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PL2020 > Party Ideologies - New Labour > Flashcards

Party Ideologies - New Labour Flashcards

1
Q

We are facing an end to Ideology?

A

Bell 1961

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2
Q

Ideology is a weapon?

A

Dommett

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3
Q

What is ideological Quietism and who came up with it?

A

Dommett and it is when a party suppress their ideology within their rhetoric

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4
Q

Link Ideological Quietism with who?

A

Corbyn

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5
Q

What did Dommett find?

A

The level of communication of ideology itself has dropped this does not mean that ideology itself has dropped

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6
Q

Blair was under ideological hegemony that Thatcher has set up, who?

A

Kenny and Smith

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7
Q

What explains the change in Blair’s ideology according to Kenny and Smith?

A

A combination of structural and agent based issues

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8
Q

New Labour signifies a death of traditional Labour?

A

Jacques

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9
Q

Smith and Kenny about the death of Old Labour?

A

he reorganised traditional belief rather than putting them to rest totally

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10
Q

M. Freeden, about New Labour?

A

Bends traditional Labour concepts to fit with a Conservative outlook

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11
Q

Why did Ed Miliband win his leadership election, and who?

A

Hickson and Beech - he won because he was not associated with New Labour

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12
Q

Criticism on how Ed Miliband won?

A

He won with a really small majority

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13
Q

Who came up with Blue Labour?

A

Glasman

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14
Q

Who came up with Purple Book?

A

Philpott and the think tank ‘Progress’

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15
Q

Family, Faith and Flag?

A

Blue Labour

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16
Q

New Labour was essential for the survival of the party?

A

Richards

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17
Q

How does purple book criticism Blue Labour?

A

Too nostalgic

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18
Q

What is the similarities between Purple Book and Blue Labour? Who?

A

Beech and Hickson - both emphasis localism

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19
Q

Rutherfod on Blue Labour?

A

Party of the market not the state - too focused on the economy

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20
Q

According to Beech and Hickinson, which is better for the future of Labour? and Why?

A

Neither as both are too critical on the state and voters don’t like this

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21
Q

What were Shaws 5 values of core Labour?

A
  1. Social justice
  2. Rights to work
  3. Social equality
  4. Labour protection
  5. Social solidarity and collective risk protection
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22
Q

What was the traditional Labour approach to Social Justice?

A

For each person to have a descent living standard and good economic welfare

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23
Q

What is the New Labour approach to Social Justice?

A

Combating social exclusion and poverty through bringing the poorest up

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24
Q

How successful were New Labour and combatting poverty? and evaluation.

A

1 million decrease in Blair 1st term. - however this was prosperous economic times

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25
Q

Evaluation of social justice and New Labour?

A

Doesn’t fit with the tradition of redistribution of wealth and equality

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26
Q

Traditional approach to the right to work?

A

It was based of Keynesian economics and full employment

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27
Q

What is the evaluation of Keynesian economics in modern times? Who?

A

Inherently unstable and wouldn’t work with the current level of neoliberalism - Shaw

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28
Q

What does Shaw say about unemployment currently and how New Labour faced it?

A

Thatcher cured it, now it is just a supply issue?

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29
Q

How did New Labour tackle unemployment? (3)

A
  1. Increased education
  2. Tax system which rewards you for working
  3. Combat a dependency based culture
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30
Q

Evaluation of unemployment tackling by New Labour?

A
  1. Education - equaliser?
  2. Tax - unequaliser?
  3. Dependency based culture - goes against solidarity, and fits with the Conservative distrust of human nature
31
Q

Traditional Labour and social equality?

A

The only legitimate inequalities in income and wealth are with those who have required skills - redistribution of wealth and nationalisation

32
Q

Social equality was the characteristic aspect of socialist thought?

A

Crosland

33
Q

New Labour attitude to Social equality?

A

Rejection of social equality in favour of equality of opportunity with an aim to create upward social mobility

34
Q

Why did New Labour favour equality of opportunity over equality? Who?

A

Felt like it should reward business and upper income earners, Shaw

35
Q

Evaluation of Equality of opportunity and rewarding big business?

A

The inequality in the structural design, set up by Thatcher

36
Q

Traditional Labour view on labour protection?

A

Aim was to relive labours status as a commodity

37
Q

New Labour view on labour protection?

A

Thatchers TU law remained however tighter up laws on individual workers - say it has a more flexible job market now

38
Q

Traditional Labour views on social solidarity and collective risk protection?

A

Led to social developments such as the welfare state motives of altruism opposing capitalism

39
Q

New Labour views on social solidarity and collective risk protection?

A

This was the idea with the biggest difference - Blair wanted a unified social set of morals however wanted people to take responsibility for their own lives

40
Q

Blair quote:

A

In a modernised social democracy, passionate in its commitment to social justice and the goals of the centre left, but flexible innovative and forward looking in the means to achieve them’

41
Q

Was Corbyn supposed to win, who?

A

No, he was supposed to widen the debate but demonstrate that we need a new generation of modern labour - Crines

42
Q

Crines about the ideology of Labour?

A

Labour is and always was only defined by their dislike of Toryism

43
Q

How do Labour achieve their goals?

A

They have always been divided.

44
Q

Evaluation on how Labour achieve their goals?

A

They have clear goal must be more than keeping out the Torys therefore his last comment is redundant!

45
Q

Labours change?

A

Renewal and change are as fundamental to labours life blood as the tory need to be economically liberal

46
Q

Votes for Corbyn in the election?

A

59.9%

47
Q

What did Corbyn do in the hustings?

A

Outlined his distrust of capitalism, trident and accepted the failings of the Iraq war

48
Q

Who said Blair was a continuation of Thatcher?

A

Hay and Heffernan

49
Q

What core Labour policies did New Labour reject?

A

Strong relationship with trade unions, Keynesian economics, public ownership and universalism in welfare protection

50
Q

What Thatcherite policies did New Labour uphold?

A
  1. Control on inflation
  2. Lower rate of income tax
  3. Privatisation
  4. Flexible labour markets
  5. Importance of financial services
51
Q

Coates?

A

New Labours is culmination of Labours long term accommodation to capitalism

52
Q

What is Triangulation?

A

Combines elements of Thatcherism (predecessor) and social democracy (the opponents ideology) and their own ideology

53
Q

Examples of triangulation?

A

Rights (traditional labour) and responsibilities (thatcher)

Economic efficiency and social justice

54
Q

When did Blair stand down?

A

2007

55
Q

What event caused the death of New Labour?

A

2008 recession

56
Q

What does the purple book think?

A

Blairites - focus on regaining reputation for economic competence, localism and public services

57
Q

Evaluation of purple book?

A

Link with valence issues

58
Q

Blue Labour?

A

Social conservatism, lost support because its gone to UKIP, localism and cooperatives

59
Q

Bair could have been a one nation Conservative however…. (who?)

A

This fails to recognise his other political aspirations - Kenny and Smith

60
Q

Kenny and Smith about what New Labour wanted to do to the Capitalist system?

A

They no longer wanted to transform it, rather wanted to protect certain interests within it

61
Q

Kenny and Smith in response to Jacques?

A

This is a hasty judgement and does not consider things in enough detail

62
Q

Where did Blair propose that voters need to be more realistic?

A

The Guardian, 1995

63
Q

What caused the solidarity among the working classes?

A

Poverty

64
Q

What is the purpose of using Localism as part of the ideology?

A

It undermines the Conservative focus on ‘Big Society’

65
Q

What did Shaw say about Blair’s commitment to lowering levels of poverty?

A

He said that it was just as much as traditional Labour

66
Q

How much difference did Blair’s government make to the level of poverty?

A

Some commentators say that it was more than any other Labour government.

67
Q

Crines, about how Labour are unified?

A

They are only unified against the horrific extremes of free market capitalism.

68
Q

Crines about Corbyn…

A

“His vision of renewal must strive to take older ideas of equality of income and make them relevant to an electorate who have grown accustom to neoliberalism in every facet of society”

69
Q

What did people like Hay and Heffernan say about New Labour?

A

it was a continuation of Thatcherism through embracing neoliberalism and rejecting a social democratic alternative through their political choice

70
Q

Evaluation of the continuation of Thatcherism?

A

Compare the political choice with that it was essential for the survival of the party - Richards

71
Q

What was the Third Way?

A

It was a concept adopted by Blair and Giddens, and it combined a statist democracy and neoliberal individualism

72
Q

After 2008 what Economic strategy did Labour adopt?

A

Neo-Keynesian

73
Q

What is Pre-distribution?

A

As redistribution of wealth is unforeseeable in modern society, it is focused on tackling inequalities earlier in life

PL2020 (4 decks)

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