Parts Of Cells (chpter 3)

Question 1

Plasma membrane

Answer 1

Structure: 45% lipid, 50% protein and 5% carbohydrates

Location: entire cell

Function: provides barrier that regulates movement of materials

Question 2

Microvilli

Answer 2

Function: tiny folds that increase the surface

Location: outward away from the plasma membrane

Function: increase plasma membrane for surface area for absorption

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Structure: gel-like fluid

Location: between plasma and nucleus

Function:region of cell metabolism

Question 4

Cystosol

Answer 4

Structure: gel like fluid composed of water and proteins

Location: surrounds organelles

Function: fluid environment for cell function

Question 5

Organelles

Answer 5

Structure: formed bodies

Location:

Function: activity that maintain the cell

Question 6

Centrosom

Answer 6

Structure: composed of two centrioles

Location: near the nucleus

Functions: participants in cell division, organizes cytoskeleton

Question 7

Cytoskeleton

Answer 7

Structure: microtubules

Location: throughout the cytoplasm

Function: positions organelles

Question 8

Cilia

Answer 8

Structure: long, slender projections of the membrane

Location: extend outward away from the cell surface

Functions: rhythmic movements propel materials across cell surface

Question 9

Ribosomes

Answer 9

Structure: small circle structures made of 60% RNA and 40% protein

Question 10

RER ( rough endoplasmic reticulum)

Answer 10

Structure: branching tubles that may be flattened or tubular, with attached ribosomes

Location: extends between nucleus and plasma membrane

Functions: modifies proteins

Question 11

SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum)

Answer 11

Structure: branches tubules that may be flattened or tubular without ribosomes

Location: twist throughout cytoplasm

Function: site of lipid and carbohydrate assembly

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

Structure: sausage shape

Location: randomly throughout cytoplasm

Function: site of energy production by aerobic respiration

Question 13

Golgi apparatus

Answer 13

Structure: flattened disc - shaped sacs

Question 14

Vesicles

Answer 14

Structure: small sacs surrounded by membrane

Location: randomly throughout cytoplasm

Functions: transport, storage, and digestion,

Question 15

Peroxisome

Answer 15

Structure: small circle vesicle

Location: randomly throughout cytoplasm

Functions: contains detoxifying enzymes

Question 16

Lysomes

Answer 16

Structure: small circular vesicle

Location: randomly throughout cytoplasm

Function: digestives enzymes

Question 17

Nucleus

Answer 17

Structure: composed of double membrane that contains nucleic acids

Location: center of cell

Contains DNA that regulates protein synthesis and cell division. Contains RNA

Question 18

Nuclear envelope

Answer 18

Structure: double membrane with structure: large nuclear pores

Location: surrounds nucleoplasm

Function regulates movement of materials between cytoplasms and nucleoplasm

Question 19

Nucleoplasm

Answer 19

Structure: gel like fluid containing water, nucleic acids, and proteins

Location: contained within the nuclear envelope

Functions: site of nucleic acids (DNA, and RNA)

Question 20

Nucleoli

Answer 20

Structure: small spheres containing RNA and proteins

Locations: group within a nucleoplasm

Function: site of RNA synthesis