subgroups
What is autocratic leadership?
The leader exerts complete control.
What is democratic leadership?
This style can be a problem-solving style.
Group members feel safe to express views,
thoughts, and feelings.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as beneficence?
Concern for the safety and well-being of the
recipients of OT services
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as nonmaleficence?
Ensure recipient’s safety and do no harm.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as autonomy?
Respect patient rights, including confidentiality.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as procedural justice?
Comply with laws.
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as veracity?
Providing accurate information when representing the profession (don't lie)
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as duty?
Maintain credentials and continually learn craft
According to the OT code of ethics, what is
defined as fidelity?
Treat colleagues and other professionals with
respect, fairness, and integrity.
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical
flexion, extension, and lateral flexion?
0-45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of cervical
rotation?
0-60 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and
lumbar spine flexion?
0 - 80 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of thoracic and
lumbar spine extension?
0 - 30 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of lateral flexion
of the spine?
0 - 40 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of rotation of the
spine?
0 - 45 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder
flexion?
0 - 170 degree
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder
extension?
0 - 60
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder
abduction?
0 - 170
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal
adduction?
0 - 130
What are the normal ROM limits of horizontal
abduction?
0 - 40
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder
internal rotation?
0-70 degrees in shd abduction
0-60 degrees in shd adduction
What are the normal ROM limits of shoulder
external rotation?
0-90 degrees in shd abduction
0-80 degrees in shd adduction
What are the normal ROM limits of elbow
flexion?
0 - 140
What are the normal ROM limits of elbow
extension?
0 degrees
What are the normal ROM limits for pronation and
supination?
0-80/90 degrees
What are precautions of neuroleptic medications?
Power tools and sharp instruments should be
avoided, and sun exposure should be limited.
What is extrapyramidal syndrome?
Extrapyramidal syndrome is a neurological side
effect of anti-psychotic medication that mimics the
effects of Parkinson’s disease. This can cause
rigidity, bradykinesia, cogwheel and leadpipe
rigidity, loss of postural mechanisms, and a
resting, pill-rolling tremor.
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Tardive dyskinesia is a neurological syndrome
caused by the long-term use of neuroleptic drugs.
Tardive dyskinesia is characterized by repetitive,
involuntary, purposeless movements. Features of
the disorder may include grimacing, tongue
protrusion, lip smacking, puckering and pursing,
and rapid eye blinking. Involuntary movements of
the fingers may appear as though the individual is
playing an invisible guitar or piano.
What is ataxia?
lack of coordination while
performing voluntary movements. It may appear
as clumsiness, inaccuracy, or instability.
What is bradykinesia?
Bradykinesia means “
slow movement.
“
What is choreoathetosis?
a movement of intermediate
speed, fluctuating between the quick, flitting
movements of chorea and the slower, writhing
movements of athetosis.
What is dystonia?
a neurologic movement disorder
characterized by sustained muscle contractions,
usually producing twisting and repetitive
movements or abnormal postures or positions.
What is Huntington’s Disease?
The classic signs of HD include the development
of chorea–or involuntary, rapid, irregular, jerky
movements that may affect the face, arms, legs, or
trunk–as well as the gradual loss of thought
processing and acquired intellectual abilities
(dementia).
What is adiadochokinesis?
The inability to perform rapid alternating
movements such as pronation/supination.
What is dysmetria?
Overshooting/Undershooting
What is nystagmus?
Involuntary movement of the eyeballs in an
up/down, back/forth motion. Interferes with head
control.
What is dysarthria?
Explosive or slurred speech caused by
incoordination of muscles involved in speech.
Classified as a neuromotor problem.
What is ballism?
Rare symptom that is produced by continuous,
abrupt contractions of the axial and proximal
musculature of the extremity.
