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Biology 11 > Parts Of Cells, reactions, carbohydrates, dehydration > Flashcards

Parts Of Cells, reactions, carbohydrates, dehydration Flashcards

0
Q

Ribonucleic acid (RNA):

A

a single-stranded genetic messenger that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

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1
Q

Cell membrane:

A

a structure that surrounds
the cytoplasm of the cell and regulates the
movement of materials in and out of the cell

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2
Q

Lipids

A

A chemical group which includes fats and oils

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4
Q

Selectively permeable membrane

A

A barrier that allows some molecules to pass through but prevents other molecules from penetrating

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5
Q

Cell fractionation

A

The process by which cell components are separated by centrifugation

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6
Q

Radio isotopes

A

Unstable chemicals that omit burst of energy is they breakdown

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7
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Organelles that provide cells with forms of stored chemical energy

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8
Q

Cellular respiration

A

The total of the series of chemical processes by which nutrients is broken down and provided as energy

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9
Q

Adenosine triphosphate

A

A compound that temporarily stores chemical energy

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10
Q

Enzymes

A

Protein molecules that increase the rate at which biochemical reactions proceed

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11
Q

Amino acids

A

Organic chemicals that can be linked together to form proteins

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12
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Series of canals that transport materials through the cytoplasm

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13
Q

Exocytosis

A

Process by which particles are released from a cell by fusing a particle filled vesicles with the cell membrane

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14
Q

Endocytosis

A

The process by which the cell membrane wraps around the particle and pinches off a vesicle inside the cell

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15
Q

Vacuole

A

A large fluid compartment in the cytoplasm of a plant cell that stores sugars minerals proteins and water and it is important to maintaining turgor pressure

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16
Q

Turgor pressure

A

The pressure exerted by water against the cell membrane and the cell walls in plant cells

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17
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Plastids that contain the green pigment chlorophyll especially through photosynthesis

18
Q

Chromoplasts

A

Plastids that contain orange and yellow pigments

19
Q

Amyloplasts

A

Colourless plastids that store starch

20
Q

Centriole pair

A

microtubules move the chromosomes around the cell during mitosis most importantly lining the chromosomes up at Metaphase

21
Q

Cell theory

A

Smallest form of life
All living things are composed of one of more cells
New cells arose from pre-existing cells

22
Q

ATP

A

A compound temporarily stores chemical energy

23
Q

ADP

A

Organic compound in the metabolism and essentials of energy in living cells

24
Q

What structures are present in animal cells but not in plant cells

A

Cell membrane centrioles smaller vacuoles, cilia and lysosomes

25
Q

What structures are present in plant cells but not an animal cell

A

Cell wall, plastids, chloroplast,

Larger vacuoles.

26
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

The chemical process in which oxygen is used to produce energy from carbohydrates

27
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

A chemical process in which carbohydrates are partially broken down without using oxygen. A small amount of energy is produced in this manner

28
Q

Cellular respiration components

A

O2+C6H12O6
produces
CO2 and H2O and energy

29
Q

Photosynthesis components

A

CO2 and H2O and energy
Produces
O2+C6H12O6

30
Q

Where is the energy produced by respiration stored

A

Mitochondrion

31
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Organic molecule made up of

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

32
Q

Monosaccharide

A

Simplest form of carbohydrate

33
Q

Polysaccharide

A

The carbohydrate made up of three or more monosaccharides

34
Q

Disaccharide

A

The carbohydrate made it to monosaccharides

35
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Reaction in which two or more molecules bond by losing one or more water molecules

36
Q

Hydrolysis

A

The chemical reaction in which the interactions of water and a compound result in breaking up of that compound (water is added)

37
Q

Simple vs compels carbohydrates

A

The chemical structure, reflect how quickly the sugar is digested and absorbed,

38
Q

Carbohydrate functions

A

Provides energy and regulates blood glucose,

spares protein for energy,

breaks down fatty acids and prevents ketosis

biologically recognized process,

Adds flavour and sweetening

dietary fibers

39
Q

Fats

A

Natural oily substance that occurs in animal surround organs and skin

40
Q

Ribosomes

A

structures within the cell, where protein synthesis occur

Biology 11 (1 decks)

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